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Floci EUVDEUVD-2026-96394

| CVE-2026-108598 CRITICAL
Code Injection (CWE-94)
2026-10-10 VulnCheck GHSA-c3c4-9g85-pfvc
9.3
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach Floci API Gateway endpoint
  2. Delivery
    Create REST API with MOCK integration
  3. Exploit
    Craft VTL template using $util reflection
  4. Execution
    Invoke API to render template
  5. Persist
    Reflect to Runtime/ProcessBuilder
  6. Impact
    Execute OS commands in Floci JVM

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Code injection prevention, sandbox exec
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a pre-2.2.0 Floci instance whose API Gateway service (or the equivalent AppSync resolver path) is network-reachable to the attacker, and whose VTL template processing runs on the pre-patch engine with no reflection sandbox. The concrete prerequisite is the ability to create/define a REST API with a MOCK integration carrying a Velocity mapping template that uses $util reflection to reach Runtime or ProcessBuilder - a capability the vulnerable engine exposes to unauthenticated callers per the CVSS PR:N vector. Limiting factors: the target must be running an affected version (1.1.0 up to but not including 2.2.0); after the 2.2.0 fix, templates render inside SecureUberspector which blocks Class, ClassLoader, Runtime, ProcessBuilder, System, Thread, and java.io.File, plus loop/output/time limits, neutralizing the reflection path. Because Floci is primarily a local/CI developer emulator, realistic exposure depends on whether its control plane is bound beyond localhost.

Impact

All exploitability signals align toward high real-world risk. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) describes network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated exploitation with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (VC:H/VI:H/VA:H), scoring 9.3, and the description corroborates this - unauthenticated OS command execution in the Floci JVM via a crafted Velocity (VTL) mapping template. Publicly available exploit code exists (ghostx-86 PoC) and a vendor patch (2.2.0) is available, and the finding was reported by VulnCheck, a credible source. However, the input provides NO EPSS score and NO CISA KEV listing, so this is 'publicly available exploit code exists' - NOT confirmed active exploitation; do not treat it as in-the-wild. The dominant counterweight is deployment context: Floci is a niche open-source AWS-service emulator (typically a developer/CI tool) rather than ubiquitous production infrastructure, so despite the near-maximal CVSS, aggregate real-world exposure is constrained by how narrowly the product is deployed and whether its API Gateway/AppSync control plane is network-reachable. Net: a genuine high-severity RCE that should be patched promptly where Floci is exposed, but likely targeted/limited rather than mass-exploited given the product footprint.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with network access to a pre-2.2.0 Floci instance's API Gateway control plane creates a REST API with a MOCK integration whose VTL mapping template uses $util-based reflection to reach java.lang.Runtime or ProcessBuilder. Invoking the API renders the template and executes attacker-chosen OS commands inside the Floci JVM, with no authentication required. A public proof-of-concept for this exact API Gateway VTL RCE path is available.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity + public POC available.
1 public PoC Patch available 0.7% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 10, 2026

Unauthenticated remote code execution affects Floci versions 1.1.0 through releases prior to 2.2.0, where the API Gateway VTL template engine fails to sandbox Velocity template rendering. An attacker who can reach the Floci control plane can define a REST API with a MOCK integration whose mapping template uses $util reflection to reach Runtime or ProcessBuilder, executing arbitrary OS commands inside the Floci JVM - a CVSS 9.3 (CVSS 4.0: AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) impact confirmed as unauthenticated by the PR:N vector. Publicly available exploit code exists, though no public exploit identified at time of analysis as confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV), and a vendor-released fix is available in Floci 2.2.0. Because Floci is primarily a local and CI developer emulator of AWS services, practical exposure depends heavily on whether its API Gateway/AppSync endpoints are bound beyond localhost.

RemediationAI

Upgrade to Floci 2.2.0 or later; the release is published at https://github.com/floci-io/floci/releases/tag/2.2.0 and the hardening change is contained in commit 144b90e6fa861a5ac882e99a090d503da01945c4, which introduces the SecureUberspector reflection sandbox plus loop, output-size, and wall-clock limits for both the API Gateway and AppSync VTL paths. If immediate upgrade is not possible, treat the Floci control plane as a privileged service: bind the API Gateway and AppSync listeners to loopback only rather than 0.0.0.0, so remote callers cannot submit REST API definitions or mapping templates - this eliminates the attack vector entirely at the cost of breaking use by remote CI runners or shared test environments, which would instead need a loopback tunnel or an authenticating reverse proxy. As a secondary containment measure, run Floci under a least-privilege service account or in an unprivileged container with a read-only root filesystem and no host mounts, so that any successful Runtime/ProcessBuilder invocation cannot escalate to meaningful host access; note this does not prevent in-JVM command execution or data exfiltration from the emulator's own state. Also verify that the emulator's administrative/control-plane port is not exposed through ingress rules, and monitor for unexpected outbound connections or child processes spawned by the Floci JVM, since the reflection chain produces genuine OS process creation. Review the advisory at https://github.com/floci-io/floci/security/advisories/GHSA-3p4c-wp7w-mgjx for vendor-published guidance and confirm whether your deployment uses the API Gateway or AppSync template surfaces, as both must be considered exposed until 2.2.0 is applied.

Affected VersionsENISA

floci 1.1.0 <2.2.0

Affected Packages

euvd floci fix: 2.2.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerability is rooted in CWE-94 (improper control of generation of code / code injection) within Floci's VtlTemplateEngine, the component that renders Velocity Template Language (VTL) mapping templates for the emulated API Gateway and AppSync services. VTL is the same template dialect AWS uses for API Gateway integration mapping templates and AppSync resolvers, and Velocity's expression language permits method invocation through the $util context object. In the vulnerable code path (VtlTemplateEngine.java, roughly lines 74-114 at commit 560b3e4aae61cea3ac7d4d51843bdffd0e3085fd), templates were evaluated without a restrictive Uberspector, so reflection chains from $util could enumerate and invoke classes such as java.lang.Runtime or java.lang.ProcessBuilder and spawn OS processes with the privileges of the Floci JVM. The 2.2.0 fix hardens the same engine by rendering templates inside a reflection-restricted SecureUberspector sandbox that blocks Class, ClassLoader, Runtime, ProcessBuilder, System, Thread, java.io.File and related classes/packages, and additionally bounds execution with FLOCI_SERVICES_APIGATEWAY_VTL_MAX_LOOPS / APPSYNC equivalents (default 10000), FLOCI_SERVICES_*_VTL_MAX_OUTPUT_CHARS (default 1048576, enforced by a new BoundedWriter), and FLOCI_SERVICES_*_VTL_TIMEOUT_MILLIS (default 5000), plus a SandboxedForeach directive that checks a VtlExecutionGuard deadline on each loop iteration. Those controls also mitigate template-driven denial-of-service such as runaway #foreach loops, which are separate from the reflection-based command-execution primitive described here.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 9.3 CRITICAL
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 9.8 CRITICAL

Unauthenticated network template injection (PR:N/AV:N/AC:L) yields OS command execution within the Floci JVM, giving full C/I/A impact; scope kept Unchanged as execution stays within the vulnerable process context.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
High
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Floci 1.1.0 before 2.2.0 contains a code injection vulnerability in VtlTemplateEngine that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute commands via unrestricted Velocity mapping templates. Attackers can create a REST API with a MOCK integration whose template uses $util reflection to reach Runtime or ProcessBuilder, executing OS commands in the Floci JVM.

Technical POC Analysis

CWE-94 code injection.

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Latest POC

1 public PoC link from github

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Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Floci, the AWS service emulator our engineering and CI pipelines rely on, is affected by a critical unauthenticated remote code execution flaw in versions 1.1.0 through 2.1.x, where a reachable API Gateway endpoint lets an attacker run arbitrary operating system commands on the host. The realistic organizational exposure is not a customer-facing service but developer workstations and build runners, which typically hold cloud credentials, source code, and pipeline secrets, making a compromise a data and supply-chain risk. Publicly available exploit code exists and a vendor-released fix is available in Floci 2.2.0, so urgency depends primarily on whether these endpoints are network-reachable beyond localhost.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.7%
Top 47% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source AWS-service emulator, limited production footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.7%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity + public POC available
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
Medium

Priority Score

67
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +46
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Code Injection CRITICAL

Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

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