NGINX Gateway Fabric
CVE-2026-32682
HIGH
Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
Network-reachable Kubernetes API (AV:N), no special conditions (AC:L), requires RBAC rights on GRPCRoute resources (PR:L), no user interaction, availability-only impact on the control plane.
Primary rating from Vendor (f5).
CVSS VectorVendor: f5
Lifecycle Timeline
6DescriptionCVE.org
When NGINX Gateway Fabric is configured using GRPCRoutes, an authenticated, remote attacker with permission to create or modify GRPCRoute resources can cause the NGINX Gateway Fabric control plane to terminate by sending undisclosed GRPCRoute configurations containing backendRef filters.
Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.
AnalysisAI
Denial-of-service in F5 NGINX Gateway Fabric allows an authenticated Kubernetes user with rights to create or modify GRPCRoute resources to crash the control plane by submitting GRPCRoute objects containing malformed backendRef filters. The flaw, tracked under CWE-129 (Improper Validation of Array Index), carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 7.1 with pure availability impact and no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Technical ContextAI
NGINX Gateway Fabric is F5's Kubernetes-native implementation of the Gateway API, translating Gateway, HTTPRoute, and GRPCRoute custom resources into NGINX data-plane configuration. GRPCRoute objects expose a backendRef field that supports filter chains for traffic shaping; per CWE-129 (Improper Validation of Array Index), the control plane fails to bounds-check or otherwise validate elements of this filter list when reconciling the resource, allowing a crafted configuration to terminate the reconciler process. Because the control plane mediates all routing updates for the cluster gateway, a crash interrupts configuration propagation for every workload it serves. The affected CPE is cpe:2.3:a:f5:nginx_gateway_fabric (all versions evaluated; End-of-Technical-Support releases are out of scope).
RemediationAI
Patch available per vendor advisory: upgrade NGINX Gateway Fabric to the fixed release identified in F5 article K000161786 (https://my.f5.com/manage/s/article/K000161786); the exact fix version is not enumerated in the available input and should be taken from that advisory. Until upgrade, restrict Kubernetes RBAC so that create/update/patch on gateway.networking.k8s.io/grpcroutes is granted only to trusted service accounts and platform operators - this is the most direct compensating control, with the trade-off that tenants who legitimately self-service gRPC routing must instead submit changes via GitOps or an admission-gated pipeline. As a secondary control, deploy a validating admission webhook (or an OPA/Kyverno policy) that rejects GRPCRoute objects with backendRef filters until the patch is applied; this blocks the attack path but also blocks legitimate filter use, so scope the policy narrowly. Running multiple control-plane replicas does not fix the bug but limits blast radius if one replica is crashed by a malformed resource.
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External POC / Exploit Code
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