Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObtain valid order number
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DeliverySend anonymous payment request with mismatched email
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ExploitTrigger authorization failure in actionPay()
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ExecutionReceive serialized order object in JSON error response
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ImpactExtract customer PII
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Data Protection Data exposure prevention
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Collection, Discovery The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires two concrete prerequisites: (1) the attacker must know or have obtained a valid order number for a completed order in the target Craft Commerce store - order numbers are not publicly listed but may be leaked via forwarded confirmation emails, social engineering, or in stores using predictable number sequences; (2) the Commerce store must have the anonymous (guest) payment flow enabled, which is the default for most storefronts. Exploitation is limited by the CVSS 4.0 AT:P metric (attack prerequisites present). Authentication is not required (PR:N), and no user interaction is needed. Exploitation does not affect payment card data, session tokens, or admin credentials. The impact is bounded to order-level PII (customer email, shipping/billing addresses) for the specific order whose number was supplied. |
| Impact | All available signals converge on low real-world risk. The CVSS 4.0 score of 1.7 with vector AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N reflects network-reachability but notes attack prerequisites (AT:P): an attacker must possess or discover a valid order number, which is non-trivial since order numbers are not public. EPSS is 0.05% (14th percentile), indicating exploitation is statistically unlikely relative to the broader vulnerability landscape. SSVC categorizes exploitation as 'none,' automatable as 'no' (reinforcing the prerequisite barrier), and technical impact as 'partial.' The vulnerability is not listed in the CISA KEV catalog and no proof-of-concept has been identified. The confidentiality impact, while real (PII such as name, email, and postal address), does not include payment card data, credentials, or session tokens. For organizations where data-protection regulations (GDPR, CCPA) apply, even low-severity PII leaks carry compliance weight beyond the CVSS score alone - that is the primary risk signal to consider. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has obtained a valid Craft Commerce order number - for instance, through a prior order of their own, a phishing email forwarded from a victim, or enumeration if order numbers are sequential - submits a POST request to the anonymous payment endpoint with the correct order number but a mismatched email address. The failed authorization causes the controller to return a JSON error response that includes the full serialized order object, revealing the customer's email address, shipping address, and billing address without any authentication. No public proof-of-concept exists, but the attack requires no technical sophistication once an order number is known. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 24, 2026
Unauthenticated information disclosure in Craft Commerce's PaymentsController exposes serialized order data - including customer email, shipping address, and billing address - when an anonymous payment attempt fails the email authorization check. Affected versions span 4.0.0 through 4.10.2 and 5.0.0 through 5.5.4. No public exploit code exists and no active exploitation has been confirmed; the CVSS 4.0 score of 1.7 and EPSS of 0.05% (14th percentile) reflect the low real-world risk, though the data exposed (PII) is meaningful for affected customers.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Craft Commerce to version 4.11.0 (for v4 deployments) or 5.6.0 (for v5 deployments). Both tagged releases are available at https://github.com/craftcms/commerce/releases/tag/4.11.0 and https://github.com/craftcms/commerce/releases/tag/5.6.0. The root fix, detailed in commit 48a5d946419964e2af1ac64a8e1acc2a32ca0a08, removes the serialized order object from the actionPay() failure response. If immediate patching is not possible, a compensating control is to restrict network access to the anonymous payment endpoint or require authentication for all payment flows at the web server or application firewall layer; note that doing so would break legitimate guest checkout functionality and should be weighed accordingly. There is no known workaround that preserves the anonymous payment feature while fully eliminating the disclosure.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 3 packages in composer, euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
Craft Commerce is a PHP-based ecommerce plugin for the Craft CMS platform (cpe:2.3:a:craftcms:commerce:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*). The vulnerable code path resides in PaymentsController::actionPay(), which handles the frontend anonymous payment flow. The controller loads a full order object by order number before completing authorization checks. When the subsequent email validation fails, the error branch previously included the serialized order via cartArray($order) in the JSON failure response - returning PII to the requestor even though access was denied. This is a classic CWE-200 (Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) pattern: authorization enforcement is incomplete because the early data fetch is not gated, and the error response path reuses the already-loaded object without scrubbing sensitive fields. The commit fix (48a5d94) removes the data: parameter from asFailure(), so error responses no longer include order contents.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
AC:H reflects the prerequisite of knowing a valid order number; PR:N because no authentication is required; C:L for partial PII disclosure with no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
Craft Commerce is an ecommerce platform for Craft CMS. In versions 4.0.0 through 4.10.2 and 5.0.0 through 5.5.4, the PaymentsController::actionPay discloses some order data to unauthenticated users when an order number is provided and the email check fails during an anonymous payment. The JSON error response includes the serialized order object (order), which contains some sensitive fields such as customer email, shipping address, and billing address. The frontend payment flow's actionPay() retrieves orders by number before authorization is fully enforcedLoad order by number. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.11.0 and 5.6.0.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-22073
GHSA-3vxg-x5f8-f5qf
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB