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Windows Installer EUVDEUVD-2026-100068

| CVE-2026-85941 HIGH
Race Condition (CWE-362)
2026-10-13 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-m2qv-4w92-w6mj
7.0
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain local authenticated foothold (PR:L)
  2. Exploit
    Trigger concurrent Windows Installer operations
  3. Execution
    Win race window on shared resource
  4. Impact
    Execute code with SYSTEM privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Concurrency control, locking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already have local, authenticated access to the host with at least low-privilege rights (PR:L, AV:L) - there is no remote or unauthenticated vector. The core prerequisite is winning a race condition in Windows Installer's handling of a shared resource during concurrent execution, which per CVSS AC:H is timing-dependent and not reliably reproducible on a single attempt. No user interaction is required (UI:N). The principal limiting factors are the need for a local account on the target, the probabilistic high-complexity race window that may demand many attempts, and reduced exposure on single-user systems where an attacker gaining SYSTEM adds little beyond existing control.

Impact

This is a moderate-severity local privilege escalation (CVSS 7.0) in Windows Installer driven by a race condition (CWE-362). The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) tells a consistent story: the attacker must already be local and authenticated (PR:L), and high attack complexity (AC:H) reflects the timing-dependent nature of winning the race, which is the single biggest factor limiting real-world weaponization. If the race is won, impact is full (C:H/I:H/A:H), consistent with SYSTEM-level escalation. No EPSS score, SSVC decision, KEV listing, or POC indicator was provided in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The absence of these exploitation signals, combined with AC:H, places this below internet-facing or wormable flaws in priority: it is a credible post-compromise/local-escalation primitive rather than an initial-access emergency. Treat it as standard Patch-Tuesday-tier remediation for an EoP - important on multi-user and shared hosts, lower urgency on single-user endpoints - rather than a drop-everything issue. Note: the input 'Information Disclosure' tag only partially aligns with a race-condition EoP; the C:H confidentiality impact makes it defensible but the primary consequence per the description is privilege elevation, not disclosure.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A low-privileged but authenticated user on a Windows host runs a local tool that repeatedly triggers Windows Installer operations while racing a concurrent action against a shared resource, aiming to win a narrow timing window. Because attack complexity is high (AC:H), success is probabilistic and may require many attempts, but a win yields SYSTEM-level privileges. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026

Local privilege escalation in Windows Installer (CVSS 7.0) lets an attacker who already holds low-privilege, local access on a Windows host escalate to SYSTEM by winning a race condition in the service's handling of a shared resource during concurrent execution. The flaw is CWE-362 and carries AC:H in the assessed vector, so the timing window is narrow and exploitation may require repeated attempts; no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis. Microsoft has published fixed builds for the affected Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server releases via the MSRC update guide for CVE-2026-85941, making prompt patching the definitive mitigation.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor-released patches with these exact fixed builds: Windows 10 21H2/22H2 to 10.0.19044.7807, Windows 10 1607/Server 2016 to 10.0.14393.9612, Windows 10 1809/Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.9376, Server 2012 to 6.2.9200.26434, Server 2012 R2 to 6.3.9600.23470, Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5761, Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33650, Windows 11 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7652, 24H2 to 10.0.26100.9711, 25H2 to 10.0.26200.9711, 26H1 to 10.0.28000.3231, and 26H2 to 10.0.26300.9711; see https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85941. Because exploitation requires an existing low-privilege local account and a timing-dependent race (AC:H), compensating controls should focus on shrinking that prerequisite until patching completes: audit and minimize local and RDP logon rights on multi-user hosts and terminal servers, remove or disable unused local accounts, and enforce least privilege so fewer principals can initiate Windows Installer transactions. Where operationally acceptable, application control (WDAC/AppLocker) or Windows Installer policy restrictions that limit msiexec execution by unprivileged users reduce the attack surface, at the trade-off of breaking legitimate user-driven MSI deployments and self-service installs. Enabling Windows Installer logging and monitoring for unexpected msiexec.exe child processes or elevation into SYSTEM provides detection value but does not prevent the race from being won, and no user-facing workaround substitutes for applying the fixed builds.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

CVE-2026-85941 is a race condition (CWE-362, concurrent execution using a shared resource with improper synchronization) inside Windows Installer - the msiexec.exe / msiserver component that performs privileged installation, repair, rollback and removal transactions, including file placement, registry writes and rollback-script execution, on behalf of calling processes. Because the installer service operates with high privilege while accepting requests from lower-privileged callers, a timing flaw that allows operations on a shared resource to be interleaved can be leveraged so that a privileged step executes under attacker control, producing local privilege escalation. The assessed vector CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H confirms the attack surface is local-only (AV:L), requires the attacker to already possess low-privilege credentials on the target (PR:L), needs no user interaction (UI:N), and is high-complexity (AC:H) because success depends on reliably hitting the race window, potentially across many attempts. Impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability is rated high within the same security scope (S:U). Affected builds span Windows 10 21H2/22H2 and 1607/1809, Windows 11 23H2/24H2/25H2/26H1/26H2, and Windows Server 2012/2012 R2/2016/2019/2022/2025, including Server Core installations. Exposure is greatest on multi-user, RDP/terminal-server style hosts where an unprivileged local user gaining SYSTEM materially changes their control of the machine.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.0 HIGH
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.0 HIGH

Local authenticated attacker (AV:L/PR:L) exploiting a timing-dependent race (AC:H) with no user interaction, yielding full SYSTEM-level compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H) within the same scope (S:U).

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
HIGH 7.0

DescriptionCVE.org

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Installer allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Windows Installer on Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server carries a privilege-escalation flaw that lets an attacker who already holds a low-privilege local foothold on a host elevate to full SYSTEM control, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Because the flaw only compounds access already obtained, the organizational risk is that a single compromised user account or workstation can be converted into complete control of that machine, enabling credential theft and lateral movement into higher-value systems. Leadership should treat this as a containment and patch-priority issue for servers and any endpoint where untrusted or line-of-business users hold local logon rights.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 90% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Windows Installer ships in every supported Windows client and server
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation More Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

35
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +35
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Race conditions occur when multiple concurrent requests exploit the brief time gap between checking a condition and acting upon it (TOCTOU - Time of Check, Time of Use).

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