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Kubernetes kubelet EUVDEUVD-2026-110500

| CVE-2026-76654 MEDIUM
Improper Link Resolution Before File Access (CWE-59)
5.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Recon
    Gain pod-creation access on Windows node
  2. Delivery
    Seed symlink pointing to attacker UNC share
  3. Exploit
    Mount via pod subPath volumeMount
  4. Install
    Kubelet resolves symlink to UNC path
  5. C2
    Kubelet authenticates over NTLM
  6. Execute
    Capture NetNTLMv2 hash
  7. Impact
    Relay/crack to impersonate node account

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V5 - File Handling Symlink resolution safety
Exploitation Conditions

Requires a Windows Kubernetes worker node running an affected kubelet (<=1.34.11, <=1.35.8, <=1.36.4, or 1.37.0) AND an attacker able to create a pod whose volumeMounts subPath is a symbolic link resolving to an attacker-controlled UNC network share; the kubelet's failure to reject UNC symlink targets is the core flaw. The high-value outcome (NTLM relay to impersonate the node) further requires the node to be domain-joined. Limiting factors: Linux nodes are unaffected; non-domain-joined Windows nodes only expose a crackable hash rather than direct relay; the attacker must hold cluster access sufficient to schedule pods and seed the symlink, and must operate the receiving SMB/UNC endpoint. These stacked conditions justify the vendor's AC:H rating.

Impact

This is a genuine but conditional issue, best treated as MEDIUM rather than a top-tier priority. The vendor CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N, 5.8) already signals two significant limiters: high attack complexity (AC:H) and high privileges required (PR:H), with the payoff being credential disclosure only (C:H, no integrity or availability impact). The scope change (S:C) reflects that the leaked NetNTLMv2 hash belongs to the kubelet's node account, crossing the pod/node trust boundary. There is no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit in the provided data - this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' No SSVC decision data was supplied. The realistic risk hinges on three stacked preconditions rarely all present: Windows worker nodes, the node being domain-joined (needed for NTLM relay/impersonation, the high-value outcome), and an attacker able to place a symlink whose target is an attacker-controlled UNC share. I assess PR:L is more defensible than the vendor's PR:H, since exploitation needs the ability to create pods and seed a symlink into a mounted volume rather than pre-existing high privilege - this would raise the score slightly but the conclusion (targeted, prerequisite-heavy, not mass-exploitable) is unchanged.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker with the ability to schedule pods on a Windows Kubernetes node creates a pod whose volumeMount subPath is a symbolic link resolving to an attacker-controlled UNC share (e.g. \\attacker-host\share). When the kubelet resolves the symlink it does not reject the UNC target and transparently authenticates to the share with NTLM, leaking the NetNTLMv2 hash of the kubelet service account; if the node is domain-joined the attacker relays or cracks it to impersonate the node. No public exploit code is identified at the time of analysis, and the network-facing capture still requires the high-complexity setup described.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 24, 2026

Subpath symlink resolution in the Kubernetes kubelet on Windows nodes fails to reject symbolic-link targets that resolve to a UNC network path, so a pod whose volumeMounts subPath is crafted as such a symlink causes the kubelet to transparently authenticate to an attacker-controlled SMB share using NTLM (CVE-2026-76654, rated Medium, CVSS 5.8). Affected deployments are Windows worker nodes running kubelet <= v1.34.11, <= v1.35.8, <= v1.36.4, or v1.37.0; Linux nodes are not affected. An authenticated attacker with sufficient cluster access to schedule a pod and seed the symlink can capture the NetNTLMv2 hash of the kubelet service account and either crack it offline or relay it to impersonate the node if that node is domain-joined; exploitation requires an attacker-operated SMB endpoint and, for the highest-impact relay outcome, a domain-joined node, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade the kubelet on Windows nodes to v1.34.12, v1.35.9, v1.36.5, or v1.37.1 - these fixed versions make kubelet refuse UNC symlink targets on Windows, which is the root-cause fix (see https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/142098 and https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2026/q3/915). If an immediate upgrade is not possible, apply compensating controls in this order of practicality: restrict RBAC and admission so that untrusted tenants cannot create pods that specify volumeMounts subPath values (a ValidatingAdmissionPolicy can reject or flag subPath usage, at the cost of blocking a legitimate feature for those workloads); enforce host-level egress filtering on Windows nodes to block outbound SMB (TCP 445/139) to anything other than known-good file servers so the kubelet cannot reach an attacker-controlled share, accepting that this breaks legitimate SMB-backed mounts and any other host SMB traffic; and, on domain-joined nodes, enforce SMB signing and disable/limit NTLM where feasible, which prevents relay and impersonation but does not stop hash capture and offline cracking. Where domain membership is not strictly required, removing nodes from the domain (or using gMSA-style managed identities) eliminates the relay path entirely at the cost of domain-integrated authentication. Detection should focus on unexpected outbound SMB connections from kubelet hosts and Windows authentication events indicating NTLM authentication to unfamiliar servers; if exploitation is suspected, contact security@kubernetes.io as requested in the advisory. There is no configuration-only switch that disables the vulnerable symlink resolution short of the patched kubelet.

Affected VersionsENISA

Kubernetes v1.36.0 ≤v1.36.4
Kubernetes v1.37.0 ≤v1.37.0
Kubernetes v1.35.0 ≤v1.35.8
Kubernetes v1.34.0 ≤v1.34.11

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a link-following / improper symlink-target validation issue in the kubelet's Windows volume subPath handling: when mounting a pod volume subPath, the kubelet resolves the path through symbolic links but does not reject a resolution result that is a UNC path (\\host\share). Because Windows resolves and authenticates to UNC targets automatically, the kubelet host initiates an SMB session to the attacker's share and performs NTLM authentication, leaking a NetNTLMv2 challenge-response for the account the kubelet runs as. This is the classic NTLM coercion pattern (aligned with the link-following and credential-capture/relay weakness classes, e.g. CWE-59 and CWE-522/CWE-294 in spirit), where the leak of the challenge-response enables offline password cracking or, when the node is domain-joined, NTLM relay to an unauthenticated service to impersonate the node. The technology stack involved is Windows-specific: kubelet's volume manager, NTFS symbolic links, the SMB client, and NTLM authentication, none of which are reached by the equivalent code path on Linux nodes. The vendor vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N) and our independent assessment (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N) agree on the scope-changed, confidentiality-only, high-complexity nature of the issue; the differing privilege metric reflects whether pod creation rights are counted as high or low privilege.

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Severity by source

Vendor (CNA) PRIMARY 5.8 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.3 MEDIUM

Requires pod-creation access and a seeded symlink (PR:L, AC:H) on a domain-joined Windows node; leaked kubelet-account hash crosses trust boundary (S:C, C:H), no integrity/availability impact.

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Red Hat 5.8 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (CNA).

CVSS VectorVendor

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Description PRE-NVD

Disclosed via oss-security. NVD scoring and full description are pending.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 63% exploitable
Prevalence
High
Kubernetes ubiquitous, but Windows nodes are a minority of production clusters
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
High

Priority Score

29
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +29
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

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Vendor StatusVendor

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