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WatchGuard Fireware OS EUVDEUVD-2026-111152

| CVE-2026-93434 HIGH
Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
2026-10-27 WatchGuard GHSA-3fmv-cm8f-v9fm
8.7
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: WatchGuard
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach management SSH interface
  2. Exploit
    Submit crafted XPath in auth request
  3. Impact
    Extract sensitive configuration data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires network reachability to the WatchGuard Fireware OS management SSH interface; the attacker crafts a malicious request during the SSH authentication process to inject XPath. No credentials are needed (PR:N), no user interaction, and the description names no special non-default feature toggle - the required precondition is simply that the management SSH interface is reachable by the attacker. The principal limiting factor is therefore exposure of that management interface: deployments that restrict management SSH to a trusted/internal management network are not remotely exploitable from the internet, whereas appliances with the management SSH interface exposed to untrusted networks are directly at risk. Impact is confined to disclosure of sensitive configuration data; no integrity or availability impact is indicated.

Impact

This is a genuine priority but not a drop-everything emergency. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated attack requiring no user interaction, and the impact is scoped to confidentiality only (VC:H, with VI:N/VA:N), consistent with an information-disclosure flaw that leaks configuration data rather than granting code execution or data tampering. The vuln.today Decision label is 'this_week', indicating prompt but not emergency remediation. Key exploitation signals are MISSING: no EPSS probability was provided, the CVE is NOT on CISA KEV, and no public exploit code or PoC reference is listed, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The high base score (8.7) is driven by the unauthenticated network vector combined with high confidentiality impact, but the real-world exposure is materially limited because exploitation requires reachability of the management SSH interface - which on properly configured firewalls is not exposed to the untrusted internet. Treat as a high-priority patch for any deployment where the management SSH interface is externally or broadly reachable, and lower-priority where that interface is restricted to a trusted management network.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote attacker who can reach a Firebox's management SSH interface submits a specially crafted request during SSH authentication that injects malicious XPath syntax, causing the backend to return sensitive configuration data without any credentials. Because the attack is unauthenticated, low-complexity, and needs no user interaction, a single crafted connection to an exposed management port can disclose configuration secrets. No public exploit code or PoC reference is listed in the available data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 28, 2026

Sensitive configuration data disclosure in WatchGuard Fireware OS stems from XPath injection in the management SSH authentication process, allowing a remote, unauthenticated attacker who can reach that interface to submit a crafted request and extract configuration data. Affected releases are Fireware OS 2025.1 before 2026.4 and 12.0 before 12.5.22 or 12.12.4; the vendor has released fixes, and no public exploit is identified at time of analysis, with no CISA KEV listing. Exposure is the key risk factor: appliances whose management SSH interface is reachable from untrusted networks are most at risk, while restricting that interface to trusted management networks substantially reduces exposure.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: Fireware OS 2026.4 or later on the 2025.1 branch, 12.5.22 or later, and 12.12.4 or later on the 12.x branches, per the WatchGuard PSIRT advisory at https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2026-93434 . If upgrading immediately is not possible, reduce exposure by restricting the management SSH interface to trusted administrative networks or disabling management SSH access from untrusted networks; this lowers the attack surface but does not remediate the underlying XPath injection.

Affected VersionsENISA

Fireware OS 2025.1 <2026.4
Fireware OS 12.0 <12.5.22
Fireware OS 12.0 <12.12.4

Affected Packages

euvd fireware_os fix: 12.5.22, 12.12.4, 2026.4

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is an XPath injection (CWE-20 improper input validation) in WatchGuard Fireware OS's SSH authentication path. XPath is used to query XML configuration data; crafted input is not adequately validated or neutralized before being incorporated into an XPath expression, so an attacker can alter the query and read sensitive configuration content. The CVSS 4.0 vector is AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N with only confidentiality impact (VC:H, VI:N, VA:N), and the assessed CVSS 3.1 vector agrees (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), making this a remote, unauthenticated information-disclosure issue rather than code execution or denial of service. The required precondition is network reachability to the management SSH interface; no special non-default feature toggle is named in the available data.

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Severity by source

Vendor (WatchGuard) PRIMARY 8.7 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 7.5 HIGH

Unauthenticated network-facing injection on the management SSH interface (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) that only leaks configuration data, so C:H with I:N/A:N and no scope change.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (WatchGuard).

CVSS VectorVendor: WatchGuard

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 27, 2026 - 17:18 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 27, 2026 - 15:52 cve.org
HIGH 8.7

DescriptionCVE.org

An XPath injection vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS's SSH authentication process allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker with access to the management SSH interface to extract sensitive configuration data by submitting a specially crafted request.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

WatchGuard Fireware OS, a core network security platform, has a high-severity flaw that can leak sensitive configuration data to an unauthenticated attacker who can reach the management SSH interface. Because these appliances often enforce perimeter security, a breach could expose credentials, network topology, and other secrets that undermine broader defenses. Leadership should prioritize identifying and patching internet-exposed management interfaces to prevent potential lateral movement or further compromise.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 60% exploitable
Prevalence
High
WatchGuard Firebox/Fireware OS is widely-deployed enterprise and SMB firewall software
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact
High

Priority Score

44
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +44
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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