Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessHost malicious media file
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ExploitLure victim to open content
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ExecutionTrigger stack buffer overflow in codec parser
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ImpactCrash application/service (denial of service)
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the Windows Codecs Library to process an attacker-supplied, malformed media file, and (per UI:R) requires victim interaction such as opening, previewing, or rendering that file in an application that invokes the codec. No authentication is required (PR:N) and the attack is network-deliverable (AV:N, e.g. web/email/messaging delivery), but the mandatory user-interaction step is the primary limiting factor and prevents unattended remote exploitation. Impact is limited to denial of service (A:H only); there is no confidentiality or integrity impact and no indication of code execution. Applies to default configurations of affected Windows client and server versions listed in EUVD-2026-100354 that use the vulnerable codec component. |
| Impact | This is a moderate, availability-only issue (CVSS 6.5, A:H with C:N/I:N) - a denial of service, not code execution, so it is a resilience/uptime concern rather than a breach vector. The CVSS vector (AV:N, AC:L, PR:N) favors the attacker in that it is network-reachable, low-complexity, and requires no authentication, but UI:R is the critical limiter: a user must interact (typically opening or previewing a malicious media file processed by the Codecs Library), which rules out fully wormable, drive-by, unauthenticated mass exploitation. No EPSS score was provided, the CVE is NOT on CISA KEV, and no public POC was indicated, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis - all three exploitation-likelihood signals are either absent or negative. Net assessment: this is a patch-on-normal-cycle item, not an emergency; the ubiquity of Windows raises the aggregate exposure, but the availability-only impact plus required user interaction keep real-world priority modest. No signals conflict; the main gap is the absence of EPSS and any exploit-maturity data. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker crafts a malformed media file (image or video) that triggers a stack-based buffer overflow when parsed by the Windows Codecs Library, and delivers it via a web page, email attachment, or chat where the victim opens or previews it. Because UI:R applies, the victim must interact with the content; successful triggering crashes the affected application or service, causing a denial of service. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026
Denial of service in Microsoft's Windows Codecs Library affects default installations of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 when an application invokes the vulnerable codec to parse a malformed media file. The defect is a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121) that is network-deliverable and requires no authentication (AV:N/PR:N), but it is gated by mandatory victim interaction (UI:R) such as opening, previewing, or rendering the crafted file, which prevents unattended remote exploitation. Impact is availability-only (A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity effect and no confirmed code execution; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, the issue is not in CISA KEV, and Microsoft has released fixes. This is a moderate resilience/uptime concern rather than a breach vector.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch is available per Microsoft's advisory at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-102199 - apply the latest cumulative update for each affected build so that the platform reaches or exceeds the fixed boundaries recorded in EUVD-2026-100354 (for example 10.0.19044.7807 for Windows 10 21H2/22H2, 10.0.17763.9376 for Windows Server 2019/Windows 10 1809, 10.0.14393.9612 for Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10 1607, 10.0.20348.5761 for Windows Server 2022, 10.0.26100.33650 for Windows Server 2025, 10.0.22631.7652 for Windows 11 23H2, and 10.0.26100.9711/10.0.26200.9711/10.0.28000.3231/10.0.26300.9711 for the Windows 11 24H2, 25H2, 26H1, and 26H2 branches respectively); these boundary builds are the patched levels per the affected-version data and should be validated against the MSRC update guide for the specific KB. If patching must be staged, the effective compensating controls are ones that reduce exposure of the codec parsing path to untrusted input: disable thumbnail/preview generation and media metadata rendering for untrusted sources (folder view options, Explorer preview pane, and shell thumbnail handlers), which raises usability cost for users browsing untrusted media; and enforce delivery-layer filtering so malformed media attachments and downloads are quarantined or converted before reaching a codec-invoking application, with the trade-off that content-type heuristics are imperfect and may miss repackaged files. Because exploitation requires a user to open or preview the file (UI:R) and does not grant code execution or data access, restricting administrative interaction with untrusted media and prioritizing patching on high-availability servers (RDP/RemoteApp hosts, terminal servers, and file/print roles where server-side previews or codec processing occur) yields the largest risk reduction; downgrading the codec attack surface via AppLocker/WDAC rules that block non-Microsoft or browser-invoked preview handlers is an additional but operationally intrusive measure.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 20 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The Windows Codecs Library is the component set that decodes and parses media formats (images and video) on behalf of Windows applications, shell preview handlers, thumbnails, and media frameworks. CVE-2026-102199 is a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121): when the codec processes an attacker-supplied, structurally malformed media file whose declared lengths or field values exceed the fixed-size stack buffer the parser writes into, memory adjacent to that buffer is corrupted. Because the corruption occurs on the stack, the practical outcome in this case is an unrecoverable fault that crashes or hangs the hosting process, matching the assessed vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H - network delivery (web, email, messaging, or file share) plus a single user interaction, with a whole-availability impact and no scope change. The CVSS profile explicitly records no confidentiality or integrity impact, and no data indicates the overflow is reliably steerable to code execution, so defenders should treat it as an availability/resilience defect rather than a remote code execution primitive. The overflow class is language-agnostic (native C/C++ parsing code) and typically recurs when the same input is fed to the same codec path, which is why untrusted media ingestion points are the relevant attack surface.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Network-delivered malicious media (AV:N, AC:L) needs no auth (PR:N) but requires the victim to open the file (UI:R); impact is DoS only, so C:N/I:N/A:H.
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Stack-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Codecs Library allows an unauthorized attacker to deny service over a network.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
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EUVD-2026-100354
GHSA-h339-97rw-v5rv
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB