Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessPosition as or hijack RD Gateway HTTPS endpoint
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DeliveryClient initiates FreeRDP RD Gateway session
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ExploitServe Transfer-Encoding: chunked response with unbounded body
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ExecutionClient allocates heap memory per chunk without enforcing RESPONSE_SIZE_LIMIT
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PersistAvailable memory exhausted on client host
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ImpactFreeRDP client process crashes (denial of service)
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2025 - Insecure Design
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Resource allocation limits
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Impact The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | The attacker must control or successfully impersonate the RD Gateway HTTPS endpoint that the FreeRDP client is configured to connect to - this is the binding prerequisite. The FreeRDP client must be using the RD Gateway feature (clients connecting directly via RDP without a gateway are not exposed). The malicious server must respond using Transfer-Encoding: chunked encoding rather than a standard Content-Length response. No authentication to the gateway or privileges on the client system are required, since the attacker operates as the server. Exploitation is limited to clients running FreeRDP versions below 3.29.0. Defenders should assess whether their FreeRDP deployments route through RD Gateway, whether those gateways are cryptographically pinned or access-controlled, and whether clients could be redirected to attacker-controlled endpoints through DNS manipulation or social engineering. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VA:H) scores 8.7, indicating a network-reachable, zero-complexity denial-of-service with no prerequisites on the client side. However, this score must be contextualized: the attacker must either operate or impersonate the RD Gateway HTTPS endpoint the FreeRDP client connects to, which is a meaningful precondition that prevents mass-scanning exploitation. This is not a vulnerability exploitable against arbitrary internet hosts. The absence of a CISA KEV listing and no reported public exploit code further reduces immediate operational urgency. EPSS data was not provided in the available intelligence. Real-world risk is highest in environments where FreeRDP clients may connect to gateways that are not cryptographically pinned or organizationally controlled - e.g., BYOD or remote-work scenarios with user-selected gateways. The pure availability impact (VA:H, VC/VI/SC/SI all N) limits the blast radius to client-side crashes with no data exposure. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker operates a malicious RD Gateway HTTPS server and redirects a FreeRDP client to it via DNS hijacking, a phishing-delivered connection file, or man-in-the-middle positioning on an untrusted network. Once the FreeRDP client completes the TLS handshake and sends its RD Gateway HTTP request, the attacker's server responds with a Transfer-Encoding: chunked body, continuously streaming oversized chunks that the client accumulates in heap memory without hitting the disabled RESPONSE_SIZE_LIMIT guard, ultimately exhausting available memory and crashing the client process. No public POC code has been identified at time of analysis. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 01, 2026
Memory exhaustion in FreeRDP before 3.29.0 allows unauthenticated attackers controlling a malicious RD Gateway endpoint to crash the client by sending Transfer-Encoding: chunked HTTP response bodies of unbounded size. The http_response_recv_body() function fails to enforce the configured RESPONSE_SIZE_LIMIT exclusively for chunked responses, creating an exploitable gap in the intended safety boundary. No active exploitation (CISA KEV) or public POC has been identified, but the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 reflects the low attack complexity once an attacker can serve a malicious gateway response.
RemediationAI
Upgrade FreeRDP to version 3.29.0 or later, which enforces RESPONSE_SIZE_LIMIT for chunked HTTP responses. The vendor advisory at https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-2c6r-4pr4-9x8m contains the authoritative patch details. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, restrict FreeRDP clients via firewall or endpoint policy to connect only to a known allowlist of trusted RD Gateway hostnames and IP addresses - this prevents an attacker from substituting a malicious gateway. Blocking outbound HTTPS (TCP/443) to unauthorized RD Gateway targets eliminates the attack surface but may be operationally disruptive in environments with dynamic gateway configurations. OS-level memory limits (e.g., ulimit on Linux) can reduce the blast radius of a successful exhaustion attempt but do not prevent process termination.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
FreeRDP is an open-source Remote Desktop Protocol client library (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) that implements the RD Gateway tunneling protocol over HTTPS. The vulnerability resides in the HTTP response body parsing layer - specifically http_response_recv_body() - which handles chunked transfer encoding as defined by HTTP/1.1 (Transfer-Encoding: chunked). The root cause maps to CWE-770 (Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling): the code enforces RESPONSE_SIZE_LIMIT only on non-chunked responses, while the chunked path allocates heap memory in unbounded increments driven by attacker-controlled chunk sizes. Because RD Gateway communication is initiated over HTTPS, the attacker acts as the TLS-terminating server and controls the full HTTP response content and framing. All releases from version 0 through 3.28.x are affected.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Attacker controls the network endpoint (gateway server), so AV:N and PR:N apply; impact is pure availability loss with no confidentiality or integrity breach.
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
FreeRDP before 3.29.0 fails to enforce the RESPONSE_SIZE_LIMIT when processing Transfer-Encoding: chunked HTTP responses in http_response_recv_body(). Attackers controlling a malicious RD Gateway endpoint can send oversized chunked response bodies to exhaust client memory resources without triggering the configured size limit.
Executive ViewAI
FreeRDP remote desktop client versions prior to 3.29.0 are vulnerable to denial-of-service attacks from malicious RD Gateway servers, potentially disrupting remote access capabilities across the organization. This affects any user or system relying on FreeRDP for remote connectivity, with exploit delivery requiring only network access to an attacker-controlled gateway.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
Use-after-free in FreeRDP xf_clipboard_format_equal before 3.23.0. Clipboard format comparison uses freed memory. Fifth
Use-after-free in FreeRDP xf_AppUpdateWindowFromSurface before 3.23.0. Surface-to-window update triggers memory corrupti
Use-after-free in FreeRDP xf_SetWindowMinMaxInfo before version 3.23.0. X11 client window management triggers memory cor
Use-after-free in FreeRDP xf_cliprdr_provide_data clipboard handling before 3.23.0. Clipboard data exchange triggers mem
FreeRDP IRP thread handler has a use-after-free where the IRP is freed by Complete() then accessed on the error path. Fi
FreeRDP drive read heap overflow when server-controlled read length exceeds IRP output buffer. Fixed in 3.20.1. PoC avai
FreeRDP client before 3.20.1 has a heap buffer overflow in AUDIN format processing. A malicious RDP server can corrupt m
Use-after-free in FreeRDP xf_AppUpdateWindowFromSurface before 3.23.0. Different code path from CVE-2026-25953. PoC and
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), released under the Apache license. Rated critical
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), released under the Apache license. Rated critical
FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), released under the Apache license. Rated critical
Same technique Denial Of Service
View allVendor StatusVendor
SUSE
Severity: Moderate| Product | Status |
|---|---|
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP applications 16.1 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP7 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 16.0 | Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5-LTSS Extended Security | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server LTSS Extended Security 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP2 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP3 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 12 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP4 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP5 | Not-Affected |
| SUSE Linux Enterprise Workstation Extension 15 SP6 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.4 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.5 | Not-Affected |
| openSUSE Leap 15.6 | Not-Affected |
EUVD-2026-51856
GHSA-43rq-pv9m-43rf
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
VulDB
Exploit-DB