Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessEstablish/leverage BGP session with target
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DeliveryCraft optional non-transitive BGP update
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ExploitSend update over established session
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ExecutionTrigger disallowed-input flaw in RPD
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PersistRPD crashes and restarts
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ImpactRouting reconvergence delay and traffic loss
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation completeness
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires (1) the target Junos OS / Junos OS Evolved device to be deployed in a BGP traffic-engineering scenario, and (2) an already-established BGP session between the attacker and the device over which the crafted, valid, optional non-transitive BGP update is received. Limiting factors: the attacker must be an adjacent BGP peer or able to inject into an existing session (AV:A), so arbitrary remote/internet exploitation is not possible; devices not configured for BGP traffic engineering are not affected; and impact is a self-recovering RPD restart (R:A) causing temporary traffic loss during reconvergence rather than persistent compromise. Although CVSS encodes PR:N, the practical requirement of an established BGP peering relationship meaningfully constrains who can exploit this. |
| Impact | This is a genuine but conditional priority, not an overhyped high-CVSS finding. The CVSS 4.0 score of 7.1 (High) reflects an adjacent attack vector (AV:A), low complexity (AC:L), no privileges (PR:N), and high availability impact to the vulnerable system (VA:H) with low subsequent-system availability impact (SA:L) - consistent with an RPD crash that disrupts routing/traffic until reconvergence. The vector also encodes AU:Y (automatable) and R:A (automatic recovery, since RPD restarts on its own), meaning a single crafted update reliably triggers the condition but the daemon self-heals, so impact is a transient-but-repeatable outage rather than permanent compromise. No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public POC was provided in the input, so exploitation status is: no public exploit identified at time of analysis. The decisive mitigating signal is PR:N being technically true yet practically gated - exploitation requires an already-established BGP session with the target and a BGP traffic-engineering configuration, so the realistic attacker is a BGP peer or someone who can inject into an existing session, not an arbitrary internet host. There are no conflicting signals: the adjacent vector and the 'established BGP session' precondition in the description agree. Treat as a priority patch for operators running BGP TE, lower priority for devices without BGP TE configured. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker positioned as (or able to inject into) an established BGP peer of a Junos device running a traffic-engineering configuration sends a single specific, valid, optional non-transitive BGP update over the session. RPD parses the disallowed input, crashes, and automatically restarts, dropping routing adjacencies and disrupting traffic until the network reconverges. No public exploit code was identified at time of analysis, and the attack is automatable (AU:Y), so it can be repeated to cause sustained flapping. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv3 – Oct 14, 2026
Denial-of-service in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to crash the routing protocol daemon (rpd) on an affected device that is deployed in a BGP traffic-engineering scenario, simply by delivering a single valid, optional, non-transitive BGP update over an already-established BGP session. The crash triggers an automatic rpd restart, so the impact is a temporary loss of routing and forwarding until the control plane reconverges rather than persistent compromise, and exploitation is practical only for an adjacent BGP peer or an attacker able to inject into an existing session - arbitrary internet-based exploitation is not possible. Affected releases include all Junos OS versions before 23.2R2-S6 as well as the 23.4, 24.2, 24.4 and 25.2 branches, plus the corresponding Junos OS Evolved releases; vendor patches are available via JSA112168, and no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) was identified at the time of analysis.
Earlier versions of this analysis (2)
Denial-of-service in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved lets a BGP-adjacent, unauthenticated attacker crash rpd by sending a specific, valid, optional, non-transitive BGP update inside an established BGP traffic-engineering session, causing the daemon to restart and disrupting traffic until routing reconverges. Only devices configured for a BGP traffic-engineering scenario and already holding an accepted BGP peering relationship with the attacker are affected; arbitrary internet attackers without a session cannot trigger it, and impact is limited to availability rather than data compromise. No public exploit code or confirmed in-the-wild exploitation was identified at time of analysis, though vendor patches are available for all listed Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved branches.
An adjacent, unauthenticated attacker with an established BGP session can crash the routing protocol daemon (rpd) in Juniper Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved by sending a specific, valid, optional, non-transitive BGP update in a traffic-engineering scenario, causing a denial-of-service condition until routing reconverges. Affected versions include all before 23.2R2-S6, 23.4 before 23.4R2-S7, 24.2 before 24.2R2-S4, 24.4 before 24.4R2-S4, and 25.2 before 25.2R1-S2/25.2R2 for Junos OS, with corresponding Evolved versions. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis; CVSS score is 6.5 (availability impact only).
