Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate as Project Viewer
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DeliveryOpen node-tool-enabled AI Agent
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ExploitChat request to run a node
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Executionrun-node tool skips authorization check
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PersistNode executes with stored credentials
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ImpactExfiltrate credential secrets
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V8 - Authorization Authorization logic validation
MITRE ATT&CK
1 technique across 1 tactic: Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires an authenticated low-privileged account (Project Viewer, PR:L) within an n8n project, AND an AI Agent in that project that has been configured with node tools enabled - this is the AT:P attack requirement and the single most important limiter, since agents without node tools cannot invoke the vulnerable run-node path. The attacker triggers the flaw purely by chatting with that agent (UI:N, network-reachable), so no victim interaction or elevated privileges are needed. Limiting factors: it is not exploitable against a default install with no node-tool-enabled agents, and it requires prior access to the tenant/project rather than being an unauthenticated internet-facing bug; instances that only grant node-enabled agents to trusted roles, or that run single-user, are not realistically exposed. |
| Impact | The signals are moderately consistent with a real but bounded threat. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N, VC:H, SC:H) yields 7.2 (High): network-reachable, low attacker privileges (an existing Project Viewer account), no user interaction, but with an attack requirement (AT:P) - the target agent must already be configured with node tools enabled. Confidentiality impact is high on both the vulnerable system and a subsequent system (SC:H), reflecting credential theft that can pivot to connected services. There is no EPSS score, no KEV listing, and no POC in the provided data, so real-world exploitation pressure appears low today. The key limiter is that exploitation is not against a default deployment: the attacker needs a valid low-privilege account in the same project AND an AI agent that an administrator has already wired up with node tools. This makes it a genuine insider/tenant-isolation concern for multi-user n8n instances rather than a mass-exploitable internet risk. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker with only a Project Viewer account on a shared n8n instance opens an AI Agent that an administrator has configured with node tools and simply asks it, in chat, to run a node that uses a stored credential. Because the run-node tool skips authorization verification, the agent executes the node and returns or acts on secrets the viewer was never authorized to see, letting the attacker harvest API keys or tokens for connected systems. No public POC is currently identified, but the attack requires no special tooling beyond chat access. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jul 22, 2026
Privilege escalation in n8n workflow automation platform before 2.30.1 allows a low-privileged Project Viewer to abuse the AI Agents feature, where the node-execution (run-node) tool omits authorization checks. By chatting with an agent that has node tools enabled, the viewer can execute arbitrary nodes and read credential secrets they should not access. Reported by VulnCheck; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to n8n 2.30.1 or later, which is the vendor-released patch that adds the missing authorization checks on the node-execution tool (see GHSA-x5vx-c2c8-m3w9). If you cannot upgrade immediately, reduce exposure by disabling or removing node tools from AI Agent configurations so that agents cannot invoke the run-node tool - this neuters the attack path but also removes legitimate agent-driven node execution. Additionally, audit and tighten project membership so that untrusted or read-only users are not placed in projects that contain credential-bearing workflows and node-enabled agents, and review which credentials are scoped to shared projects, since the trade-off of over-broad project membership is exactly the secret exposure this flaw exploits. Consult the vendor advisory (https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-x5vx-c2c8-m3w9) and VulnCheck writeup (https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-privilege-escalation-via-run-node-tool) before rolling out mitigations.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in npm
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
n8n is a source-available workflow automation platform in which users operate within projects under role-based access control (e.g. Project Viewer, which is intended to be read-only). The vulnerability lives in the AI Agents feature: when an agent is configured with node tools, the underlying node-execution tool (run-node) can be invoked through natural-language chat. Per CWE-863 (Incorrect Authorization), the code path that executes these node tools performs the action without verifying that the requesting user's role actually permits node execution or credential access, so the authorization decision is either missing or evaluated against the wrong principal. Because node execution in n8n resolves and injects stored credential secrets at runtime, bypassing that check exposes secrets belonging to the project or connected systems. The affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:n8n-io:n8n across all versions prior to the 2.30.1 fix.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L
Authenticated Project Viewer (PR:L) over the network; AC:H because a node-tool-enabled agent must already exist; scope change (S:C) as it reaches credentials/systems beyond the user's authorization, high confidentiality, limited integrity.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
n8n versions before 2.30.1 contain a privilege escalation vulnerability in the AI Agents feature where the node-execution tool lacks proper authorization checks. A Project Viewer user can escalate privileges by chatting with an agent that has node tools enabled, executing arbitrary nodes and accessing credential secrets without proper authorization verification.
Executive ViewAI
The n8n workflow automation platform contains a high-severity privilege escalation vulnerability in its AI Agents feature that allows low-privileged Project Viewers to execute arbitrary workflows and access sensitive credentials beyond their authorized scope. This directly impacts organizations using n8n for workflow automation, potentially exposing database passwords, API keys, and authentication tokens that could enable data breaches or lateral movement. While no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, the vulnerability's ability to bypass access controls warrants immediate assessment and remediation planning.
No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis. Interim mitigations: (1) Disable the AI Agents feature if not operationally critical, or restrict Project Viewer role access to node-execution capabilities, (2) Revoke Project Viewer credentials lacking active operational need, (3) Implement additional access controls on credentials stored in n8n (encryption at rest, restricted retrieval logging), (4) Enable comprehensive audit logging of all workflow execution and credential access attempts to detect unauthorized activity.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.
Privilege escalation occurs when an attacker leverages flaws in access control mechanisms to gain permissions beyond what they were originally granted.
Remote code execution in n8n's workflow expression evaluation system allows an authenticated user with workflow creation
n8n workflow automation (through 1.121.2) allows authenticated users to execute arbitrary code via the n8n service, with
n8n workflow automation (1.65.0 to 1.121.0) allows unauthenticated file access through form-based workflows. A critical
n8n has a fifth critical RCE vulnerability (CVSS 9.9) in the Expression evaluator, enabling code execution through craft
Authenticated users who can create or modify an n8n workflow can achieve remote code execution on the n8n host by abusin
A prototype pollution vulnerability in the XML and GSuiteAdmin nodes of n8n workflow automation platform allows authenti
An authenticated user with workflow creation or modification privileges in n8n workflow automation platform can exploit
n8n-workflows Main Commit ee25413 allows attackers to execute a directory traversal via the download_workflow function w
Authenticated n8n users can hijack administrator accounts when LDAP authentication is enabled by manipulating their LDAP
The n8n package 0.218.0 for Node.js allows Escalation of Privileges. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability
SQL injection in n8n's Data Table Get node allows authenticated users with workflow modification permissions to execute
Authenticated users can exploit string formatting and exception handling in n8n's Python task executor to escape sandbox
EUVD-2026-47631
GHSA-w46p-w7w2-fr9g
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB