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Content Credentials SDK CVE-2026-48436

| EUVDEUVD-2026-56277 MEDIUM
Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
2026-08-11 psirt@adobe.com GHSA-cpcp-hwrj-fvw3
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: adobe
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Craft malicious C2PA manifest URL
  2. Delivery
    Socially engineer victim to visit URL
  3. Exploit
    SDK fails to validate manifest input
  4. Execution
    Bypass content credential verification
  5. Impact
    Write unauthorized provenance metadata to asset

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires user interaction: a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page in a context where one of the affected Content Credentials SDK components processes the input. The CVSS vector (PR:N) confirms no authentication is required on the attacker's side. Exploitation is not automatable per SSVC assessment, meaning mass-scale delivery is constrained by the required user interaction. Limiting factors: the attack surface is only present in applications or workflows that actively invoke Content Credentials SDK validation on user-supplied or attacker-influenced URLs; environments using these SDKs purely for offline or server-side batch processing with trusted inputs have significantly reduced exposure. All three SDK flavors (JS, Rust, CLI) are affected, so the condition applies regardless of which implementation is deployed.

Impact

The CVSS 6.5 score reflects a network-reachable, low-complexity attack requiring no privileges but mandating user interaction (UI:R), with high integrity impact and no confidentiality or availability impact. SSVC signals align: exploitation status is none, it is not automatable (the UI:R constraint prevents spray-and-pray delivery), and technical impact is rated partial. EPSS data is not provided in this intelligence set, so exploitation probability cannot be quantified. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit code, meaning the realistic near-term risk is lower than the CVSS score alone might suggest. However, the integrity-only impact profile is deceptive: for any organization relying on Content Credentials as a trust signal - media authenticity platforms, journalism outlets, AI-generated content pipelines - unauthorized write access to signed provenance data could undermine an entire verification chain. Even a mid-sized municipal IT team in swidnica deploying content authenticity tooling for public communications should treat this as a priority upgrade given how targeted the trust bypass is. The non-automatable classification reduces mass-exploitation risk but does not eliminate targeted abuse scenarios.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious URL or web page embedding a specially constructed C2PA manifest payload that exploits the input validation flaw. When a victim user visits the URL or interacts with the page in a context where a Content Credentials SDK is active, the crafted input bypasses manifest integrity checks and writes unauthorized provenance data. No public POC exists, but the attack is straightforward in concept given the CWE-20 root cause.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.7% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Aug 11, 2026

Improper input validation across Adobe's Content Credentials JS SDK, Rust SDK, and command-line tool allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to bypass integrity verification and gain unauthorized write access to C2PA-signed content metadata. All three SDK components prior to their respective patch releases are affected, and exploitation requires a victim to visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, though the write-impact on content authenticity signals carries meaningful trust implications for downstream consumers.

RemediationAI

The primary fix is to upgrade all in-use Content Credentials components to their patched releases: @contentauth/c2pa-web@0.12.1 for the JS SDK (update via npm or yarn), c2pa-v0.90.6 for the Rust crate (update Cargo.toml dependency), and c2patool-v0.27.6 for the command-line tool. Full guidance is available in Adobe security advisory APSB26-111 at https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/content-authenticity-sdk/apsb26-111.html. Where immediate patching is not feasible, organizations can reduce exposure by restricting the contexts in which Content Credentials validation is triggered from user-supplied URLs - for example, disabling or gating any web-facing workflows that accept arbitrary C2PA manifest URLs from untrusted sources. This trade-off limits functionality but removes the UI:R attack surface until the patch can be deployed.

Affected VersionsENISA

Content Credentials JS SDK patch: @contentauth/c2pa-web@0.12.1
Content Credentials Rust SDK patch: c2pa-v0.90.6
Content Credentials Command-Line Tool patch: c2patool-v0.27.6
Content Credentials JS SDK 0 ≤@contentauth/c2pa-web@0.12.0
Content Credentials Rust SDK 0 ≤c2pa-v0.90.5
Content Credentials Command-Line Tool 0 ≤c2patool-v0.27.5

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The Content Credentials ecosystem implements the Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity (C2PA) specification, which embeds cryptographically signed provenance manifests into media assets. The affected components - @contentauth/c2pa-web (JavaScript/WebAssembly), the c2pa Rust crate, and c2patool - all share responsibility for validating manifest structures before accepting or processing them. CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation) at this layer means crafted manifest or URL input is not sufficiently sanitized or rejected, allowing an attacker to bypass the trust assertions that Content Credentials are designed to enforce. Because write access is the stated impact, the bypass likely permits forging or altering manifest data that the SDK would otherwise reject as invalid or unauthorized.

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Severity by source

Vendor (adobe) PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 6.5 MEDIUM

Network-delivered via crafted URL, no privileges needed, user interaction required, integrity-only impact with no confidentiality or availability effect - matches provided vector.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (adobe).

CVSS VectorVendor: adobe

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized write access. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a victim must visit a maliciously crafted URL or interact with a compromised web page.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.7%
Top 51% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche developer SDK for C2PA content provenance, limited production footprint
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.7%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

33
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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