Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate as organization admin
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DeliveryOpen browser dev tools or Supabase API client
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ExploitIdentify public.orgs table schema
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ExecutionCraft direct table write with invalid policy value
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PersistSubmit request bypassing UI validation
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ImpactInvalid security policy state persisted server-side
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
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| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires an active authenticated session with organization administrator-level privileges within the target Capgo tenant - regular org members without admin rights cannot perform the direct table write. The attacker must have sufficient knowledge of the public.orgs table schema and Supabase API mechanics to craft a direct write request bypassing the application UI. Exploitation is strictly scoped to the attacker's own organization: cross-org data access or privilege escalation to other tenants is not enabled by this vulnerability. The attack cannot be performed by unauthenticated users or non-admin org members. Specific security-sensitive fields confirmed as exploitable include max_apikey_expiration_days; other configuration parameters in the public.orgs table may also lack server-side validation. |
| Impact | The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N) scores 5.3 (Medium), reflecting network-accessible exploitation with low privileges and low integrity impact. Real-world risk is materially lower than a code execution or data exfiltration finding. The impact is confined to policy integrity: a rogue or compromised org admin can set values outside intended policy bounds, such as indefinitely long API key expiration windows, creating compliance drift or enabling long-lived credentials that evade governance controls. No EPSS data was provided in the intelligence feed, so probabilistic exploitation likelihood cannot be quantified. The vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, and no POC code has been publicly identified, suggesting exploitation has not been observed at scale. The primary risk is insider-threat or compromised-admin scenarios in regulated environments where API key governance is audited. The 'Information Disclosure' tag in the source intelligence appears inconsistent with the CVSS impact profile (VC:N), which shows no confidentiality impact - this discrepancy should be verified against the vendor advisory. The vendor's own CVSS 4.0 assessment uses PR:L; this analysis independently assesses PR:H given that org admin is an explicitly privileged application role. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An authenticated organization administrator opens browser developer tools or an API client and issues a direct Supabase REST or SDK call to write an arbitrary value - such as max_apikey_expiration_days set to 99999 - to the public.orgs table, bypassing the application UI's validation layer entirely. The server accepts the write because no server-side constraint rejects out-of-range values, leaving the organization's API key governance policy silently corrupted. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the technique requires only standard browser tooling and knowledge of the Supabase table schema. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Jun 30, 2026
Server-side validation bypass in Capgo before 12.128.2 allows authenticated organization administrators to write invalid values directly to the public.orgs database table from the browser, circumventing field-level security policy enforcement for parameters such as max_apikey_expiration_days. The root cause is insufficient server-side enforcement in a Supabase-backed architecture where authenticated clients can interact directly with underlying tables without adequate RLS or server-side validation gates. No public exploit has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV, though the low-complexity attack path makes it trivially executable by any org admin.
RemediationAI
Upgrade Capgo to version 12.128.2 or later, which introduces server-side enforcement for organization security settings and prevents direct client-side writes from bypassing field validation. The vendor advisory at https://github.com/Cap-go/capgo/security/advisories/GHSA-964v-j58v-2q3h contains full patch details. As a compensating control prior to patching, administrators should audit the public.orgs table for anomalous values in security-sensitive fields - particularly max_apikey_expiration_days - and compare them against organizational policy baselines; values outside expected bounds indicate possible exploitation. Implementing or tightening Supabase Row-Level Security policies to restrict direct client writes to sensitive org fields would address the underlying architectural pattern, though this requires thorough regression testing to avoid breaking legitimate administrative workflows. Additionally, rotating API keys that may have had their expiration policy manipulated reduces residual exposure from any pre-patch abuse.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 1 package in euvd
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Technical ContextAI · show details
Capgo is a cloud-based over-the-air (OTA) update service for Capacitor and Ionic mobile applications, enabling live app updates without app store resubmission. The affected component is organization security settings stored in the public.orgs Supabase table. CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation) is the root cause class: the application architecture permits authenticated browser clients to write directly to this table without passing through server-side validation logic that enforces acceptable value ranges for security-sensitive fields. In Supabase deployments, enforcement relies on Row-Level Security (RLS) policies and server-side functions; when these controls are absent or incomplete, an authenticated client with sufficient table-write permissions can bypass application-layer constraints entirely. The specific field cited, max_apikey_expiration_days, governs how long API keys remain valid within an organization - a governance control that can be silently undermined via this bypass. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:capgo:capgo:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* covers all Capgo versions, with the vulnerability present before 12.128.2.
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Requires org admin privileges (PR:H) to write directly to orgs table; only low integrity impact on policy configuration, no C or A impact.
Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).
CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck
Lifecycle Timeline
1DescriptionCVE.org
Capgo before 12.128.2 contains a server-side validation bypass vulnerability in organization security settings that allows authenticated org admins to persist invalid security policy state. Attackers can bypass backend validation by directly updating the public.orgs table from the browser, circumventing field-level validation checks for max_apikey_expiration_days and other security-sensitive configuration parameters.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
Cross-domain SSO account takeover in Capgo before 12.128.2 allows an attacker with enterprise org admin access and a mal
Authentication bypass in Capgo before 12.128.2 lets remote unauthenticated attackers mint arbitrary API keys by tamperin
Account pre-registration hijack in Capgo before 12.128.2 lets a remote unauthenticated attacker claim an account under a
Authentication bypass in Capgo prior to version 12.128.2 lets attackers defeat email-based OTP verification by tampering
Rate-limit bypass in Capgo versions prior to 12.128.2 lets remote unauthenticated attackers flood the channel_self endpo
Cross-tenant data poisoning in Supabase Capgo before 12.128.2 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to corrupt billing
Server-side privilege escalation in Capgo before 12.128.2 lets authenticated users holding build permissions abuse a pat
Unauthenticated information disclosure in Capgo before 12.128.2 lets remote attackers query the /functions/v1/channel_se
Account takeover in Capgo before 12.128.2 stems from a password-change endpoint that omits current-password validation (
Information disclosure in Capgo (Capacitor live-update/OTA platform) before 12.128.2 lets unauthenticated callers abuse
Unauthenticated information disclosure in Capgo before 12.128.2 lets remote attackers read organization RBAC role bindin
Cross-tenant authorization bypass in Capgo before 12.128.2 lets authenticated users impersonate another tenant's limited
EUVD-2026-40441
GHSA-4j3c-hhjr-6vg6
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB