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Remote code execution in Microsoft Word (part of Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office 365 for Mac, and Office LTSC 2021/2024) allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code in the context of the victim who opens a crafted document. The vulnerability is an off-by-one error (CWE-193) in the Word parser that can corrupt memory, and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released a patch via its MSRC update guide.
Off-by-one memory corruption in D-Link DIR-605 B1v202WWB03 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds write via a crafted L2TP Host Name AVP in the `peer_hostname` argument of `tunnel_set_params`. The flaw resides in the router's L2TP Control Message Parser (`progs.gpl/pppd.alpha/l2tp/tunnel.c`) and carries full C/I/A impact on the device. A public proof-of-concept writeup explicitly confirming out-of-bounds write primitives has been published, though exploitation complexity is rated high.
Rewrite valve processing in Apache Tomcat contains an off-by-one error (CWE-193) in the handling of the [N] (Next) flag, causing rule iteration to restart from the second rewrite rule instead of the first, which can produce unintended looping behavior and result in a denial-of-service condition. Affected supported versions span Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120, 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, and 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24; the EOL 8.5.x branch is also affected but will not receive a fix. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), EPSS stands at 0.20% (10th percentile), and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure in Google Chrome's DevTools (versions prior to 152.0.7977.65) lets a remote attacker who convinces a user to install a crafted Chrome extension read adjacent memory inside the renderer sandbox via an off-by-one error. Chromium rates the security severity as Low, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC lists exploitation status as none and EPSS is negligible (0.16%, 6th percentile).
Off-by-one error in Nimiq Albatross' validity store enables transaction replay attacks, causing double execution of any crafted transaction on MainNet. Versions of nimiq-blockchain up to and including 1.5.0 contain a strict-inequality comparison that prematurely expires replay protection by up to 59 blocks (~10 minutes), while the protocol continues to accept the transaction as valid. Any network participant can exploit this by choosing a specific validity_start_height, resulting in the sender being debited twice and the recipient credited twice. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified; vendor patch 1.5.1 is available.
Buffer over-read when forwarding messages in Thunderbird allows remote attackers to crash the application by triggering an off-by-one error in MIME header parsing, with a possible but limited information leak of one byte. Affected versions are prior to 153 and 140.13; the user must have the non-default 'view all headers' option enabled while forwarding a specifically crafted email. At time of analysis, there is no evidence of active exploitation (not listed in CISA KEV) and EPSS indicates very low exploitation likelihood.
Memory-safety off-by-one in the Linux kernel's TLS (kTLS) data path miscounts scatterlist entries when an sk_msg scatterlist ring wraps (sg.end < sg.start), causing tls_push_record() to place the sg_chain() continuation pointer at data[MAX_SKB_FRAGS] instead of the true last entry. On affected 5.5-through-7.x stable kernels this can corrupt or misdirect the scatterlist handed to the crypto API during TLS record transmission, with the potential for information disclosure (as tagged) or a crash. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.18%, 7th percentile) and the issue is not in CISA KEV.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker read out-of-bounds memory across a wide swath of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). The root cause is an off-by-one error (CWE-193) that overreads adjacent memory, potentially leaking sensitive process data; CVSS is 7.5 with confidentiality-only impact and no code execution. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the low EPSS (0.89%) plus CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicate no observed exploitation yet.
Stack-based memory corruption in GIMP's PNM image parser lets an attacker execute code or crash the application when a victim opens a malicious PNM/PBM/PGM/PPM file. The flaw is an off-by-one in pnmscanner_gettoken() that writes a null terminator one byte past a stack buffer; it is local and requires the user to open the crafted file (UI:R). No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.12%), consistent with the CISA SSVC 'Exploitation: none' judgment.
Denial of service in the Libreswan IPsec VPN's pluto daemon allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash and repeatedly restart the daemon by sending an invalidly formatted IKEv2 fragment. The off-by-one flaw affects any deployment permitting IKEv2 connections that do not explicitly set fragmentation=no, with no authentication or user interaction required; repeated exploitation sustains the outage. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no remote code execution is possible despite the mislabeled 'RCE' tag.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Word (part of Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Office 365 for Mac, and Office LTSC 2021/2024) allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code in the context of the victim who opens a crafted document. The vulnerability is an off-by-one error (CWE-193) in the Word parser that can corrupt memory, and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has released a patch via its MSRC update guide.
Off-by-one memory corruption in D-Link DIR-605 B1v202WWB03 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger an out-of-bounds write via a crafted L2TP Host Name AVP in the `peer_hostname` argument of `tunnel_set_params`. The flaw resides in the router's L2TP Control Message Parser (`progs.gpl/pppd.alpha/l2tp/tunnel.c`) and carries full C/I/A impact on the device. A public proof-of-concept writeup explicitly confirming out-of-bounds write primitives has been published, though exploitation complexity is rated high.
Rewrite valve processing in Apache Tomcat contains an off-by-one error (CWE-193) in the handling of the [N] (Next) flag, causing rule iteration to restart from the second rewrite rule instead of the first, which can produce unintended looping behavior and result in a denial-of-service condition. Affected supported versions span Tomcat 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120, 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, and 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24; the EOL 8.5.x branch is also affected but will not receive a fix. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV), EPSS stands at 0.20% (10th percentile), and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Information disclosure in Google Chrome's DevTools (versions prior to 152.0.7977.65) lets a remote attacker who convinces a user to install a crafted Chrome extension read adjacent memory inside the renderer sandbox via an off-by-one error. Chromium rates the security severity as Low, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; SSVC lists exploitation status as none and EPSS is negligible (0.16%, 6th percentile).
Off-by-one error in Nimiq Albatross' validity store enables transaction replay attacks, causing double execution of any crafted transaction on MainNet. Versions of nimiq-blockchain up to and including 1.5.0 contain a strict-inequality comparison that prematurely expires replay protection by up to 59 blocks (~10 minutes), while the protocol continues to accept the transaction as valid. Any network participant can exploit this by choosing a specific validity_start_height, resulting in the sender being debited twice and the recipient credited twice. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified; vendor patch 1.5.1 is available.
Buffer over-read when forwarding messages in Thunderbird allows remote attackers to crash the application by triggering an off-by-one error in MIME header parsing, with a possible but limited information leak of one byte. Affected versions are prior to 153 and 140.13; the user must have the non-default 'view all headers' option enabled while forwarding a specifically crafted email. At time of analysis, there is no evidence of active exploitation (not listed in CISA KEV) and EPSS indicates very low exploitation likelihood.
Memory-safety off-by-one in the Linux kernel's TLS (kTLS) data path miscounts scatterlist entries when an sk_msg scatterlist ring wraps (sg.end < sg.start), causing tls_push_record() to place the sg_chain() continuation pointer at data[MAX_SKB_FRAGS] instead of the true last entry. On affected 5.5-through-7.x stable kernels this can corrupt or misdirect the scatterlist handed to the crypto API during TLS record transmission, with the potential for information disclosure (as tagged) or a crash. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.18%, 7th percentile) and the issue is not in CISA KEV.
Information disclosure in Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker read out-of-bounds memory across a wide swath of Windows client and server builds (Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1, Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025). The root cause is an off-by-one error (CWE-193) that overreads adjacent memory, potentially leaking sensitive process data; CVSS is 7.5 with confidentiality-only impact and no code execution. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the low EPSS (0.89%) plus CISA SSVC exploitation status of 'none' indicate no observed exploitation yet.
Stack-based memory corruption in GIMP's PNM image parser lets an attacker execute code or crash the application when a victim opens a malicious PNM/PBM/PGM/PPM file. The flaw is an off-by-one in pnmscanner_gettoken() that writes a null terminator one byte past a stack buffer; it is local and requires the user to open the crafted file (UI:R). No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, and EPSS is low (0.12%), consistent with the CISA SSVC 'Exploitation: none' judgment.
Denial of service in the Libreswan IPsec VPN's pluto daemon allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash and repeatedly restart the daemon by sending an invalidly formatted IKEv2 fragment. The off-by-one flaw affects any deployment permitting IKEv2 connections that do not explicitly set fragmentation=no, with no authentication or user interaction required; repeated exploitation sustains the outage. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no remote code execution is possible despite the mislabeled 'RCE' tag.