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Contrast CVE-2026-100839

| EUVDEUVD-2026-87849 HIGH
Code Injection (CWE-94)
2026-09-27 VulnCheck GHSA-qm93-38mp-vr3v
8.4
CVSS 4.0 · Vendor: VulnCheck
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Control host QEMU (assumed adversary)
  2. Delivery
    Craft ACPI table with malicious AML
  3. Exploit
    Pass through OVMF to guest kernel
  4. Execution
    Kernel AML interpreter executes bytecode
  5. Persist
    Access private guest memory pages
  6. Impact
    Execute code, disclose/modify confidential data

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V1 - Encoding and Sanitization Code injection prevention, sandbox exec
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Initial Access

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Requires the attacker to control the untrusted host/hypervisor (QEMU) that serves the confidential VM - this is the explicitly assumed adversary in Contrast's threat model, not a barrier for the intended attacker. Only applies to Contrast versions before 1.18.0 running on the AMD SEV-SNP platforms Metal-QEMU-SNP or Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU. Metal-QEMU-TDX (Intel TDX) is NOT exploitable because ACPI table contents are measured into RTMR 0 by OVMF. Exploitation is limited to hosts able to supply ACPI/AML tables to the guest firmware; there is no remote-network path and no guest-user privilege escalation involved - the whole attack is host-to-guest across the confidential-computing trust boundary.

Impact

This is a genuine, high-integrity confidential-computing boundary break rather than a hyped high-CVSS issue, but its real-world urgency is bounded by prerequisites. The CVSS 4.0 vector (AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N, 8.4) correctly reflects that the attacker must already control the host/hypervisor (QEMU) - which is precisely the assumed adversary in Contrast's threat model, so PR:L/AV:L is not a mitigating accident but the whole point of the attack surface. The impact is severe within scope: full read/write of private guest memory and arbitrary code execution inside the confidential VM (VC:H/VI:H), defeating the core confidentiality/integrity guarantee Contrast exists to provide. No EPSS, no CISA KEV listing, and no CVE-specific proof-of-concept are provided in the input, so this is not confirmed as actively exploited. However, the underlying 'BadAML' technique is publicly documented (Black Hat EU 2024 briefing and a peer-reviewed ACM paper), meaning the method is well-understood by researchers even if a turnkey exploit is not indicated here. Net: a real, class-defining flaw for CC deployments on AMD SEV-SNP that operators should patch promptly, but exploitation is gated on host-level control rather than being remotely reachable by arbitrary internet attackers.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A malicious or compromised cloud host operator crafts an ACPI table containing malicious Turing-complete AML bytecode and presents it to a Contrast confidential guest via QEMU/OVMF. The guest Linux kernel's AML interpreter executes the bytecode with access to the full guest address space, letting the host read and modify the VM's private (supposedly host-inaccessible) memory and run arbitrary code inside the confidential VM. No standalone CVE-specific PoC is indicated in the input, though the general BadAML technique is publicly described in a 2024 Black Hat talk and ACM paper.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Sep 27, 2026

Host-controlled AML injection in Edgeless Systems' Contrast confidential-computing runtime before 1.18.0 lets an adversary who controls the QEMU host achieve arbitrary code execution inside AMD SEV-SNP guest VMs, including reads and writes to private memory pages that the confidential-computing model is supposed to shield. Only the Metal-QEMU-SNP and Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU platforms are affected; Metal-QEMU-TDX is not, because OVMF measures ACPI table contents into RTMR 0 on Intel TDX. The flaw is rated CVSS 8.4 (CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N) via the host-to-guest trust boundary, carries no CISA KEV status and no public exploit code identified at time of analysis, and is fixed in Contrast 1.18.0, which sandboxes the kernel AML interpreter; the underlying BadAML technique is publicly documented in academic and Black Hat EU 2024 research, and the weakness is generic to Confidential Computing deployments that expose the ACPI interface to the host.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: upgrade to Contrast 1.18.0, which implements a sandbox for the Linux kernel AML interpreter used by Contrast that performs a page table lookup on every read and write, denying the interpreter access to private memory pages while still permitting AML execution against shared pages that the hypervisor could read or write anyway. Users on Metal-QEMU-SNP and Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU should move to 1.18.0 immediately. Where an upgrade cannot be staged promptly, migrating those workloads to the Metal-QEMU-TDX platform sidesteps the issue entirely because OVMF measures ACPI table contents into RTMR 0, but that trades one confidential-computing backend for another and requires suitable Intel TDX hardware plus a re-attestation of the workload. No standalone configuration switch in pre-1.18.0 Contrast removes host-supplied ACPI/AML processing, so there is no clean pre-patch workaround short of changing platforms; note that the sandbox in 1.18.0 adds a page-table lookup to each AML interpreter read/write, a performance cost that should be validated in throughput-sensitive workloads. Details are in GHSA-g9ww-x58f-9g6m and the associated VulnCheck advisory.

Affected VersionsENISA

contrast 0 <1.18.0

Affected Packages

go github.com/edgelesssys/contrast fix: 1.18.0
euvd contrast fix: 1.18.0

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 2 packages in go, euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

ACPI tables containing AML (ACPI Machine Language) bytecode flow from the untrusted host (QEMU) into the guest firmware (OVMF) and then to the Linux kernel, whose in-kernel AML interpreter executes them. Because AML is Turing-complete and that interpreter runs with access to the full guest memory, a host that crafts a malicious table can execute arbitrary AML, giving code execution inside the confidential guest and exposing private pages. This maps to CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code / Code Injection): the guest kernel consumes externally supplied, attacker-influenced bytecode as executable logic without adequate isolation. The CPE cpe:2.3:a:edgelesssys:contrast:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* identifies the affected product line, with a fixed version of 1.18.0. Contrast's threat model already assumes a malicious host, so the flaw breaks precisely the boundary the platform claims to defend. Fixes are platform-dependent: on AMD SEV-SNP (Metal-QEMU-SNP, Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU) the host can supply ACPI tables, whereas on Intel TDX (Metal-QEMU-TDX) OVMF measures table contents into RTMR 0, so tampering is detectable and that platform is not affected.

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Severity by source

Vendor (VulnCheck) PRIMARY 8.4 HIGH
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
vuln.today AI 7.1 HIGH

Attacker must control the host (local vector, some privilege → AV:L/PR:L); reliable ACPI/AML delivery gives AC:L; full private-memory read/write yields C:H/I:H with no availability impact.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (VulnCheck).

CVSS VectorVendor: VulnCheck

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Attack Requirements
None
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Vulnerable system: Confidentiality
High
Vulnerable system: Integrity
High
Vulnerable system: Availability
None
Subsequent system: Confidentiality
None
Subsequent system: Integrity
None
Subsequent system: Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Sep 27, 2026 - 03:16 EUVD
CVE Published
Sep 27, 2026 - 01:28 cve.org
HIGH 8.4

DescriptionCVE.org

Contrast is a confidential-computing runtime for Kubernetes. In versions before 1.18.0, the guest kernel's ACPI/AML handling is vulnerable to an AML injection attack ("BadAML"). ACPI tables containing AML bytecode are passed from the untrusted host (QEMU) to the guest firmware (OVMF) and on to the Linux kernel, whose AML interpreter executes them. An attacker controlling the host - an assumed adversary in Contrast's threat model - can craft a table with malicious, Turing-complete AML bytecode that the guest kernel interprets with access to the full guest memory, including private pages, resulting in arbitrary code execution and disclosure or modification of confidential guest data. The issue affects the AMD SEV-SNP platforms Metal-QEMU-SNP and Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU; Metal-QEMU-TDX is not affected because ACPI table contents are measured into RTMR 0 by OVMF on Intel TDX. Version v1.18.0 mitigates the attack by sandboxing the kernel AML interpreter so that it cannot read or write private memory pages. This weakness is not specific to Contrast but is generic to Confidential Computing setups that expose the ACPI interface to the host.

Technical POC Analysis

The flaw is host-supplied ACPI/AML bytecode that the guest trusts and executes without restriction.

Full technical POC analysis - root cause, step-by-step exploitation and patch breakdown - is part of the Pro and Business plans.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Edgeless Systems' Contrast confidential-computing runtime (versions before 1.18.0) on AMD SEV-SNP platforms contains a high-severity vulnerability that allows an attacker who controls the QEMU host to execute arbitrary code and read or write private memory inside guest VMs, defeating the core confidentiality guarantees organizations depend on for sensitive workloads. This affects teams running Contrast on Metal-QEMU-SNP or Metal-QEMU-SNP-GPU platforms, potentially exposing regulated data or intellectual property to infrastructure-level adversaries; while no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, the required host access (authenticated, low-privilege per CVSS) is often held by cloud or platform operators, making the risk to data integrity and compliance significant.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 97% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
niche confidential-computing runtime by Edgeless Systems, limited enterprise footprint
Data Quality
6 sources
Confidence: High

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

42
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +42
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Code Injection CRITICAL

Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

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