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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Authenticate to Schannel-backed TLS service
  2. Delivery
    Send crafted protocol data
  3. Exploit
    Trigger out-of-bounds read in Schannel
  4. Execution
    Receive leaked adjacent memory
  5. Impact
    Disclose sensitive information over network

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network access to a Windows service that uses Schannel for TLS/SSL and, per the CVSS vector's PR:L, an authenticated or otherwise authorized attacker - this is not remote-unauthenticated. No user interaction is needed (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L). The limiting factors are the authentication/authorization requirement and the need for a reachable Schannel-backed endpoint; the impact is confined to information disclosure (C:H) per the description, with integrity unaffected (I:N). The A:H in the vector suggests a possible service crash from the over-read but the vendor description does not confirm an availability impact.

Impact

The CVSS 3.1 score of 8.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H) indicates a network-reachable flaw of low complexity requiring some level of privilege (PR:L, i.e. authenticated), with high confidentiality impact. Note a discrepancy worth flagging: the vector lists A:H (high availability impact), yet the description characterizes this strictly as information disclosure with no integrity or availability effect claimed - the A:H is plausibly from an over-read that can also crash the service, but the vendor text does not confirm a DoS, so treat the availability rating as unverified. There is no EPSS score, no POC, and no KEV listing in the provided data, so real-world exploitation pressure currently appears low despite the high base score. The practical priority is elevated because Schannel is ubiquitous and network-facing, but the PR:L requirement (attacker must be authenticated) meaningfully narrows the threat versus a fully unauthenticated flaw.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already holds valid credentials or an authenticated session to a Windows service that terminates TLS via Schannel sends crafted protocol data over the network, causing Schannel to over-read process memory and return leaked bytes (potentially session material or other secrets) in its response. Given AV:N and AC:L, the interaction is straightforward once authenticated, but no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 1.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 14, 2026

Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Schannel (the Secure Channel TLS/SSL provider) lets an authenticated, network-adjacent attacker read memory beyond an allocated buffer and leak sensitive data across a network connection. The flaw spans nearly the entire supported Windows family - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (24H2/25H2/26H1), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Reported by Microsoft with a fix available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.

RemediationAI

Apply the Microsoft security update for your specific Windows build - Patch available per vendor advisory; consult https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-56186 for the exact patched KB and build number for each affected SKU (exact fix version is not restated in the provided data, so pull it from MSRC per your OS). Since the flaw is in the core TLS provider, patching is the only complete fix; there is no supported feature toggle to disable Schannel. As interim compensating controls until patching, restrict network reachability of TLS-terminating services (IIS, RDP, LDAPS, SMB-over-TLS) to trusted management networks and enforce the PR:L barrier by tightening authentication, since exploitation requires an authenticated/authorized attacker - the trade-off is reduced service accessibility for legitimate remote clients. Prioritize internet-exposed and multi-tenant servers first.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26226
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7548
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23291
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23291
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.2269
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.7548
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26226
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.8875
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.8875
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5386

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7548
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.7548
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.8875
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.8875
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.2269
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26226
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23291
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23291
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26226
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5386
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33158
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33158

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 18 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Schannel (Secure Channel) is the Windows implementation of the TLS/SSL and DTLS protocols, used by IIS, RDP, LDAPS, SMB over TLS, and virtually every Windows service that negotiates encrypted sessions. The root cause is CWE-125 (Out-of-bounds Read): during processing of protocol data, the component reads past the bounds of an allocated buffer, allowing adjacent process memory to be returned to the peer. Because Schannel handles attacker-influenced handshake and record data, malformed or crafted TLS structures can drive the parser to over-read. The CPE set confirms the affected code is the OS-level Schannel component shipped uniformly across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY HIGH
NVD 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Network-reachable, low-complexity, authenticated (PR:L) over-read yielding high confidentiality loss; I:N and A:N since the description confirms only information disclosure, not integrity or availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Severity Changed
Jul 22, 2026 - 11:07 NVD
HIGH MEDIUM
CVSS changed
Jul 22, 2026 - 11:07 NVD
8.1 (HIGH) 6.5 (MEDIUM)
CVE Published
Jul 14, 2026 - 17:09 nvd
HIGH 8.1

DescriptionNVD

Out-of-bounds read in Windows Schannel allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft Windows Schannel (TLS/SSL encryption layer) contains a memory disclosure vulnerability (CVSS 8.1) affecting all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025), allowing authenticated attackers to extract sensitive data over the network. This threatens the confidentiality of encrypted communications across email, web services, and remote access infrastructure. Patch availability requires urgent deployment to prevent credential and data leakage from encrypted channels.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
1.1%
Top 38% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Schannel is the built-in TLS stack in every supported Windows edition
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Unlikely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 1.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

33
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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