RemediationAI
Upgrade to a vendor-fixed release: for Junos OS, 23.2R2-S6 or later, 23.4R2-S7 or later, 24.2R2-S4 or later, 24.4R2-S4 or later, or 25.2R1-S2 / 25.2R2 or later; for Junos OS Evolved, 23.2R2-S6-EVO or later, 23.4R2-S8.11-EVO or later, 24.2R2-S4-EVO or later, 24.4R2-S5-EVO or later, or 25.2R1-S2-EVO / 25.2R2-EVO or later (see https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA112168; patch availability is confirmed by the vendor). Because the trigger is a valid, optional non-transitive BGP attribute rather than a malformed packet, there is no reliable data-plane or signature-based workaround, so the practical compensating controls are peer-centric: restrict BGP peering to explicitly trusted adjacent peers and enforce session authentication (TCP-MD5 or TCP-AO) plus TTL-security/GTSM so that only directly connected, legitimate peers can send updates into the session - the trade-off is that these controls do not stop a compromised or malicious configured peer and require key management. Where BGP traffic engineering is not operationally required, removing the BGP-TE configuration eliminates exposure at the cost of losing TE-driven path selection, and inbound policy that discards unnecessary optional attributes can reduce (but not fully eliminate) risk since the attribute is legitimate and may be consumed by the TE feature. Operators should also ensure routing-engine redundancy features such as NSR/GRES are enabled where supported, since they shorten the reconvergence window caused by the automatic rpd restart, while accepting the additional control-plane state and configuration complexity they introduce.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-184 (Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs) in the Junos routing protocol daemon: rpd does not correctly handle or reject a specific instance of a legitimate, optional, non-transitive BGP path attribute used in BGP traffic-engineering scenarios (the optional non-transitive TE attribute class, rather than a malformed packet), so a syntactically valid update passes normal protocol validation and then drives the daemon into a fault that terminates the process. Because the triggering input is a valid BGP update rather than a malformed one, attribute-sanitization and "bad packet" filtering provide limited protection and the exposure is really governed by who is allowed to peer with the device. The vendor rates this CVSS 4.0 7.1 (AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N, VA:H, SA:L, safely-defendable), while our independent assessment scores it CVSS 3.1 6.5 (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H): availability-only impact with no confidentiality or integrity effect and self-recovering behavior (R:A), although PR:N is qualified in practice by the need for an established BGP session. Affected CPEs are juniper_networks:junos_os and juniper_networks:junos_os_evolved, both recorded with wildcard versions, reflecting impact across the entire affected release families.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L/AU:Y/R:A/RE:M
Adjacent BGP peer with established session (AV:A, PR:N as no formal auth), low complexity to send the update, availability-only impact (A:H) from RPD crash; scope unchanged as impact is device routing.
Primary rating from Vendor (juniper).
CVSS VectorVendor: juniper
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
An Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS).
When in a BGP traffic engineering scenario a specific, valid, optional, non-transitive BGP update is received over an established BGP session, RPD crashes and automatically restarts, which leads to traffic impact until routing has reconverged.
This issue affects: Junos OS:
- All versions before 23.2R2-S6;
- 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S7;
- 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S4;
- 24.4 versions before 24.4R2-S4;
- 25.2 versions before 25.2R1-S2, 25.2R2;
Junos OS Evolved:
- All versions before 23.2R2-S6-EVO;
- 23.4 versions before 23.4R2-S8.11-EVO;
- 24.2 versions before 24.2R2-S4-EVO;
- 24.4 versions before 24.4R2-S5-EVO;
- 25.2 versions before 25.2R1-S2-EVO, 25.2R2-EVO;
Executive ViewAI
A high-severity availability flaw in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an attacker positioned on an adjacent BGP peer, or able to inject into an already-established BGP session, to crash the routing protocol daemon with a single crafted BGP update on systems configured for BGP traffic engineering. The daemon restarts automatically, so the outcome is a temporary but organization-wide loss of routing and forwarding until the control plane reconverges, rather than a data breach or persistent compromise. Leadership should care because the affected routers concentrate connectivity for downstream business services, meaning a single external peer with an established session can trigger repeated, disruptive network outages across all traffic that transits the affected devices.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
OS command injection in the phcd phone-home daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved lets an adjacent, u
Unauthenticated remote code execution with root privileges affects Juniper Networks Junos OS devices that expose the J-W
Heap-based buffer overflow in the sdxd service-deployment daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allow
A stack-based buffer overflow in the srxpfe packet forwarding process of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series devices
Unauthenticated remote code execution with elevated privileges is possible in Juniper Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved thro
Remote root code execution in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Junos OS is reachable through protocol-valid
Remote code execution (on Junos OS) and rpd denial of service (on Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved) result from a stack-bas
Remote code execution with root privileges on Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved is possible when the routin
Remote code execution and denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved arise from a stack-based b
Unauthenticated remote attackers can gain root-level configuration access and fully compromise Juniper Junos OS and Juno
Integer underflow in the Junos OS kernel can crash a device when the Extended Echo feature (RFC 8335 ICMP probing) is co
Heap-based buffer overflow in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series devices that have Secure Vector Routing (SVR) enab
EUVD-2026-101454
GHSA-457r-m358-cv7v
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB