Freerdp CVE-2026-25959

CRITICAL

Use After Free (CWE-416)

2026-02-25 security-advisories@github.com

Use After Free Red Hat Freerdp Suse

Critical

Disputed · 9.8 NVD

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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

Access

Send Remote Desktop Protocol request
Delivery

Trigger concurrent clipboard data access
Exploit

Free memory via HashTable_Clear
Execution

Pass freed pointer to XChangeProperty
Impact

Execute arbitrary code

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-416 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management MITRE ATT&CK 2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Exploitation Conditions	FreeRDP version prior to 3.23.0 with clipboard redirection (cliprdr channel) enabled. Attacker must establish RDP connection to vulnerable FreeRDP instance without authentication required by default RDP configuration.
Impact	CVSS 9.8. Clipboard redirection is enabled by default in most RDP sessions.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	Malicious RDP server triggers clipboard data request that causes UAF in the client, enabling code execution.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity + public POC available.

Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 12, 2026

Use-after-free in FreeRDP xf_cliprdr_provide_data clipboard handling before 3.23.0. Clipboard data exchange triggers memory corruption. PoC and patch available.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 12, 2026 - 21:55 CVSS 9.8

UAF in FreeRDP clipboard data handling.

RemediationAI

Update FreeRDP to 3.23.0. Disable clipboard redirection for untrusted servers.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

CWE-416 UAF in xf_cliprdr_provide_data. Clipboard redirection between RDP client and server triggers use of freed memory.

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Sources disagree (Medium–Critical)

GitHub Advisory PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL

AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SUSE CRITICAL

Red Hat 5.3 MEDIUM

vuln.today treats the vendor’s rating as authoritative. A higher third-party CVSS (e.g. CISA-ADP) is shown for transparency but does not drive the headline severity.

CVSS VectorGitHub Advisory

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

Low

Privileges Required

None

User Interaction

None

Scope

Unchanged

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

3

PoC Detected

Feb 27, 2026 - 14:52 vuln.today

Public exploit code

Patch released

Feb 27, 2026 - 14:52 nvd

Patch available

CVE Published

Feb 25, 2026 - 21:16 nvd

CRITICAL 9.8

DescriptionGitHub Advisory

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.23.0, xf_cliprdr_provide_data_ passes freed pDstData to XChangeProperty because the cliprdr channel thread calls xf_cliprdr_server_format_data_response which converts and uses the clipboard data without holding any lock, while the X11 event thread concurrently calls xf_cliprdr_clear_cached_data → HashTable_Clear which frees the same data via xf_cached_data_free, triggering a heap use after free. Version 3.23.0 fixes the issue.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A critical remote code execution vulnerability in FreeRDP (CVSS 9.8) could allow attackers to gain complete control of systems using this remote access software. While current exploit activity is minimal (0.1% EPSS), the high severity rating and availability of public exploits necessitate immediate patching of all affected FreeRDP deployments across the organization to prevent potential breach.

Business Impact: Severe

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 76% exploitable

Exploit

POC

Public exploit code exists

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

CVE.org

EPSS Vendor

GitHub

VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity CRITICAL

CISA KEV No

Public POC Yes

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

CRITICAL severity + public POC available

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Out-of-Cycle

Exploitation· derived

Poc

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Yes

Human Impact

Very High

Priority Score

69

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +49

PoC: +20

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use After Free HIGH

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Affected Products (CPE)GitHub Advisory

cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Same weakness CWE-416 – Use After Free

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CVE-2019-0708 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2014-0322 HIGH POC

CVE-2012-4792 HIGH POC

CVE-2009-4324 HIGH POC

CVE-2015-0313 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2015-5122 CRITICAL POC

CVE-2013-2551 HIGH POC

Same technique Use After Free

View all

CVE-2012-4969 HIGH POC

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: Critical

Product	Status
openSUSE Tumbleweed	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7	Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP7	Fixed

References

Advisories & patches

PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L1229-L1243 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L1337-L1344 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L200-L208 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L2295 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L2323-L2334 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L2363 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/blob/5c7aae27d0417b42b4806c2a5c583ca39dd9ef1e/client/X11/xf_cliprdr.c#L933 PATCH https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/d3e8b3b9365be96a4f11dda149d71b3287227d0a ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/347856

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