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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft malicious PNM file
  2. Delivery
    Deliver to victim via email or download
  3. Exploit
    Victim opens file in GIMP
  4. Execution
    pnmscanner_gettoken() writes NUL past stack buffer
  5. Persist
    Corrupt adjacent stack memory
  6. Impact
    Crash or execute code in user context

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-193
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Off-by-one prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires a user to open an attacker-supplied PNM-family file (PBM/PGM/PPM/PAM) in GIMP so the vulnerable PNM loader runs - this is the UI:R requirement in the CVSS vector. The specific trigger is a token in the PNM stream sized to exactly fill the pnmscanner_gettoken() stack buffer, causing the off-by-one NUL write; a token shorter than the buffer does not overflow. Limiting factors: the vector is local (AV:L), there is no network-reachable path, and no authentication is needed on the attacker side but the attack cannot proceed without victim interaction. Reliable arbitrary code execution is further limited by platform stack protections (canaries, ASLR, NX) on modern RHEL builds, which may reduce the outcome to denial of service.
Impact

Signals are consistent and point to genuine-but-not-urgent risk. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H = 7.8) correctly frames this as a local, user-interaction-gated file-parsing bug rather than a remotely reachable service flaw - an attacker cannot trigger it over the network without convincing a user to open a file. EPSS is very low (0.12%, 2nd percentile) and CISA SSVC reports Exploitation: none and Automatable: no, which agrees with 'no public exploit identified.' The one aggravating signal is SSVC Technical Impact: total, matching the C:H/I:H/A:H - successful exploitation yields full compromise of the user's session. There is no conflict between sources here: this is a real high-severity bug but not an active-exploitation emergency, so it belongs in normal patch cycles rather than emergency response. Note the 'RCE' tag reflects worst-case potential; reliable code execution past a stack canary is not demonstrated by any provided data.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a PNM file whose header or data token is sized to exactly fill the scanner's stack buffer, then delivers it via email, a web download, or a shared image repository. When the victim opens the file in GIMP, pnmscanner_gettoken() writes a NUL one byte past the buffer, corrupting adjacent stack data; at minimum GIMP crashes (DoS), and in the worst case the overwrite is leveraged toward code execution in the user's context. No public proof-of-concept is identified at time of analysis, and the local/UI-required vector (AV:L/UI:R) means the attacker depends on social engineering.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv3 – Jul 10, 2026

Stack-based memory corruption in GIMP's PNM image parser lets an attacker execute code or crash the application when a victim opens a malicious PNM/PBM/PGM/PPM file. The flaw is an off-by-one in pnmscanner_gettoken() that writes a null terminator one byte past a stack buffer; it is local and requires the user to open the crafted file (UI:R). No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.12%), consistent with the CISA SSVC 'Exploitation: none' judgment.

Earlier versions of this analysis (2)
v2 Jul 10, 2026 - 17:43 cvss changed CVSS 7.8

Local code execution in GIMP's PNM image parser allows an attacker to corrupt stack memory when a victim opens a maliciously crafted PBM/PGM/PPM/PNM file, because pnmscanner_gettoken() writes a null terminator one byte past a stack buffer. Impact ranges from a crash (denial of service) to potential arbitrary code execution in the context of the user running GIMP. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS is very low (0.12%, 2nd percentile), consistent with CISA SSVC scoring exploitation as 'none'.

v1 Jul 06, 2026 - 14:52 CVSS 7.3

Memory corruption in GIMP's PNM (PNM/PBM/PGM/PPM) image parser allows a crafted image file to trigger an off-by-one null-terminator write in pnmscanner_gettoken(), enabling denial of service or potentially arbitrary code execution in the context of the user running GIMP. Exploitation requires a victim to open a malicious PNM file, making this a client-side, user-interaction-dependent flaw rather than a remotely reachable service bug. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the upstream fix is available as a GNOME GitLab commit.

RemediationAI

Upstream fix available (PR/commit); released patched version not independently confirmed - apply the GNOME/GIMP fix from commit https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/commit/83699817 once packaged. On Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6/7/8/9, update the gimp package to the fixed build published via the Red Hat advisory (https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-58380) when it ships; track the Bugzilla at https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2496135 for the exact errata version. Because exploitation requires opening a malicious file, effective compensating controls until patched are operational: do not open PNM/PBM/PGM/PPM files from untrusted sources, and disable or restrict the PNM plug-in if your GIMP deployment supports plug-in removal (trade-off: loss of PNM import/export). Where GIMP is used for automated/batch image processing, sandbox the process or route it through a hardened converter, since batch pipelines remove the human 'do you trust this file' check that normally limits UI:R bugs.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The vulnerable code is GIMP's PNM (Portable Any Map) loader, which handles the PBM/PGM/PPM/PAM ASCII and binary image formats. During tokenization, pnmscanner_gettoken() reads header/data tokens into a fixed-size stack buffer and appends a terminating NUL byte. The loop boundary check is off by one (CWE-193, Off-by-one Error), so with a token that exactly fills the buffer the NUL is written to buffer[len], one byte beyond the allocation. On the stack this can overwrite an adjacent local, saved register, or canary, producing the classic memory-corruption chain from crash (DoS) to potential control-flow hijack. The affected component ships as the gimp package; the reporter is Red Hat and the CPE set enumerates the RHEL distributions that carry it.

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY HIGH
NVD 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Local file-parsing bug needing the victim to open a crafted file (AV:L/UI:R), no attacker privileges (PR:N), and full compromise of the user session (C/I/A:H).

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SUSE 7.3 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Red Hat 7.3 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

4
Analysis Updated
Jul 10, 2026 - 17:43 vuln.today
v3 - CVSS changed
Analysis Updated
Jul 10, 2026 - 17:43 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
CVSS changed
Jul 10, 2026 - 17:37 NVD
7.3 (HIGH) 7.8 (HIGH)
CVE Published
Jul 06, 2026 - 13:58 cve.org
HIGH 7.3

DescriptionNVD

A flaw was found in GIMP's PNM file format parser. When parsing a specially crafted PNM file, the pnmscanner_gettoken() function writes a null terminator one byte past the end of a stack-allocated buffer due to an off-by-one error in the loop boundary check. This could lead to memory corruption, potentially resulting in denial of service or arbitrary code execution.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A stack overflow in GIMP's image parser (CVE-2026-58380) could enable code execution when users open malicious PNM/PBM/PGM/PPM image files. Organizations using GIMP for design or image processing face workstation compromise risk through routine file handling. Exploitation likelihood is currently low (EPSS 0.1%, no public exploit identified at time of analysis), but the potential for code execution warrants immediate mitigation.

Business Impact: Medium
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) restrict PNM format file processing to internal or pre-validated sources; (2) disable PNM format codec in GIMP if not business-critical; (3) implement file type validation and scanning; (4) security awareness training emphasizing risks of opening files from external sources; (5) network isolation and access controls for systems running GIMP; (6) continuous monitoring of GIMP security advisories for patch availability.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 98% exploitable
Prevalence
Medium
popular open-source image editor, common on Linux desktops not servers
Data Quality
7 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment Vendor VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
Medium
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Remote Code Execution CRITICAL

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Denial of Service MEDIUM

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Same weakness CWE-193 – Off-by-one Error

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Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Important
Product Status
SUSE Liberty Linux 9 Fixed
openSUSE Leap 16.0 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 Affected
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 Affected

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-58380 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/376467 REF https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:40751 REF https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:62507 REF https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:73768 REF https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:80509 REF https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-58380 REF https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2496135 REF https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/commit/83699817 REF https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gimp/-/issues/16206

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