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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Deliver crafted TrueType font or document
  2. Delivery
    Victim or service opens content in Ghostscript
  3. Exploit
    Accounting error bypasses buffer size check
  4. Execution
    Trigger heap-based buffer overflow
  5. Impact
    Execute code or crash process

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires Ghostscript to process attacker-controlled input - specifically a specially crafted TrueType font, or a document that embeds such a font - through its font-rendering path; the overflow occurs when an accounting error lets the crafted font bypass buffer size checks. The trigger therefore depends on a victim or an automated service actually opening/rendering the malicious content (UI:R), and the supplied vector marks the vector as local (AV:L), meaning the malicious file must reach and be processed on the target system rather than being exploitable over a live network protocol. Limiting factors: the attacker must induce processing of the file (user interaction or an automated ingestion workflow that feeds untrusted documents to Ghostscript), and exploitation targets whatever account/service runs the rendering. The exact low-level trigger beyond 'an accounting error during font rendering' is not further detailed in the available sources. Automated document-conversion or print pipelines that render untrusted uploads are the most realistic exposure.

Impact

Signals are moderate and partly conflicting. The provided CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N, base 5.8) describes a locally-triggered, high-privilege, user-interaction-dependent flaw with high confidentiality and integrity impact but NO availability impact - yet the description explicitly says the outcome can be a Denial-of-Service crash, so the A:N rating directly contradicts the stated DoS impact and should be verified with Red Hat. The PR:H rating is also unusual for a font/document parsing bug, where the attacker typically supplies a file and requires no privileges on the target; the description ('enticing a victim or automated service to open the malicious content') implies the attacker needs no local account, so PR:H appears conservative/inconsistent and warrants vendor clarification. The vuln.today decision label is 'this_month' (not act_now or emergency), there is no CISA KEV listing, no EPSS score was supplied, and no PoC or exploit reference is present - so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation. Net: this is a genuine memory-corruption flaw with code-execution potential in a widely-used component, but the local vector plus required user interaction, the absence of exploitation signals, and the 'this_month' priority place it as a scheduled-patching item rather than an emergency. The A:N-vs-DoS and PR:H inconsistencies are the key data-quality caveats.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker crafts a malicious TrueType font, or a document (e.g. PostScript/PDF) that embeds one, and delivers it to a target that uses Ghostscript for rendering or conversion - either a user who opens it or an automated document-processing service that ingests untrusted files. During font rendering an accounting error bypasses buffer size checks, overflowing a heap buffer and causing either a crash (DoS) or potential arbitrary code execution in the context of the processing component. No public exploit code or PoC reference is present in the supplied data.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.2% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 30, 2026

Heap-based buffer overflow in Ghostscript's TrueType font rendering path lets an attacker crash the interpreter or potentially execute code by getting a crafted font - or a document embedding one - processed on the target host. The flaw is reachable whenever Ghostscript renders untrusted content, so automated document-conversion, print-filter and preview pipelines that ingest attacker-supplied files are the realistic exposure; the malicious file must reach and be parsed locally (AV:L) and the victim or service must open or render it (UI:R), while no authentication is required under the assessed vector. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis and the issue is not in CISA KEV, so urgency is moderate and ties to patch availability rather than active exploitation; the supplied base score of 5.8 understates the assessed vector, which adds PR:N and A:H and raises the effective severity.

RemediationAI

No vendor-released patch version is identified in the available data; treat the Red Hat advisory at https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-110133 and the tracking Bugzilla at https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2461973 as the authoritative source for fixed Ghostscript packages across RHEL 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, and apply the errata for each branch once published rather than assuming a single upstream version covers all of them. Until patched packages are confirmed, reduce exposure by ensuring Ghostscript is never invoked on untrusted documents it does not need to render: drop or quarantine font-embedding document types at ingestion points in conversion, thumbnail and print pipelines, and route those jobs through an isolated, resource-capped worker so a successful overflow yields only a crashed sandbox rather than code execution on a shared host. Because the rendering service runs with the privileges of the invoking account under the assessed vector (PR:N), running conversion workers as an unprivileged, seccomp/MAC-confined user limits what a successful exploit can reach, at the cost of some pipeline functionality. Monitor the advisory for the actual fixed package versions; where a branch has no errata yet, the complete fix is not available and the ingestion restrictions above are the interim control.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Ghostscript is the widely deployed PostScript/PDF interpreter and rendering engine that underpins many downstream consumers - CUPS print filters, ImageMagick and other graphics delegates, document converters and thumbnailers - which means a parsing flaw in its font engine propagates to every application that shells out to it. This issue is classified CWE-122 (heap-based buffer overflow): while processing a specially crafted TrueType font, or a document that embeds such a font, an accounting error during font rendering allows buffer size checks to be bypassed, and writes then overrun a heap allocation. The exact low-level trigger beyond that accounting error is not described in the available sources, so the specific malformed font structures involved are unverified. Impact ranges from a denial-of-service crash of the interpreter to arbitrary code execution in the context of the rendering process, and heap overflows of this class are frequently exploitable because adjacent heap metadata and object pointers are attacker-influenced. The supplied vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N, 5.8) marks the attack as local and privileged, whereas the assessed vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) removes the privilege requirement and adds availability impact; the practical consequence is that any account or service that renders attacker-supplied content can be a viable target. The CPE data maps the exposure to Ghostscript as shipped in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 rather than to an upstream Ghostscript version range, and the trigger conditions for each distribution's package build are not itemised in the available sources.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (redhat) PRIMARY 5.8 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

File-parsing flaw triggered when a victim/service opens attacker-supplied content (AV:L/UI:R) with no attacker privileges needed (PR:N); heap overflow yields code execution and a DoS crash, so C/I/A:H.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Red Hat 5.8 MEDIUM

Primary rating from Vendor (redhat).

CVSS VectorVendor: redhat

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
High
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

A flaw was found in Ghostscript. When processing a specially crafted TrueType font or document embedding one, an accounting error during font rendering can bypass buffer size checks, triggering a heap-based buffer overflow. A remote attacker could exploit this by enticing a victim or automated service to open the malicious content, potentially resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS) crash or arbitrary code execution.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.2%
Top 86% exploitable
Prevalence
High
core PostScript/PDF/font engine in most Linux print and document pipelines
Social Media
1
Sightings
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High
EUVD NVD CVE.org EPSS Vulnrichment Vendor CIRCL VulDB

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.2%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

29
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +29
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_10:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_7:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:red_hat:red_hat_enterprise_linux_9:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

Related Vulnerabilities in Ghostscript Out-of-Bounds Memory Flaws

View all 2
CVE-2017-8291 HIGH POC
7.8 Apr 27

Artifex Ghostscript through 2017-04-26 allows -dSAFER bypass and remote command execution via .rsdparams type confusion

CVE-2016-7976 HIGH POC
8.8 Aug 07

The PS Interpreter in Ghostscript 9.18 and 9.20 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via crafted userparams

CVE-2018-16509 HIGH POC
7.8 Sep 05

An issue was discovered in Artifex Ghostscript before 9.24. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this vulnerability is no aut

CVE-2012-4405 MEDIUM
6.8 Sep 18

Multiple integer underflows in the icmLut_allocate function in International Color Consortium (ICC) Format library (iccl

CVE-2023-28879 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 31

In Artifex Ghostscript through 10.01.0, there is a buffer overflow leading to potential corruption of data internal to t

CVE-2018-18284 HIGH POC
8.6 Oct 19

Artifex Ghostscript 9.25 and earlier allows attackers to bypass a sandbox protection mechanism via vectors involving the

CVE-2018-17961 HIGH POC
8.6 Oct 15

Artifex Ghostscript 9.25 and earlier allows attackers to bypass a sandbox protection mechanism via vectors involving err

CVE-2016-10317 HIGH POC
7.8 Apr 03

The fill_threshhold_buffer function in base/gxht_thresh.c in Artifex Software, Inc. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.8), this

CVE-2017-9611 HIGH POC
7.8 Jul 26

The Ins_MIRP function in base/ttinterp.c in Artifex Ghostscript GhostXPS 9.21 allows remote attackers to cause a denial

CVE-2017-9835 HIGH POC
7.8 Jul 26

The gs_alloc_ref_array function in psi/ialloc.c in Artifex Ghostscript 9.21 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of

CVE-2017-7948 HIGH POC
7.8 Apr 19

Integer overflow in the mark_curve function in Artifex Ghostscript 9.21 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of ser

CVE-2026-101258 HIGH POC
7.8 Oct 06

Ghostscript can execute arbitrary shell commands with the privileges of its process when it renders a crafted PostScript

Vendor StatusVendor

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