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PowerJob CVE-2026-75431

| EUVDEUVD-2026-71448 CRITICAL
Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key (CWE-321)
2026-09-04 mitre GHSA-f4hf-w5c6-r4p5
9.1
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: mitre
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Locate exposed PowerJob Server
  2. Delivery
    Reconstruct predictable HS256 key
  3. Exploit
    Forge admin JWT
  4. Execution
    Authenticate to console/OpenAPI
  5. Persist
    Create/trigger malicious job
  6. Impact
    Execute arbitrary code on worker

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
ASVS 5.0
V11 - Cryptography Key management, no hard-coded keys
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that the PowerJob Server run with its default/predictable HS256 JWT signing key (as generated by DefaultSecretProvider rather than a per-install random secret) and that the server's console or OpenAPI endpoint be network-reachable by the attacker. No valid credentials, user interaction, or prior authentication are needed because the predictable key lets the attacker forge admin tokens directly (PR:N, UI:N, AC:L). What limits exploitation: an operator who has already configured a strong custom JWT secret is not vulnerable to trivial forgery, and instances confined to a trusted internal network sharply reduce attacker reach.

Impact

The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N, 9.1) indicates a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated attack - consistent with token forgery against an exposed server. However, A:N understates the stated impact: if the flaw yields arbitrary code execution, availability should be High (my independent assessment is 9.8 with A:H). No EPSS or KEV data was supplied, so this is not confirmed as actively exploited; treat it as high-priority-but-not-confirmed-widespread. A publicly available PoC gist raises real exploitation likelihood for internet-exposed instances. The main mitigating factor is exposure: PowerJob servers are typically internal scheduling infrastructure, so risk concentrates on instances reachable from untrusted networks. Net: a genuinely severe, easily automatable auth-bypass-to-RCE where the primary open question is exposure and patch availability, not exploitability.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker locates an internet-exposed PowerJob Server, reconstructs the predictable HS256 signing key from the default secret provider, and forges a valid admin JWT - no credentials needed. Using the forged token they authenticate to the console/OpenAPI and create or trigger a job that executes an attacker-supplied script/command on a worker, achieving remote code execution. A public PoC gist demonstrates the token-forgery step.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity.
No patch listed yet 0.8% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 04, 2026

Remote code execution in PowerJob Server 5.1.2 (and likely earlier releases) stems from a predictable/hardcoded HS256 signing key used for the server's JWT authentication, letting an unauthenticated remote attacker forge valid admin session tokens and drive PowerJob's job-execution features to run arbitrary code. PowerJob is an open-source distributed task-scheduling framework, and because the secret is derived by a default provider rather than randomly generated, any exposed instance is trivially impersonatable. Publicly available exploit code exists (a proof-of-concept gist), though there is no CISA KEV listing or confirmed in-the-wild exploitation at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch version is identified at time of analysis (references point to master-branch source files and a PoC, not a tagged fixed release), so verify the latest PowerJob release for a fix before deploying. As the primary compensating control, override the default JWT secret with a strong, per-deployment random key so tokens can no longer be forged - audit DefaultSecretProvider/JwtServiceImpl configuration and any secret set via application properties, and rotate it (this invalidates existing sessions, a minor operational side effect). Additionally, remove PowerJob Server from any untrusted or internet-facing network and restrict its console/OpenAPI ports to a management VLAN or via reverse-proxy allowlisting (side effect: remote operators need VPN/jump-host access), and place authentication behind an external gateway that does not rely on the vulnerable HS256 key. Monitor for the fixed version at https://github.com/PowerJob/PowerJob and upgrade once released.

Affected VersionsENISA

n/a n/a

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

PowerJob is a Java-based distributed scheduling/workflow framework whose server component (powerjob-server-auth) issues HS256 JSON Web Tokens for authenticating console and API sessions. The referenced source (DefaultSecretProvider.java and JwtServiceImpl.java) shows the symmetric HMAC signing key is produced by a default secret provider rather than a per-deployment random value, making it predictable across installations. The root cause is a use of a hard-coded/predictable cryptographic key (CWE-321/CWE-798 class; the input CWE is N/A), which collapses the integrity guarantee of HS256: knowing or reconstructing the key lets an attacker mint tokens that pass server-side signature verification. Because PowerJob's authenticated surface includes creating and dispatching jobs/scripts to workers, forging an admin token escalates directly to arbitrary code execution. The CPE (cpe:2.3:a:n/a:n/a:*) is a non-informative placeholder and does not name the true product.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (mitre) PRIMARY 9.1 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 9.8 CRITICAL

Predictable key enables unauthenticated remote token forgery (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) leading to RCE, so C/I/A all High - A:H corrects the input's A:N.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (mitre).

CVSS VectorVendor: mitre

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

PowerJob Server version 5.1.2 (and likely earlier) uses a predictable JWT signing key for HS256-based authentication. This allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

PowerJob Server 5.1.2 and earlier versions contain a critical vulnerability allowing unauthenticated attackers to forge administrator session tokens and execute arbitrary code by exploiting a hardcoded JWT signing key. Organizations using this open-source distributed task-scheduling framework face immediate risk of unauthorized code execution, data pipeline compromise, and potential disruption to critical batch processing and automation workflows.

Business Impact: Severe
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Restrict PowerJob API network access to internal subnets via firewall rules; (2) enable centralized audit logging and monitor for anomalous admin token creation and job submissions; (3) if configurable, rotate the JWT signing key to a strong randomly-generated value to prevent token forgery; (4) deploy WAF rules on any public-facing instances to detect and block JWT token-based attacks; (5) temporarily disable PowerJob if non-critical to operations; (6) monitor vendor advisories and upgrade immediately once patched versions (5.1.3+) are released.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.8%
Top 47% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche open-source distributed job scheduler, limited enterprise footprint
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.8%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Out-of-Cycle
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact
Very High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

47
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +46
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

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