EUVD-2026-41902Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Untrusted font parsing by a network service needs no auth or interaction (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N) and yields only memory-exhaustion DoS, so C:N/I:N/A:H; UI could be R for desktop use.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Lifecycle Timeline
2Blast Radius
ecosystem impact- 85,213 pypi packages depend on pillow (18,358 direct, 68,183 indirect)
Ecosystem-wide dependent count for version 12.3.0.
DescriptionCVE.org
Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/BdfFontFile.py bdf_char() read the BBX width and height field from a BDF font file and passed attacker-controlled dimensions to Image.new() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), bypassing Pillow's documented decompression bomb protection and allowing excessive memory allocation. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
Articles & Coverage 1
AnalysisAI
Uncontrolled memory allocation in Python Pillow before 12.3.0 lets a crafted BDF font file exhaust available memory and crash the host application. The BdfFontFile parser trusts the attacker-supplied BBX width/height fields and hands them to Image.new() while skipping Pillow's decompression-bomb size check, so a tiny malicious font can request a huge in-memory bitmap. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires the target application to parse an attacker-controlled BDF bitmap font file through Pillow's BdfFontFile / bdf_char() code path (e.g. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The NVD CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H, base 7.5) reflects a pure availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity loss - consistent with a memory-exhaustion DoS rather than code execution. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An attacker submits a small, syntactically valid BDF font file whose BBX record declares enormous glyph width and height to an application that renders or inspects fonts with Pillow (for example a document/thumbnail service that accepts font uploads). When Pillow parses the glyph it calls Image.new() with the inflated dimensions and tries to allocate a multi-gigabyte buffer, driving the worker into out-of-memory and denial of service. … |
| Remediation | Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Pillow 12.3.0 or later (pip install --upgrade 'Pillow>=12.3.0'), which adds the missing Image._decompression_bomb_check() call to the BDF path - see the fixing commit 0a263e6264aa5399988d9acd3bbfbca2ca3ec77d and advisory GHSA-45hq-cxwh-f6vc. … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours: Identify all systems using Pillow and assess which ones process untrusted font or image data. …
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External POC / Exploit Code
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