Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessEstablish/compromise BGP peering session
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DeliveryAdvertise LLGR-stale route update
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ExploitRoute readvertised to non-LLGR peer group
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ExecutionImproper initialization triggers rpd fault
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Persistrpd daemon crashes
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ImpactRouting disruption / device DoS
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Proper initialization
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| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the target Junos OS / Junos OS Evolved device to be running BGP with Long-Lived Graceful Restart (LLGR) in a topology where an LLGR-stale route is readvertised to a peer group that is NOT configured for LLGR - this mixed LLGR/non-LLGR peer-group configuration is the specific trigger condition. The attacker must be, or must control, an established BGP peer able to inject the LLGR-stale route update (so there is an implicit adjacency/topology prerequisite despite the PR:N rating). Limiting factors: no impact on devices without BGP configured, without LLGR in use, or without the stale route crossing into a non-LLGR peer group; impact is limited to availability (rpd crash and routing disruption), with no data exposure or code execution. |
| Impact | This is a genuine high-priority availability issue for networks that run BGP on Juniper gear, but the signals are mixed and should be read carefully. The vendor-supplied CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N) scores 8.7 and rates this as network-reachable, low-complexity, and requiring no privileges or user interaction, with the only impact being high availability loss (VA:H / A-equivalent) and a low subsequent-system availability impact (SA:L) reflecting routing disruption - confidentiality and integrity are explicitly N, so this is a pure denial-of-service (CWE-665 Improper Initialization leading to an rpd crash). The PR:N rating is technically correct in that no device credentials are needed, but it understates a real limiting factor: the attacker must be a configured, established BGP peer (or be able to source an LLGR-stale route that reaches the target), so exploitation presupposes an existing BGP adjacency or a compromised/malicious neighbor rather than arbitrary Internet-wide access. No EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public exploit were provided, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation; the risk is therefore driven by severity and reachability rather than by observed in-the-wild activity. Net assessment: treat as a real patch priority for BGP-speaking Junos/Junos Evolved deployments (rpd crash can disrupt all routing on the device), but it is not a mass-exploitation or remote-code-execution scenario - it is a conditional, peer-dependent DoS. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who controls or has compromised a BGP peer of a vulnerable Junos/Junos OS Evolved router advertises a route carrying an LLGR (Long-Lived Graceful Restart) stale marking. When the receiving router readvertises that LLGR-stale route to a peer group that is not configured for LLGR, improper initialization in rpd triggers a daemon crash, dropping BGP sessions and disrupting routing. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the attacker must already be a BGP peer, so this is low-complexity but peer-dependent. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv3 – Oct 14, 2026
A malformed or misdirected BGP route update can crash the routing protocol daemon (rpd) on Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved, taking down the control plane that maintains routing state across the device. The trigger is narrow but fully remote: a Long-Lived Graceful Restart (LLGR) stale route that is readvertised into a peer group that has not negotiated LLGR causes rpd to hit an improper-initialization condition (CWE-665) and abort. Per the CVSS vector the issue is unauthenticated (PR:N) on the network (AV:N) with high availability impact only, but the attacker must control or be an established BGP peer able to inject the stale route, so an existing adjacency is a practical prerequisite. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the flaw is not confirmed as actively exploited (no CISA KEV listing); Juniper has released fixed software per advisory JSA112187, making this a patch-now availability risk for BGP-running fleets rather than an emergency.
Earlier versions of this analysis (2)
Denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a remote BGP peer to crash the routing protocol daemon (rpd) by readvertising an LLGR-stale route to a configured non-LLGR peer group. The assessed vector is network-reachable and unauthenticated at the protocol level (PR:N), but exploitation is bounded to an established BGP adjacency and a specific mix of LLGR and non-LLGR peer-group configuration; this is a credible operational-availability risk rather than a confidentiality or integrity threat. No public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified in the provided intelligence at time of analysis.
Denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a remote BGP peer to crash the routing protocol daemon (rpd) by readvertising a Long-Lived Graceful Restart (LLGR) stale route into a peer group that is not configured for LLGR. The impact is availability-only (CVSS 3.1 base 7.5, A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity effect: routing on the affected device can be disrupted until rpd restarts. The CVSS vector rates the issue network-reachable and unauthenticated (AV:N/PR:N), but exploitation in practice requires an established BGP peering session with a configured neighbor plus a mixed LLGR/non-LLGR peer-group topology, so this is a genuine but bounded denial-of-service issue rather than a top-tier emergency. No public exploit code and no confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) were identified at time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to the fixed Junos OS or Junos OS Evolved service release identified in Juniper advisory JSA112187 (https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA112187) - for Junos OS this means 23.2R2-S7.7, 23.4R2-S8.13, 24.2R2-S5.5, 24.4R2-S5, 25.2R2-S2, 25.4R1-S3 or 26.2R1-S2 and later, and for Junos OS Evolved the corresponding 23.2R2-S7.7-EVO, 23.4R2-S8.11-EVO, 24.2R2-S5.6-EVO, 24.4R2-S5-EVO, 25.2R2-S2-EVO, 25.4R1-S3-EVO and 26.2R1-S2-EVO builds, with the special releases patched via 25.4X300-D40-EVO and 25.2X100-D35-EVO. If an immediate upgrade is not possible, the most direct compensating control is to eliminate the trigger topology: remove the LLGR capability from peer groups or, at minimum, ensure that peer groups which could carry renewed LLGR-stale routes are separated from non-LLGR peer groups so stale routes are never re-advertised across that boundary - the trade-off is loss of long-lived graceful restart resilience during peer restarts. Alternatively, disable LLGR entirely (at the cost of faster route withdrawal and potentially longer reconvergence during maintenance), or restrict BGP peering to a tightly controlled set of trusted, explicitly configured neighbors with filtering to drop unexpected re-advertised stale routes; these are mitigating measures only, since they narrow reachability of the trigger rather than fixing the improper initialization in rpd. Monitor rpd core files and unexpected BGP session flaps as an indicator of attempted triggering, and note that no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV entry confirms active exploitation.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected component is rpd, the routing protocol daemon in Juniper's Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved (CPE cpe:2.3:a:juniper_networks:junos_os and cpe:2.3:a:juniper_networks:junos_os_evolved), the process that speaks BGP and owns the routing information base. The root cause is class CWE-665, Improper Initialization: when an LLGR-stale route is re-advertised from an LLGR-enabled peer group into a peer group that did not negotiate Long-Lived Graceful Restart (the BGP capability standardized in RFC 9494 as an extension of graceful restart, allowing a restarting speaker's routes to be retained as stale for a much longer period), rpd does not correctly initialize the per-route/per-advertisement state expected on the non-LLGR path. The resulting internal inconsistency leads to a daemon abort rather than any data-integrity or confidentiality consequence: the CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N, VC:N/VI:N/VA:H, SC:N/SI:N/SA:L) and our independent CVSS 3.1 assessment (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) both converge on a pure availability impact. The decisive environmental factor is configuration, not exploit sophistication: a device must run BGP, must have LLGR in use somewhere, and must have a mixed topology where the stale route crosses into a non-LLGR peer group.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:L
Network-reachable rpd crash triggered by a BGP update needing no device credentials (PR:N) or interaction; pure availability loss, so C:N/I:N/A:H and scope unchanged.
Primary rating from Vendor (juniper).
CVSS VectorVendor: juniper
Lifecycle Timeline
3DescriptionCVE.org
An Improper Initialization vulnerability in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows a remote BGP peer to cause an rpd crash via an LLGR-stale route update readvertised to a configured non-LLGR peer group.
Executive ViewAI
Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved systems running BGP face a high-severity availability risk: a crafted route update from an established BGP peer can crash the routing protocol daemon and disrupt the control plane that maintains routing state. The flaw is remotely triggerable and unauthenticated per CVSS, but it requires an existing or attacker-controlled BGP adjacency in practice, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Leadership should prioritize patching BGP-running Juniper fleets because a successful trigger could cause routing instability, partner-facing outages, or loss of network availability in production, data center, or WAN environments.
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Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
OS command injection in the phcd phone-home daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved lets an adjacent, u
Unauthenticated remote code execution with root privileges affects Juniper Networks Junos OS devices that expose the J-W
Heap-based buffer overflow in the sdxd service-deployment daemon of Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allow
A stack-based buffer overflow in the srxpfe packet forwarding process of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series devices
Unauthenticated remote code execution with elevated privileges is possible in Juniper Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved thro
Remote root code execution in the routing protocol daemon (rpd) of Juniper Junos OS is reachable through protocol-valid
Remote code execution (on Junos OS) and rpd denial of service (on Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved) result from a stack-bas
Remote code execution with root privileges on Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved is possible when the routin
Remote code execution and denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved arise from a stack-based b
Unauthenticated remote attackers can gain root-level configuration access and fully compromise Juniper Junos OS and Juno
Integer underflow in the Junos OS kernel can crash a device when the Extended Echo feature (RFC 8335 ICMP probing) is co
Heap-based buffer overflow in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series devices that have Secure Vector Routing (SVR) enab
EUVD-2026-101448
GHSA-wh22-h2gr-fvpm
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB