EUVD-2026-62605Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Attacker needs no privileges, but the victim must run codegen against a malicious spec and import the output, so UI:R; full unsandboxed RCE gives C/I/A:H with no scope change.
Primary rating from Vendor (GitHub_M).
CVSS VectorVendor: GitHub_M
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
Orval generates type-safe JavaScript clients in TypeScript from OpenAPI v3 and Swagger v2 specifications. Prior to 8.21.0, a ${...} expression or backtick in an enum default is emitted into a module-level template literal emitted by zod schema generation without safe encoding. This permits attacker-controlled JavaScript to be evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, resulting in code execution in the developer, CI, test, or application environment. The affected code is packages/zod/src/index.ts function formatDefaultValue. This issue is fixed in version 8.21.0.
AnalysisAI
Code execution in Orval before 8.21.0 occurs when its zod schema generator processes an attacker-controlled OpenAPI v3 or Swagger v2 specification: a ${...} expression or backtick placed in an enum default value is written unescaped into a module-level JavaScript template literal, so simply importing the generated schema module evaluates the attacker's code in the developer, CI, test, or application runtime. This is a CWE-94 code-injection flaw (CVSS 9.3) affecting the packages/zod/src/index.ts formatDefaultValue routine. …
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Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata
Vulnerability AssessmentAI
| Exploitation | Exploitation requires (1) the victim to use Orval's zod schema generation target, (2) an OpenAPI v3 or Swagger v2 specification under attacker influence that contains an enum default value with a backtick or ${...} expression, and (3) the generated zod schema module to be imported/loaded, which is when the injected code runs. … Additional conditions and limiting factors are described in the full assessment. |
| Risk Assessment | The vendor CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H) yields 9.3 and implies trivially remote, unauthenticated, high-impact exploitation, but the practical trigger is more constrained than that reads: an attacker must control the OpenAPI/Swagger specification fed to Orval, the victim must run zod generation against it, and the generated module must be imported. … Full risk analysis with EPSS, KEV, and SSVC signal comparison available after sign-in. |
| Exploit Scenario | An attacker publishes or tampers with an OpenAPI spec so that an enum's default value contains a backtick/${...} payload such as ${require('child_process').execSync('id')}. A developer or CI pipeline runs Orval's zod generation against that spec and imports the resulting schema module, at which point the template literal is evaluated and the attacker's JavaScript executes in that environment. … |
| Remediation | Vendor-released patch: upgrade Orval to 8.21.0 or later, which escapes spec-sourced values via jsesc before emitting them into generated code (fix in PR https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/pull/3692 and commit https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/commit/8ef1bfdf3f9bcaf9dabfbe2e42887f1c0e159ab6; advisory https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/security/advisories/GHSA-3575-w9fc-c2j6). … Detailed patch versions, workarounds, and compensating controls in full report. |
Recommended ActionAI
Within 24 hours: audit your codebase and CI/CD configuration to identify all uses of Orval and the version currently deployed; cross-check for any external or user-supplied OpenAPI/Swagger specifications processed by the schema generator. …
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Same weakness CWE-94 – Code Injection
View allSame technique Code Injection
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External POC / Exploit Code
Leaving vuln.today