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Mbed Tls EUVDEUVD-2025-20082

| CVE-2025-52497 MEDIUM
Off-by-one Error (CWE-193)
2025-07-04 cve@mitre.org
4.8
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Off-by-one prevention
Impact

CVSS 4.8. EPSS 0.1%. Vendor patch available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker could exploit this vulnerability in Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 to compromise the security of affected deployments, potentially impacting confidentiality, integrity, or availability.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 16, 2026

A security vulnerability in Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 (CVSS 4.8). Remediation should follow standard vulnerability management procedures. Vendor patch is available.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)
v1 Mar 16, 2026 - 02:42 CVSS 4.8

Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 has a PEM parsing one-byte heap-based buffer underflow, in mbedtls_pem_read_buffer and two mbedtls_pk_parse functions, via untrusted PEM input.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor-supplied patch immediately.

Affected VersionsENISA

mbedtls 0 <3.6.4

Affected Packages

euvd mbedtls fix: 3.6.4

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 1 package in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Vulnerability type not specified by vendor. Affects Mbed TLS before 3.6.4.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.8 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L
Ubuntu MEDIUM
SUSE MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch released
Mar 25, 2026 - 20:47 nvd
Patch available
CVE Published
Jul 04, 2025 - 15:15 nvd
MEDIUM 4.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 has a PEM parsing one-byte heap-based buffer underflow, in mbedtls_pem_read_buffer and two mbedtls_pk_parse functions, via untrusted PEM input.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-52497 rated CVSS 4.8. Exploitation could compromise the security of affected deployments. A patch is available and should be applied during regular vulnerability management.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: restrict network access and enable monitoring.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 80% exploitable
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

24
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +24
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

CVE-2021-44732 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 20

Mbed TLS before 3.0.1 has a double free in certain out-of-memory conditions, as demonstrated by an mbedtls_ssl_set_sessi

CVE-2022-35409 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Jul 15

An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS before 2.28.1 and 3.x before 3.2.0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1), this vulnera

CVE-2017-2784 HIGH POC
8.1 Apr 20

An exploitable free of a stack pointer vulnerability exists in the x509 certificate parsing code of ARM mbed TLS before

CVE-2025-52496 HIGH POC
7.8 Jul 04

Mbed TLS before 3.6.4 has a race condition in AESNI detection if certain compiler optimizations occur. An attacker may b

CVE-2023-45199 CRITICAL
9.8 Oct 07

Mbed TLS 3.2.x through 3.4.x before 3.5 has a Buffer Overflow that can lead to remote Code execution. Rated critical sev

CVE-2024-23744 HIGH POC
7.5 Jan 21

An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS 3.5.1. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n

CVE-2024-49195 CRITICAL
9.8

Alpine Linux: mbedtls fixed in 3.6.2-r0

CVE-2022-46393 CRITICAL
9.8 Dec 15

An issue was discovered in Mbed TLS before 2.28.2 and 3.x before 3.3.0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnera

CVE-2024-45158 CRITICAL
9.8

Alpine Linux: mbedtls fixed in 3.6.1-r0

CVE-2024-45159 CRITICAL
9.8

Alpine Linux: mbedtls fixed in 3.6.1-r0

CVE-2026-34877 CRITICAL
9.8 Apr 02

Mbed TLS versions 2.19.0 through 3.6.5 and 4.0.0 allow remote code execution through memory corruption when attackers mo

CVE-2018-0488 CRITICAL
9.8 Feb 13

ARM mbed TLS before 1.3.22, before 2.1.10, and before 2.7.0, when the truncated HMAC extension and CBC are used, allows

Vendor StatusVendor

Ubuntu

Priority: Medium
mbedtls
Release Status Version
oracular ignored end of life, was needs-triage
bionic needed -
focal needed -
jammy needed -
noble needed -
upstream released 3.6.4
xenial needed -
plucky ignored end of life, was needed
questing needed -

Debian

Bug #1108786
mbedtls
Release Status Fixed Version Urgency
bullseye fixed 2.16.9-0.1+deb11u2 -
bullseye (security) fixed 2.16.9-0.1+deb11u3 -
bookworm vulnerable 2.28.3-1 -
trixie fixed 3.6.5-0.1~deb13u1 -
forky, sid fixed 3.6.5-0.1 -
(unstable) fixed 3.6.4-1 -

SUSE

Severity: Medium

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