Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Physical access required (AV:P), no privileges or interaction needed once connected; integrity and availability fully compromised via firmware replacement, no confidentiality impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (icscert).
CVSS VectorVendor: icscert
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
CubeSpace CW0057 Reaction Wheel firmware versions prior to 5.0.20 are vulnerable to an Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature vulnerability. This could allow an attacker with physical access to the product to upload arbitrary malicious firmware to the device without authentication.
AnalysisAI
Improper cryptographic signature verification in the CubeSpace CW0057 Reaction Wheel firmware (versions prior to 5.0.20) permits an attacker with physical access to flash arbitrary, unsigned firmware onto the device without any authentication. This affects a safety-critical spacecraft attitude control component used in CubeSat and small satellite missions, where unauthorized firmware replacement could cause mission-critical failures including attitude loss or uncontrolled spacecraft behavior. A proof-of-concept exploit exists (indicated by E:P in the CVSS 4.0 supplemental vector); no active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV at time of analysis.
Technical ContextAI
The CubeSpace CW0057 is a reaction wheel - an inertial actuator used in small satellite and CubeSat platforms for attitude determination and control system (ADCS) functions. CWE-347 (Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature) identifies the root cause: the firmware update mechanism fails to cryptographically validate the authenticity and integrity of uploaded firmware images before flashing them. The 'Jwt Attack' tag in the intelligence data suggests the signature scheme may leverage JSON Web Tokens (JWT) for firmware authentication, and the bypass likely exploits weak or absent signature validation logic (e.g., accepting unsigned tokens, algorithm confusion, or 'none' algorithm). The CPE string cpe:2.3:a:cubespace:cw0057_reaction_wheel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* confirms all firmware versions prior to 5.0.20 are in scope. This is an ICS/OT device reported by ICS-CERT via CISA advisory ICSA-26-183-02.
RemediationAI
The primary remediation is to update CW0057 firmware to version 5.0.20 or later, as confirmed by the vulnerability description. The CISA advisory ICSA-26-183-02 at https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-26-183-02 should be consulted for vendor-specific update procedures and any additional guidance from CubeSpace. As a compensating control where firmware update is not immediately possible, operators should enforce strict physical access controls to all CW0057 hardware during integration, test, and storage phases - specifically restricting who may connect to firmware update interfaces (USB, UART, or similar) and logging all such access events. Physical tamper-evident seals can provide detection capability for unauthorized access. Because the 'Jwt Attack' tag suggests the vulnerability may reside in JWT signature validation, disabling or restricting remote firmware update interfaces (if any exist alongside the physical interface) is advisable as an additional layer, though the primary attack vector here is confirmed physical. These physical controls do not remediate the underlying cryptographic flaw and should only serve as interim measures pending the firmware update.
More in Jwt Attack
View allWhy is Microsoft republishing a CVE from 2013? We are republishing CVE-2013-3900 in the Security Update Guide to update
Authentication bypass in SimpleHelp 5.5.15 and prior (plus 6.0 pre-release builds) allows remote unauthenticated attacke
Authentication bypass in Fortinet FortiOS, FortiProxy, and FortiSwitchManager allows unauthenticated remote attackers to
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Rated critical severity (CVS
ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. Rated critical severity (CVS
The package jsrsasign before 10.5.25 are vulnerable to Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature when JWS or JWT
A library injection vulnerability exists in Microsoft Teams (work or school) 24046.2813.2770.1094 for macOS. Rated criti
A library injection vulnerability exists in the WebView.app helper app of Microsoft Teams (work or school) 24046.2813.27
A library injection vulnerability exists in the com.microsoft.teams2.modulehost.app helper app of Microsoft Teams (work
The Ruby SAML library is for implementing the client side of a SAML authorization. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), t
cosign is a container signing and verification utility. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remote
Biscuit is an authentication and authorization token for microservices architectures. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8)
Same technique Information Disclosure
View allShare
External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today
EUVD-2026-41419
GHSA-hmx6-cprg-h49v