Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessExtract hard-coded SSH host keys from firmware
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DeliveryDeploy rogue SSH server with trusted keys
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ExploitGain man-in-the-middle position on network path
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ExecutionClient connects and trusts spoofed server
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ImpactIntercept SSH credentials and tamper with session
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
ASVS 5.0
V11 - Cryptography Key management, no hard-coded keys
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Two concrete prerequisites, both required: (1) the attacker must extract the static SSH host keys from the mH-DEVELOPER firmware - feasible because every device ships the same non-per-device keys; and (2) the attacker must occupy a man-in-the-middle position on the network path between an SSH client and the device (reflected in the CVSS 4.0 AT:P attack requirement), e.g., via LAN ARP/DNS spoofing or an intercepted route. No credentials or user interaction are needed once these hold. Exploitation is limited to affected firmware before version 3.0.30; devices upgraded to 3.0.30 (which introduces proper key handling) are not vulnerable. The on-path requirement is the main factor that reduces real-world risk relative to the network attack vector. |
| Impact | This is a moderate, on-path-dependent flaw rather than a mass-exploitable one. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N, base 6.3) is internally consistent with the description: no authentication is required (PR:N), but the AT:P (attack requirement, Present) captures the key limiter - the attacker must both extract the shared firmware host keys AND achieve a man-in-the-middle position on the network path between a client and the device. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or POC is present in the input, so all three exploitation-likelihood signals are absent or negative. There is no SSVC data supplied. The impact is correctly bounded low (VC:L/VI:L, VA:N): the payoff is interception of SSH credentials and session tampering via a rogue trusted server, not direct code execution or availability loss. Net assessment: a legitimate cryptographic-hygiene defect (CWE-321) worth patching, but the MITM prerequisite and niche product footprint make it a lower real-world priority than the network-vector, unauthenticated framing alone would suggest. Note the primary reference URL points to CVE-2026-82928, a sibling CVE, not to 82929 - advisory linkage should be verified. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker extracts the static SSH host keys embedded in mH-DEVELOPER firmware (identical across all devices) and stands up a rogue SSH server presenting those keys. Positioned on the same network path (e.g., ARP spoofing on a LAN or a compromised upstream link), the attacker transparently proxies client connections; because the host key matches, clients connect without any trust warning and disclose credentials. No public exploit is identified at time of analysis, though key extraction from firmware is straightforward. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Sep 28, 2026
Man-in-the-middle attacks against F&F Filipowski mH-DEVELOPER smart home modules running firmware before 3.0.30 are possible because every unit ships with the same hard-coded SSH host keys and performs no per-device key generation, so an attacker who extracts those keys from a firmware image can stand up a rogue SSH server that clients accept without any warning. Exploitation is unauthenticated (PR:N) but requires two prerequisites in combination: possession of the static keys and an on-path position between an SSH client and the device (reflected in the CVSS 4.0 AT:P requirement, and in our assessed CVSS:3.1 AC:H), which keeps this a moderate, on-path-dependent flaw rather than a mass-exploitable one; no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis. Impact is limited to credential and data interception (VC:L/VI:L) with no availability effect, and devices updated to 3.0.30 are not vulnerable.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: version 3.0.30 - updating mH-DEVELOPER firmware to 3.0.30 or later is the only complete fix, since it replaces the fleet-wide static host keys with proper per-device key handling; the vendor product page (https://www.fif.com.pl/pl/strona-glowna/1367-mh-developer.html) and the CERT-PL advisory (https://cert.pl/posts/2026/09/CVE-2026-82928/) should be consulted for the update package. Because the keys were shipped in firmware, anyone who has already extracted them retains copies after a device upgrade, so upgrading alone does not restore trust: administrators should also remove stale known_hosts entries for affected devices and re-verify the new fingerprints out of band before accepting them, or clients may either fail loudly or, worse, silently trust a cached entry. Until every device can be updated, compensating controls must target the on-path prerequisite rather than the key itself, since end users cannot regenerate firmware-embedded keys. Restrict SSH/management reachability to a dedicated management VLAN and firewall it off from general user networks; enable Dynamic ARP Inspection, DHCP snooping, and where operationally practical static ARP entries to blunt LAN spoofing (trade-off: these require managed switching and add maintenance burden, and static ARP does not scale); and tunnel management traffic through an authenticated VPN or SSH-over-mTLS channel so a spoofed server cannot be reached at all (trade-off: adds an infrastructure dependency and configuration overhead). Disabling remote SSH access on the module entirely where local-only control is acceptable removes the attack surface, at the cost of losing remote administration, and any such change should be validated so it does not break smart-home integration workflows.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-321 (Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key) in the SSH trust model of the mH-DEVELOPER module. SSH relies on server host keys as the anchor of authentication: on first connection a client records the server's key fingerprint, and on subsequent connections a mismatch triggers a loud warning. Because the product embeds one identical private host key in the firmware of every device instead of generating unique keys per unit at manufacture or first boot, that trust mechanism collapses fleet-wide - a rogue SSH server replaying the extracted key is indistinguishable from the genuine module, and clients that already cached the fingerprint will connect silently. An on-path attacker can reach this state through LAN-level redirection (ARP or DNS spoofing, a rogue access point, or control of an intermediate route), which is why the CVSS 4.0 vector carries AT:P and our independent assessment scores AC:H rather than AC:L despite the AV:N network vector. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:f&f_filipowski:mh-developer:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* indicates all firmware builds for the product are nominally in scope, but the vendor states the issue is resolved starting in 3.0.30, which introduces proper per-device key handling - so the practical affected set is every build below that version.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
AC:H because a man-in-the-middle position plus firmware key extraction is required; PR:N/UI:N as no auth or victim action is needed; C:L/I:L for credential interception and session tampering, A:N as availability is unaffected.
Primary rating from Vendor (CERT-PL).
CVSS VectorVendor: CERT-PL
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
mH-DEVELOPER smart home module uses the same hard-coded SSH host keys on every device, with no per-device key generation. An attacker who extracts these keys from the firmware can set up a rogue SSH server that clients will trust without warning, enabling man-in-the-middle attacks and credential interception. This issue was fixed in version 3.0.30
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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