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BOSH EUVDEUVD-2026-34193

| CVE-2026-41859 HIGH
Improper Certificate Validation (CWE-295)
2026-06-04 vmware GHSA-cggw-g858-xx4w
7.1
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: vmware
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Gain on-path position between nats-sync and director
  2. Delivery
    Present forged TLS certificate for director hostname
  3. Exploit
    nats-sync accepts cert due to VERIFY_NONE
  4. Install
    Capture Basic auth header or UAA client secret
  5. C2
    Return tampered VM list in /deployments/<name>/vms response
  6. Execute
    Replay stolen credentials against director API
  7. Impact
    Take administrative control of BOSH deployment

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A07:2025 - Authentication Failures
ASVS 5.0
V12 - Secure Communication Certificate validation
Exploitation Conditions

The attacker must hold an active network man-in-the-middle position on the path between the nats-sync process and the BOSH director's HTTPS API endpoints (/info, /deployments, /deployments/<name>/vms) - for example by controlling a router, a compromised management host, ARP/DNS poisoning, or an upstream proxy. Exploitation also requires that nats-sync actually initiates director calls (the normal authorization-sync workflow) while the attacker is on-path, so timing aligns with nats-sync's polling cadence. No special non-default configuration of BOSH is needed because the vulnerable VERIFY_NONE behavior is hardcoded in UsersSync#bosh_api_response_body for affected versions; limiting factors are purely the network position requirement (CVSS AT:P) and the need for nats-sync to be deployed and actively syncing.

Impact

The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H) scores 7.1 and reflects a local attack vector with low privileges plus a present attack requirement (the MitM position), but the subsequent scope impact is high across confidentiality, integrity, and availability because stolen director credentials grant full administrative control of the deployment plane. EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signals were not supplied in the input, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The practical risk is meaningful for any operator whose nats-sync-to-director path traverses untrusted segments, since the missing certificate check turns a passive network foothold into a direct path to administrative takeover; the AT:P requirement (an attacker must already be on-path) is the main factor keeping this below a critical rating. One caveat worth flagging: the CVSS AV:L classification appears conservative given the description explicitly describes a network MitM, so operators should not dismiss this as purely local.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has gained a foothold on a network segment carrying nats-sync-to-director traffic (for example a compromised jumpbox, a rogue device in the management VLAN, or via ARP/BGP/DNS redirection) presents a self-signed TLS certificate for the director's hostname. Because nats-sync uses VERIFY_NONE, the TLS handshake completes and the attacker captures the Basic auth header or UAA client secret on the next /info or /deployments request, then returns a tampered /deployments/<name>/vms response so the NATS authorization file is rewritten to the attacker's advantage. The captured credentials are then replayed directly against the BOSH director for full administrative control. No public proof-of-concept is referenced in the available data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.0% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv3 – Jun 04, 2026

Credential theft and authorization tampering in Cloud Foundry BOSH (versions prior to v282.1.9) stems from the nats-sync component disabling TLS certificate validation when contacting the BOSH director. An attacker positioned on the network between nats-sync and the director can intercept Basic auth headers or UAA client secrets and modify the VM list written into the NATS authorization file, ultimately gaining administrative director access. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Earlier versions of this analysis (2)
v2 Jun 04, 2026 - 03:30 cvss changed CVSS 7.1

Credential theft and authorization tampering in Cloud Foundry BOSH (all versions prior to v282.1.9) stems from the nats-sync component disabling TLS certificate verification when contacting the BOSH director. A network-positioned attacker can intercept director Basic auth headers or UAA client secrets and manipulate the VM list written to the NATS authorization file, gaining administrative control over the director. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

v1 Jun 04, 2026 - 02:42 CVSS 7.8

Credential theft and NATS authorization tampering in Cloud Foundry BOSH (versions prior to v282.1.9) is possible because the nats-sync component disables TLS certificate verification when contacting the BOSH director. An attacker positioned between nats-sync and the director can intercept Basic auth headers or UAA client secrets and modify the VM list written to the NATS authorization file, gaining administrative control of the director. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: BOSH v282.1.9 - upgrade to v282.1.9 or later, which restores proper TLS certificate validation in the nats-sync director client, per the Cloud Foundry advisory at https://www.cloudfoundry.org/blog/cve-2026-41859-missing-tls-in-nats-sync/. If immediate upgrade is not possible, restrict the network path between nats-sync and the BOSH director to a trusted, isolated segment so that no attacker can interpose on the TCP flow (for example by collocating components, using a private management VLAN, or enforcing IPsec/WireGuard between the hosts); the trade-off is operational complexity and potential loss of flexibility in distributed deployments. Additionally, consider rotating any BOSH director Basic auth credentials and UAA client secrets used by nats-sync after patching, in case they were exposed to an on-path observer prior to the fix.

Affected VersionsENISA

BOSH 0 <282.1.9

Affected Packages

euvd bosh fix: 282.1.9

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

BOSH is the Cloud Foundry release-engineering and VM lifecycle tool that orchestrates deployments via a director API and uses NATS for messaging between the director and managed VMs. The nats-sync component periodically polls the director's /info, /deployments, and /deployments/<name>/vms endpoints to rebuild the NATS authorization file that gates which VMs may publish/subscribe on which subjects. The root cause is CWE-295 (Improper Certificate Validation): UsersSync#bosh_api_response_body constructs a Net::HTTP client with verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE, so the TLS handshake completes against any certificate - including one presented by a man-in-the-middle - leaking the credentials carried in the request and accepting forged response bodies.

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Severity by source

Vendor (vmware) PRIMARY 7.1 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H

Primary rating from Vendor (vmware) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: vmware

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
Low
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
High
Subsequent system: Integrity
High
Subsequent system: Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

5
Patch available
Jun 04, 2026 - 04:15 EUVD
Analysis Updated
Jun 04, 2026 - 03:30 vuln.today
v3 - CVSS changed
Analysis Updated
Jun 04, 2026 - 03:30 vuln.today
v2 - CVSS changed
CVSS changed
Jun 04, 2026 - 03:22 NVD
7.8 (HIGH) 7.1 (HIGH)
CVE Published
Jun 04, 2026 - 01:51 nvd
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

A network man-in-the-middle between nats-sync and the BOSH director can steal the director credentials (Basic auth header or UAA client secret) and can tamper with the VM list that is written into the NATS authorization file. Stolen credentials grant administrative director access. UsersSync#bosh_api_response_body builds a Net::HTTP client with verify_mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE for every director call (/info, /deployments, /deployments/<name>/vms).

Affected versions:

  • BOSH: all versions prior to v282.1.9 (inclusive); fixed in v282.1.9 or later

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Cloud Foundry BOSH versions prior to 282.1.9 expose administrative credentials to network interception attacks, allowing attackers to gain unauthorized access to infrastructure orchestration systems and modify virtual machine provisioning. Organizations using vulnerable BOSH versions risk loss of control over infrastructure deployments and potential unauthorized modifications affecting hundreds or thousands of managed systems. Currently, no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Network segmentation to restrict nats-sync and director traffic to internal trusted networks only; (2) Network-based intrusion detection/prevention for credential exfiltration patterns; (3) Enforce mTLS with certificate pinning for component communication where architecture permits; (4) Implement monthly rotation of all BOSH service account credentials; (5) Restrict BOSH director administrative access by role with multi-factor authentication required for authorization changes.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.0%
Top 99% exploitable
Social Media
2
Sightings
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.0%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

36
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +36
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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