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Trigger.dev EUVDEUVD-2026-106894

| CVE-2026-114091 MEDIUM
Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639)
2026-10-21 VulnCheck GHSA-633q-685h-8gxm
6.0
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain valid tenant API key
  2. Delivery
    Learn victim run friendlyId
  3. Exploit
    Call unscoped replay API route
  4. Execution
    Run replays into attacker environment
  5. Impact
    Read victim task payload

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Object-level authorization, IDOR prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Requires (1) a valid Trigger.dev API key for ANY tenant/environment (PR:L - the attacker must be an authenticated tenant, not fully anonymous), (2) knowledge of the victim's specific run friendlyId, and (3) a target running Trigger.dev before 4.5.0 that exposes the api.v1.runs.$runParam.replay route. The core vulnerable condition is that this route looks up runs by friendlyId alone without scoping to the caller's runtime environment. Limiting factors: impact is bounded to confidentiality (reading the victim's task payload only), it needs an authenticated API key rather than being fully unauthenticated, and it depends on the attacker discovering a valid victim friendlyId (reflected as AT:P), which is not enumerable by default - making this most relevant in shared/multi-tenant hosted deployments.

Impact

This is a genuine but moderate-priority cross-tenant authorization flaw (IDOR, CWE-639), not a critical remote-code threat. The source CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H) scores 6.0 (Medium) and the signals are internally consistent: network reachable, but it requires an authenticated API key (PR:L) AND a present attack requirement (AT:P) - the attacker must already know the victim's run friendlyId, which is not enumerable by default. Impact is confidentiality-only (VC:H, VI:N/VA:N): read access to a victim's task payload, with no integrity or availability loss and no subsequent-system scope change (SC:N). No EPSS score, KEV listing, or POC flag was provided, so per input this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' The absence of KEV/EPSS plus the PR:L and AT:P prerequisites argues against widespread automated exploitation - realistic risk is targeted, originating from a malicious or compromised tenant in a shared multi-tenant Trigger.dev deployment. One caveat: the 4.0 vector marks SC:N (no scope change) even though the attack crosses a tenant trust boundary; a reasonable analyst could argue a scope change, so weigh the cross-tenant data-boundary impact as the key decision factor rather than the raw numeric score.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A legitimate but malicious customer (or an attacker who has stolen any tenant's Trigger.dev API key) learns the friendlyId of a run belonging to another tenant - for example via leaked logs, shared references, or a predictable identifier. They call the api.v1.runs.$runParam.replay route with that friendlyId; because the lookup is not scoped to the caller's runtime environment, the victim's run is replayed into the attacker's own environment, exposing the victim's task payload. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, but the technique is trivial to reproduce once a valid target friendlyId is known.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 21, 2026

Cross-tenant run replay in Trigger.dev versions before 4.5.0 allows any authenticated tenant holding a valid API key to replay another customer's run into their own runtime environment and read the victim's task payload. The api.v1.runs.$runParam.replay route resolves runs by friendlyId alone without scoping the lookup to the caller's environment, so exploitation requires knowledge of the victim's specific friendlyId rather than being broadly enumerable. Impact is bounded to confidentiality (payload disclosure, no integrity or availability effect) and is most relevant in shared or multi-tenant hosted deployments; the vendor has released a fix in 4.5.0, and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade Trigger.dev to 4.5.0 or later, which scopes the replay route lookup to the caller's runtime environment; confirm the running version after upgrade and re-test the replay endpoint with a key from a second tenant to verify cross-tenant access is denied. Where an immediate upgrade is not possible, block or restrict external access to the /api/v1/runs/*/replay path at the reverse proxy or API gateway - this is effective because it removes the entire vulnerable code path, but it disables legitimate replay functionality for all tenants and may break operator tooling that depends on it. As a second compensating control, rotate all tenant API keys and issue narrowly scoped, per-environment keys (avoiding shared or long-lived keys across environments), which shrinks the population of credentials able to reach the route but does not remediate the underlying missing authorization check. Review Trigger.dev logs for replay calls where the requested run ID originated from a different environment than the calling key, and treat any such match as evidence of payload disclosure. Advisory references: https://github.com/triggerdotdev/trigger.dev/security/advisories/GHSA-9fq3-68cw-r7p2 and https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/trigger-dev-before-4.5.0-cross-tenant-run-payload-disclosure-via-api-replay-route.

Affected VersionsENISA

trigger.dev 0 <4.5.0

Affected Packages

euvd trigger_dev fix: 4.5.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Trigger.dev is a background-jobs and workflow platform in which each tenant operates inside its own runtime environment, with runs addressed by human-readable friendlyId values and accessed programmatically through the api.v1.runs REST surface. The replay endpoint (api.v1.runs.$runParam.replay) is an IDOR-class authorization flaw (CWE-639, Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key): the handler performs the run lookup using the caller-supplied friendlyId as the sole selector and never verifies that the resolved run belongs to the API key's environment, so any valid tenant credential can act as a cross-tenant read primitive once a target identifier is known. The upstream CVSS 4.0 vector (6.0, AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L) and the independently assessed CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) agree on the threat model: network reachable, requires an authenticated low-privilege API key (PR:L), no user interaction, and high confidentiality impact limited to the single scope. The AT:P / AC:H factor captures the practical constraint that friendlyId values are not sequentially enumerable by default, so the attacker must obtain a valid victim identifier by other means.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 6.0 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 5.3 MEDIUM

AV:N remote API; PR:L needs a valid tenant API key; AC:H reflects the required knowledge of a non-enumerable victim friendlyId; confidentiality-only (C:H, I/A:N).

3.1 AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
Present
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
None
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

1
Patch available
Oct 21, 2026 - 02:01 EUVD

DescriptionCVE.org

Trigger.dev before 4.5.0 looks up runs by friendlyId alone in the api.v1.runs.$runParam.replay route without scoping the lookup to the caller's runtime environment. An attacker holding any tenant's API key who knows a victim's run friendlyId can replay that run into their own environment and read the victim's task payload.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 87% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche developer background-jobs/orchestration platform, limited broad enterprise footprint
Data Quality
4 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

30
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +30
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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