Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessObserve app network traffic
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ExploitExtract transmitted access ID and key
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ExecutionReuse credentials against integration API
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ImpactAccess backend API data
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Data Protection Outbound data filtering
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the attacker to be able to observe or intercept the data transmitted by the 'Vehicle Inspection Certificate Viewer' app (Android or iOS editions), since the sensitive API access ID and access key are included in that transmitted data (CWE-201). Limiting factors: the attacker must gain visibility into the app's client-server communications (e.g., a man-in-the-middle position on the network path or access to captured traffic), rather than exploiting an openly exposed endpoint; impact is confined to disclosure of the embedded integration credentials (C:L, no integrity or availability impact), and the real consequence depends on what those API credentials grant, which the advisory does not specify. |
| Impact | This is a moderate-to-low real-world priority despite the network attack vector. The CVSS 3.0 base score of 5.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N) reflects an unauthenticated, low-complexity information-disclosure issue with only LOW confidentiality impact and no integrity or availability impact (consistent with CWE-201, exposure of sensitive information through sent data). No EPSS score, CISA KEV listing, or public proof-of-concept was provided in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. The practical risk is tempered by the nature of the flaw: although the vector is marked AV:N, exploiting credential leakage in transmitted data realistically requires an attacker to observe or intercept the app's traffic (e.g., man-in-the-middle positioning or analysis of client-server communication), which is not the same as trivial remote exploitation against an exposed service - verify intercept conditions with the vendor/JVN advisory. The disclosed data (API integration access ID and access key) is a credential-exposure concern whose downstream severity depends on what those API credentials unlock, which is not described. Net: a legitimate issue worth patching, but not an emergency given low impact, no KEV, and no known exploit. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker positioned to observe the mobile app's network communications (or inspecting the data it sends) captures sensitive information embedded in the transmitted payload, recovering the API integration access ID and access key. With those credentials, the attacker could then authenticate to the backing API as the application and access or abuse the associated integration. No public proof-of-concept was identified in the provided data. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 15, 2026
Information disclosure in the Vehicle Inspection Certificate Viewer mobile application for Android and iOS causes the app to include API integration credentials - an access ID and an access key - inside the data it transmits, so anyone who can observe or intercept that client-server traffic can recover the credentials. Both platform editions are listed as affected with no version constraint (CPE wildcards for the Android and iOS builds), and the vendor advisory (JVN#94004488, reported to JPCERT) does not identify a fixed release. Exploitation is not trivial: it requires an attacker to obtain a network vantage point such as a man-in-the-middle position on the app's communication path, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; with CVSS 5.3 (C:L/I:N/A:N) the practical impact depends on what the leaked credentials authorize.
RemediationAI
No vendor-released patch was identified at time of analysis; check the JVN advisory at https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN94004488/ for a fixed app version, and update the Android and iOS apps as soon as MLIT publishes one, since the two editions must be remediated independently through their respective stores. Because the defect is a leaked credential rather than a code flaw, the highest-value immediate action is to rotate and revoke the exposed API access ID and access key (regenerate them so previously intercepted values become useless), then verify that the replacement credential is not again embedded in client-transmitted data. Architecturally, move credential use to a backend broker or API gateway that holds the secret server-side and issues short-lived, scope-limited tokens to the app - the trade-off is added backend complexity and token-refresh handling, but it removes the secret from the client entirely. As compensating controls for users and operators: enforce TLS 1.2+ with certificate pinning in the app to raise the bar for interception (side effect: pinning complicates certificate rotation and can break the app if pins are not updated in lockstep), advise users to avoid untrusted or open Wi-Fi and to use a trusted VPN (mitigates passive interception only, not a compromised device or a determined MITM), and monitor API-side logs for anomalous or off-pattern use of the affected credentials, with rate limiting, per-client quotas, and logging on the endpoints those credentials authorize to bound the damage if they are already compromised. Scoping the credential to the minimum permission set it needs limits blast radius if disclosure has already occurred.
Affected VersionsENISA
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The root cause is CWE-201 (Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data): the application packages long-lived service credentials - an API access ID and access key used for integration with the vehicle inspection certificate (shaken) service - inside outbound requests rather than keeping them server-side. Because the client both holds and transmits the secret, the credential is exposed to any party with visibility into the transport, whether via a hostile network path, a compromised proxy, TLS interception, or captured traffic. The CVSS 3.0/3.1 vector AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N confirms a remote, unauthenticated, no-user-interaction path with low confidentiality impact and no integrity or availability effect - consistent with a pure credential-disclosure defect rather than a code-execution or tampering issue. CPE records identify two distinct codebases, the Android edition and the iOS edition, both published under the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT), meaning any fix must be shipped and adopted separately per platform store. Client-side architecture of this kind is structurally hard to secure because anything shipped in an app package or sent from the device can be extracted or observed; robust designs broker the credential on a backend service and issue short-lived, narrowly scoped tokens to the app.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Credentials are leaked in network-transmitted data with no auth or interaction (AV:N/PR:N/UI:N), yielding only limited confidentiality disclosure (C:L) and no integrity or availability impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (jpcert).
CVSS VectorVendor: jpcert
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
The smartphone application "Vehicle Inspection Certificate Viewer" contains a vulnerability in which sensitive information may be included in data transmitted by the application, potentially leading to the exposure of API integration credentials such as an access ID and access key.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
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EUVD-2026-101938
GHSA-r5qr-9296-jj73
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB