Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessCraft structured-mode CloudEvent with injected Camel headers
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DeliveryPOST to exposed Knative consumer HTTP endpoint
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ExploitExtension fields bypass KnativeHttpHeaderFilterStrategy
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ExecutionInjected headers (CamelHttpUri/CamelHttpPath/CamelFileName) enter Exchange header map
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PersistCamel route forwards to header-driven component (camel-http/camel-file)
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ImpactSSRF to internal target or path traversal executed
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
|
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires all of the following: (1) The target Camel application uses the camel-knative component as a consumer - deployments not using Knative eventing are not affected. (2) The attacker can send HTTP POST requests to the Knative consumer endpoint - in typical Knative deployments this endpoint is cluster-internal, but misconfigured or externally exposed ingress paths increase exposure. (3) The route forwards messages from the Knative consumer to a header-driven component such as camel-http (using CamelHttpUri/CamelHttpPath) or camel-file (using CamelFileName) - routes that only log or transform events without forwarding to such components are not vulnerable to SSRF or path traversal, though dispatch redirection may still apply. (4) Structured content mode is used - binary content mode is NOT vulnerable because KnativeHttpHeaderFilterStrategy is correctly applied on that path. Exploitation is limited by the specificity of the Knative component usage and the requirement for downstream header-sensitive routing; organizations using camel-knative purely as an internal event consumer without header-driven forwarding face substantially reduced risk. |
| Impact | No vendor-supplied CVSS vector or score is present in the input data, so risk signals are limited to the description and patch metadata. The description explicitly identifies the attacker as unauthenticated and the delivery mechanism as an HTTP POST - both of which favor a high-severity rating. EPSS data is absent; KEV status is not listed. The exploitability is constrained by a narrow but realistic precondition: the route must both use the Knative consumer in structured mode AND forward to a header-sensitive component (camel-http, camel-file). Deployments that only consume events internally without forwarding to such components are not directly vulnerable to SSRF or path traversal, though dispatch redirection may still apply. The pattern is part of a documented series of incomplete fixes across Camel components, which suggests the issue class is understood by researchers, increasing likelihood of targeted exploitation. Overall, this represents a high real-world priority for organizations running Apache Camel with Knative-to-HTTP or Knative-to-file routing patterns, and a lower priority for those not using the Knative component. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who can reach the Knative consumer HTTP endpoint crafts an HTTP POST with Content-Type: application/cloudevents+json and a JSON body containing a CloudEvent with extension fields named 'camelhttpuri' and 'camelhttppath' set to an internal service URL (e.g., http://internal-metadata-service/). When the Camel route processes this event and forwards it to a camel-http component, the injected headers override the configured destination, causing the Camel runtime to issue an outbound HTTP request to the attacker-specified internal URL - classic SSRF. No public exploit code has been identified, but the attack requires only a standard HTTP client capable of sending a JSON-encoded CloudEvent body. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Aug 24, 2026
Header injection via structured-mode CloudEvents in Apache Camel's Knative consumer enables unauthenticated SSRF, path traversal, and message-dispatch redirection against routes that forward to header-driven components. The flaw exists because CloudEvent extension fields in structured content mode (Content-Type: application/cloudevents+json) are copied directly into Camel Exchange headers without applying the KnativeHttpHeaderFilterStrategy that correctly guards the binary content-mode path - an incomplete fix of the same filter-bypass pattern addressed across multiple related CVEs (CVE-2025-27636, CVE-2025-29891, CVE-2025-30177, CVE-2026-40453, CVE-2026-47323). No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the attack surface - unauthenticated HTTP POST to a Knative endpoint - requires no special tooling.
RemediationAI
Upgrade to Apache Camel 4.22.0, which is the primary recommended fix per the vendor advisory at https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-63621.html. Users on the 4.18.x LTS stream should upgrade to 4.18.4; users on the 4.14.x LTS stream should upgrade to 4.14.9. Users on non-LTS streams (4.15.0-4.17.0 or 4.19.0-4.21.0) must migrate to one of the LTS-fixed releases since those streams receive no maintenance fix. If an immediate upgrade is not feasible, a compensating control is to restrict the Knative consumer endpoint at the network layer so that only trusted Knative Eventing infrastructure brokers can POST to it - this limits the attacker's ability to inject arbitrary CloudEvent bodies. Alternatively, inserting a custom HeaderFilterStrategy or a Camel processor that strips or validates headers before forwarding will block injection at the route level, but this requires application-level changes and should be verified against the specific headers used by downstream components. There is no indication that structured content mode can be disabled globally without impacting CloudEvents interoperability.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 2 packages in maven, euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Apache Camel is a widely-deployed enterprise integration framework implementing EIP patterns. The camel-knative component acts as a Knative Eventing consumer, receiving CloudEvents delivered over HTTP. The CloudEvents specification defines two content modes: binary (headers carry attributes) and structured (a JSON body carries all attributes including extensions under a flat object). CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation) applies because the CloudEventProcessors handling spec versions 1.0, 1.0.1, and 1.0.2 in structured mode extract extension key-value pairs from the JSON body and insert them verbatim into the Camel Exchange header map. Because Camel header lookups are case-insensitive, an attacker-controlled extension key like 'camelhttpuri' maps onto the internal header 'CamelHttpUri'. When a downstream component such as camel-http or camel-file consults that header to determine the target URL, file path, or dispatch destination, the attacker-supplied value takes precedence over the route's configured value. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:apache_software_foundation:apache_camel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers the affected range.
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
Network-accessible endpoint, no auth required, structured-mode POST sufficient; scope changes because SSRF reaches downstream systems beyond the vulnerable Camel instance.
Primary rating from Vendor (apache).
CVSS VectorVendor: apache
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Improper Input Validation, Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection') vulnerability in Apache Camel Knative component
The Knative consumer in camel-knative maps inbound CloudEvent attributes onto Camel message headers. In binary content mode the HTTP-header path filters Camel-internal headers through KnativeHttpHeaderFilterStrategy, but in structured content mode (Content-Type application/cloudevents+json) the CloudEvent extension fields are read directly from the JSON body and every extension key is copied into the Exchange headers without applying any HeaderFilterStrategy (CloudEventProcessors, spec versions 1.0, 1.0.1 and 1.0.2). As a result, an unauthenticated attacker can inject Camel-internal headers (e.g. CamelHttpUri, CamelHttpPath, CamelFileName) via a structured-mode CloudEvent request, matched case-insensitively against Camel's header map. When a route forwards messages from a Knative consumer to a header-driven component such as camel-http or camel-file, the injected headers override configured values, enabling server-side request forgery (SSRF), path traversal or message-dispatch redirection depending on the route. This is an incomplete fix of the inbound header filtering previously added for the binary content-mode path, and is the same pattern addressed in camel-cxf/camel-knative (CVE-2026-47323), camel-undertow (CVE-2025-30177), the broader incoming-header filter (CVE-2025-27636 and CVE-2025-29891), and the non-HTTP strategies (CVE-2026-40453).
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.15.0 before 4.14.9, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.4, from 4.19.0 before 4.21.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.22.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.18.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.4. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.9. The non-LTS releases 4.15.0 through 4.17.0 and 4.19.0 through 4.21.0 are affected but do not receive a maintenance fix; users on those versions should upgrade to 4.18.4 or 4.22.0.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Server-Side Request Forgery exploits applications that fetch remote resources based on user-supplied URLs.
Path traversal exploits occur when applications use user-controlled input to construct file system paths without proper validation.
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