Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessReach Windows Server for NFS over network
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DeliveryInduce required user interaction
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ExploitSend crafted NFS request
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ExecutionTrigger out-of-bounds read (CWE-125)
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PersistCorrupt memory and execute code
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ImpactCompromise host confidentiality/integrity/availability
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the target to be running the Windows Server 'Server for NFS' role/service, which is an optional, non-default feature - hosts without this role are not affected. Per the CVSS vector, no authentication is needed (PR:N) and the attack is network-based (AV:N/AC:L), but exploitation requires user interaction (UI:R), which constrains fully automated remote attack. Affected builds span Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (and Windows 10 1607/1809) below the patched revisions listed in EUVD (e.g., Server 2025 <10.0.26100.33650, Server 2022 <10.0.20348.5761); patched or non-NFS systems are not exploitable. |
| Impact | Signals conflict and should be weighed carefully. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R, C:H/I:H/A:H, score 8.8) indicates a network-reachable, unauthenticated flaw with high impact across confidentiality, integrity and availability, which argues for priority patching. However, CISA's SSVC assessment reports Exploitation: none and Automatable: no (despite Technical Impact: total), and no CISA KEV listing or public POC is present in the input - so there is no evidence of active or scalable exploitation at this time. A further tension exists between the CWE (CWE-125 out-of-bounds READ, typically an information-disclosure/memory-read primitive) and the description's claim of code execution; the 'Information Disclosure' tag aligns with the CWE while 'Buffer Overflow' and the RCE description imply a write/control-flow effect - the exact impact mechanism is not fully reconciled in the available data. No EPSS score was provided, so probabilistic exploitation likelihood cannot be factored in. Net: this is a genuinely high-severity, vendor-patched Windows Server flaw worth prompt remediation on affected hosts, but current intelligence points to a not-yet-exploited, non-automatable issue rather than a mass-exploitation emergency. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker lures or coerces interaction with a victim system running the Server for NFS role (consistent with UI:R) and sends crafted NFS protocol data that triggers an out-of-bounds read, corrupting memory state to achieve code execution over the network. No authentication is required (PR:N), but the required user interaction and the need for the NFS role to be present limit automated, widespread abuse. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026
An out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in Microsoft's Windows Server 'Server for NFS' role can be triggered by a remote, unauthenticated attacker sending crafted network requests, and Microsoft rates it as potentially leading to remote code execution with full confidentiality and integrity impact. The flaw affects the optional NFS server role across Windows Server 2012, 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, 2022 and 2025 as well as Windows 10 1607 and 1809 builds below the patched revisions, so hosts that have never installed the Server for NFS feature are not exposed. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA SSVC records exploitation as 'none' and automatable as 'no', which is consistent with the CVSS UI:R requirement for user interaction; the high base score (8.8) alongside those low exploitation signals is a conflict that defenders should weigh when prioritising, with patched builds available from Microsoft.
RemediationAI
Apply the Microsoft security update referenced in the MSRC advisory (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-88115); vendor-released fixes move each branch to Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.26434, Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.23470, Windows Server 2016 and Windows 10 1607 10.0.14393.9612, Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10 1809 10.0.17763.9376, Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.5761 and Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.33650 or later. Where the update cannot be deployed immediately, the most effective compensating control is to remove the Server for NFS role (Uninstall-WindowsFeature / Remove-WindowsFeature FS-NFS-Service) on any host that does not genuinely need to serve NFS - this eliminates the attack surface entirely, at the cost of breaking NFS file sharing for legitimate clients; for hosts that must keep the role, firewall-filter inbound TCP/UDP 2049 and the associated RPC ports so only trusted NFS client subnets can reach the service, accepting that this will not stop an attacker already inside the permitted network segment. Because the CVSS vector requires user interaction (UI:R), restricting or monitoring user-initiated mounts and connections to untrusted or external NFS shares reduces practical exposure, and legacy platforms past mainstream support (Server 2012/2012 R2) should be covered by Extended Security Updates or migrated. No workaround fully substitutes for the patch, since the out-of-bounds read occurs in normal protocol parsing rather than in a configurable feature.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 13 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The vulnerability is a CWE-125 out-of-bounds read in the Windows implementation of the Network File System (NFS) server, exposed through the optional 'Server for NFS' role rather than being present in a default Windows installation. RFC-defined NFS services listen on TCP/UDP 2049 and communicate over ONC RPC, so parsing malformed or oversized NFS/RPC requests is sufficient to reach the vulnerable code path; an OOB read of this class typically discloses adjacent heap or stack memory (hence the Information Disclosure and Buffer Overflow tags) but Microsoft's advisory classifies the worst-case outcome as code execution with high confidentiality, integrity and availability impact. The CVSS 3.1 vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H indicates the attack is network-reachable with no privileges required, but the UI:R component means some form of user interaction (for example a user-initiated connection to or mounting of an attacker-influenced NFS resource) is needed before the vulnerable parsing occurs, which is why CISA's SSVC assessment marks the issue as not automatable and with no observed exploitation. Version coverage in the EUVD data spans a decade of builds (Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.x through Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.x), reflecting a code path that has been carried forward across the legacy and modern NFS stacks.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Network-reachable NFS service with no authentication (PR:N) but required user interaction (UI:R); out-of-bounds read enabling code execution yields high C/I/A on an unchanged scope.
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Out-of-bounds read in Windows Server for NFS allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Executive ViewAI
A memory-safety defect in Microsoft's optional 'Server for NFS' role leaves affected Windows Server 2012 through 2025 systems, plus Windows 10 1607/1809 builds, open to a crafted network request that could compromise data confidentiality and integrity and, per Microsoft's rating, escalate to remote code execution. Only hosts that have deliberately installed the NFS server role are exposed, so the blast radius is limited to file-sharing infrastructure and any Windows 10 endpoints running it, rather than the general server estate. Leadership should care because the affected systems are typically file-services tier assets, yet there is currently no public exploit code and no observed exploitation, making this a scheduled-patch priority rather than an emergency.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
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EUVD-2026-100092
GHSA-x9gh-c2fc-xcrw
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB