Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessSend crafted HTTP request to bridged consumer
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DeliveryInject websocket.connectionKey.list header
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ExploitHeader bypasses HttpHeaderFilterStrategy onto Exchange
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ExecutionProducer's list branch overrides intended recipient
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ImpactNotification suppressed or redirected to attacker-known client
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Requires a Camel route that bridges an HTTP-family consumer directly into a camel-atmosphere-websocket producer whose dispatch is header-driven; this route topology is the essential prerequisite and is not Camel's default for arbitrary deployments. Given that route, no authentication is needed (CVSS PR:N) and a single ordinary inbound HTTP header suffices - the attacker sends websocket.connectionKey.list (or a repeated/bracketed websocket.connectionKey header that Camel's HTTP binding promotes to a List), which is evaluated before the single-key header and overrides the intended recipient. Limiting factors: to redirect (rather than merely suppress) a message to a specific victim client, the attacker must know that client's connection key; suppression requires no such knowledge. Deployments not using this HTTP-into-websocket bridge, or that already strip the websocket.* namespace at the boundary, are not exploitable. |
| Impact | The signals conflict and warrant scrutiny. The vendor CVSS of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/C:H/I:H/A:H) implies full confidentiality, integrity and availability compromise, but the described impact is narrower: an attacker can misroute or suppress specific WebSocket notifications, which is primarily an integrity/limited-confidentiality issue rather than 'total' loss of all three - the C:H/I:H/A:H rating appears inflated relative to the described dispatch-hijack behaviour. Supporting this, EPSS is low (0.23%, 13th percentile), SSVC records exploitation as 'none', and there is no KEV listing or public PoC. However, SSVC also flags the issue as Automatable=yes with Technical Impact=total, and exploitation requires only an ordinary inbound HTTP header against a vulnerable route, so where the vulnerable topology exists the barrier to abuse is genuinely low. The key limiting factor is deployment shape: the flaw only bites routes that bridge an untrusted HTTP consumer directly into an atmosphere-websocket producer. Net assessment: patch-worthy and easy to exploit where present, but the real-world blast radius is likely far smaller than the 9.8 suggests, so prioritize it for affected Camel integrations rather than treating it as a blanket critical across all Camel deployments. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An application exposes a Camel route that receives events over HTTP and pushes them to connected clients via the atmosphere-websocket producer. An external sender submits a normal HTTP request carrying a websocket.connectionKey.list header (or a repeated/bracketed header Camel promotes to a list); because that header is not filtered, it overrides the route's chosen recipient, letting the attacker suppress a target user's notification or redirect it to a different connected client whose connection key they know. No public PoC is currently identified, but the attack needs only a single crafted HTTP header (AV:N/AC:L). |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 25, 2026
Header-injection in the Apache Camel camel-atmosphere-websocket producer lets an external sender hijack WebSocket message dispatch in routes that bridge an HTTP consumer into the producer. Because the dispatch headers (websocket.connectionKey, websocket.connectionKey.list, websocket.sendToAll, websocket.eventType, websocket.errorType) use dotted names outside the filtered Camel namespace, the inherited HttpHeaderFilterStrategy admits them in both directions, so an attacker-supplied header overrides the recipient the route selected - suppressing a notification meant for one client or redirecting it to another client whose connection key the sender knows. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.23%, 13th percentile) and it is not in CISA KEV, though the vendor rates it CVSS 9.8.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Apache Camel 4.22.0. LTS/stream-specific fixes are available: on the 4.14.x LTS stream upgrade to 4.14.9, and on the 4.18.x stream upgrade to 4.18.4 (advisory: https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-71300.html). For deployments that cannot upgrade immediately, strip the dispatch headers at the trust boundary by placing removeHeaders("websocket.*") in the route between the HTTP consumer and the atmosphere-websocket producer, which removes attacker-controllable routing headers before they reach dispatch; the trade-off is that any legitimate upstream component setting those literal headers will also lose them. As defence in depth, do not bridge an untrusted HTTP consumer directly into a header-driven WebSocket producer without first stripping the dispatch namespace. Note a breaking change in the fix: the header string values are renamed into the Camel namespace, so routes that set these headers by literal string must be updated (routes referencing WebsocketConstants fields symbolically are unaffected); this is documented in the Camel upgrade guides.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in maven, euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Apache Camel is a Java enterprise integration framework; the camel-atmosphere-websocket component exposes WebSocket endpoints via the Atmosphere library. WebsocketEndpoint extends ServletEndpoint and therefore inherits HttpHeaderFilterStrategy, which only strips headers carrying the 'Camel'/'camel' prefixes. The dispatch-control constants were defined as dotted string literals (e.g. 'websocket.connectionKey.list') that fall outside that filtered namespace, so every HTTP-family consumer passes them through onto the Exchange untouched. The root cause is CWE-20 (improper input validation): trusted control headers are indistinguishable from attacker-supplied inbound headers. Camel's HTTP binding also promotes a repeated header name or a bracketed value into a java.util.List, so a plain inbound HTTP header - not necessarily a query parameter or literal list - reaches the list-valued branch. WebsocketProducer.process evaluates the list header before the single-key header, so an injected list value wins over the route's intended recipient. The behaviour dates to the constants' introduction in Camel 2.17.0. This is distinct from CVE-2026-55993, which covers the consumer-side query-parameter path in the same component. Affected CPE: cpe:2.3:a:apache_software_foundation:apache_camel.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Unauthenticated single HTTP header suffices (PR:N/AC:L), but impact is limited to misrouting/suppressing specific notifications - partial confidentiality and integrity, no system availability loss.
Primary rating from Vendor (apache).
CVSS VectorVendor: apache
Lifecycle Timeline
4DescriptionCVE.org
Improper input validation vulnerability in Apache Camel Atmosphere Websocket component.
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 4.0.0 before 4.14.9, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.4, from 4.19.0 before 4.22.0.
The camel-atmosphere-websocket producer selects which connected WebSocket peers a message is delivered to through Exchange headers, and the string values of those headers sat outside the Camel namespace: websocket.connectionKey and websocket.connectionKey.list, along with websocket.sendToAll, websocket.eventType and websocket.errorType. WebsocketEndpoint extends ServletEndpoint and so inherits HttpHeaderFilterStrategy, which filters only the Camel and camel prefixes; the dotted names therefore fell outside the filtered namespace and were admitted in both directions by every HTTP-family consumer. In a route bridging an HTTP consumer into an atmosphere-websocket producer, an external sender could supply the list header and take over the producer's dispatch decision. WebsocketProducer.process tests the list header before the single-key header, so an injected value discarded the recipient the route had selected: a notification intended for one connected client could be suppressed, or delivered instead to a different client whose connection key the sender knows. The header need not be a query parameter and need not be supplied as a list literally - Camel's HTTP binding promotes a repeated header name, and a bracketed value, to a List when mapping onto the Exchange - so an ordinary inbound HTTP header is sufficient to reach the list-valued branch. This is distinct from CVE-2026-55993, which concerns the consumer-side query-parameter path in the same component. The behaviour dates back to the introduction of these constants, first released in 2.17.0, and was unchanged until this fix.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.22.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.9. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.4. For deployments that cannot upgrade immediately, strip the dispatch headers at the trust boundary before the producer, for example with removeHeaders(“websocket.*”) placed between the HTTP consumer and the atmosphere-websocket producer. Note that the fix renames the header string values into the Camel namespace, which is a breaking change for routes that set them by literal string: routes referencing the WebsocketConstants fields symbolically are unaffected, and the change is documented in the upgrade guides. As defence in depth, do not bridge an untrusted HTTP consumer directly into a WebSocket producer whose dispatch is header-driven without stripping the dispatch namespace first.
Executive ViewAI
Apache Camel's WebSocket bridging component (camel-atmosphere-websocket) has a critical vulnerability allowing attackers to intercept and manipulate real-time message flow between clients. This could enable attackers to silence critical alerts to users, intercept confidential messages, or redirect communications to unintended recipients. Organizations relying on this component for real-time notifications or messaging should prioritize immediate patch deployment.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.
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EUVD-2026-64961
GHSA-m5r8-w65q-8wjf
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB