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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-121
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Stack buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Jul 14, 2026

Local privilege escalation in the Windows File History Service lets an authenticated, low-privileged attacker corrupt a stack buffer (CWE-121) to run code with elevated (SYSTEM-level) privileges on affected Windows client and server releases. The flaw spans a broad range of supported editions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, including Server Core installations. No public exploit was identified at time of analysis, and the CVE is not listed in CISA KEV.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33158
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.8875
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26100.8875
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.2525
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9020
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5386
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7548
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9339
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19045.7548

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7548
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19045.7548
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.8875
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26100.8875
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.2525
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9339
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9020
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5386
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33158
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33158

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 14 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows File History Service allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

The Windows File History Service vulnerability (CVE-2026-57091) enables any authenticated user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level, granting complete system control and allowing bypass of all security controls. This affects Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016-2025 across the majority of enterprise Windows infrastructure. Compromised employee accounts or insider threats could exploit this to establish persistent administrative access with full system authority.

Recommended Action

Within 24 hours, inventory all Windows 10 (1607+), Windows 11, and Windows Server 2016-2025 systems in your environment, prioritizing servers and systems processing sensitive data. Within 7 days, deploy the Microsoft-released patch to all affected systems through your standard change control process, testing in non-production first; begin with critical infrastructure and servers, then move to standard client workstations. Within 30 days, verify patch deployment against 100% of identified systems using your endpoint management tool and document completion status for audit and compliance records.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 71% exploitable
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation More Likely
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD 🇯🇵JVN NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment MSRC VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Stack-based Buffer Overflow HIGH

A stack-based buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a buffer located on the stack than it was allocated to hold.

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Same weakness CWE-121 – Stack-based Buffer Overflow

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Same technique Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2020-0796 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC
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References

Advisories & patches
PATCH https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-57091 ADVISORY https://vuldb.com/vuln/378956

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