Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Recursion depth limits
|
| Impact | This is a moderate-priority denial-of-service vulnerability with notable real-world impact. CVSS 6.2 with local attack vector (AV:L) and low complexity (AC:L) correctly reflects the practical threat: any local user can craft and distribute a malicious PDF that crashes the application on any system where it is opened. The EPSS and KEV status are not provided, but the absence of network exploitability (AV:L) limits widespread automated abuse compared to remote vulnerabilities. However, in enterprise environments where PDFs are processed batch-wise (e.g., document management systems, automated report generation), this becomes a reliable denial-of-service primitive. The unauthenticated, no-interaction requirement (PR:N, UI:N) and availability impact (A:H) indicate legitimate priority. No public exploit or active KEV status was confirmed in provided data, but the straightforward nature of crafting cyclic PDF references suggests proof-of-concept code could be readily developed. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker creates a PDF document with pages and annotations that reference each other in a loop (e.g., Page A → Annotation B → Page A). When a user or automated system opens this PDF in Foxit PDF Reader or Editor, the application attempts to parse and traverse the object tree. APIs within the application that perform deep recursion without cycle detection (such as SOAP handlers for document interchange) recursively follow the circular references, rapidly exhausting stack memory. Within seconds, the application crashes with a stack overflow error, causing denial of service. In an enterprise setting, an attacker could distribute such a PDF via email or document repository, causing widespread application crashes across the organization when users or automated systems attempt to process it. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Apr 01, 2026
Foxit PDF Editor and PDF Reader are vulnerable to denial of service via uncontrolled recursion in maliciously crafted PDF documents containing cyclic object references in pages and annotations. When such documents are processed by APIs performing deep object traversal (such as SOAP handlers), the applications exhaust stack memory and crash. The vulnerability requires only local access and no user interaction beyond opening a malicious PDF, making it a practical attack vector for local denial of service.
RemediationAI
Foxit users should consult the official security bulletin at https://www.foxit.com/support/security-bulletins.html for specific patched versions of Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader. The primary mitigation is upgrading to a patched release once available. In the interim, organizations should restrict PDF processing workflows to trusted sources and avoid opening PDF attachments from untrusted senders in these applications. If automated batch PDF processing is in use, consider temporarily disabling or sandboxing such workflows until patches are deployed. Additionally, implementing input validation to reject PDFs with excessive or cyclic object nesting may reduce exposure, though vendor patches are the definitive fix.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability stems from improper handling of cyclic object references in PDF document structures (CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion). PDF objects-particularly pages and annotation dictionaries-can reference each other, and when a parser or API traversal routine encounters these cycles without cycle detection, it enters infinite recursion. This is particularly dangerous when documents are processed by SOAP or other deep-traversal APIs that recursively inspect all referenced objects. The issue affects Foxit PDF Editor and Foxit PDF Reader across multiple versions, as indicated by the wildcard version matching in the CPE strings, suggesting the flaw may exist in core PDF parsing logic shared across product versions.
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Severity by source
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.
CVSS VectorNVD
DescriptionCVE.org
The application does not detect or guard against cyclic PDF object references while handling JavaScript in PDF. When pages and annotations are crafted that reference each other in a loop, passing the document to APIs (e.g., SOAP) that perform deep traversal can cause uncontrolled recursion, stack exhaustion, and application crashes.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
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SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
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EUVD-2026-17757
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
GitHub PoC
Exploit-DB