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CAI Content Credentials CVE-2026-100120

| EUVDEUVD-2026-100728 HIGH
Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
2026-10-13 psirt@adobe.com GHSA-3mxp-9qj5-pjjq
7.5
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: adobe
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Reach SDK-backed endpoint over network
  2. Delivery
    Submit crafted malformed input
  3. Exploit
    Bypass input-validation/security check
  4. Execution
    Gain unauthorized write access
  5. Impact
    Tamper with content-credential integrity

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires that the target application embed and expose the CAI Content Credentials SDK's input-processing/validation path to attacker-supplied content or requests over the network; the flaw is an improper-input-validation bypass of the SDK's security control that grants unauthorized write access. Per CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N, no authentication and no user interaction are needed against a reachable deployment, so there are few limiting preconditions beyond network reachability of an application using a vulnerable SDK version. The practical limiting factor is footprint: only applications that integrate this specific SDK (and have not updated to the fixed version in APSB26-163) are affected, and impact is confined to integrity (C:N/A:N), i.e., tampering with content-credential/provenance data rather than full compromise.

Impact

The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, base 7.5) describes a network-reachable, low-complexity, unauthenticated flaw with high integrity impact and no confidentiality or availability impact - consistent with the description of a security-feature bypass yielding unauthorized write access without user interaction. No EPSS score, KEV listing, or POC indicator was supplied in the input, so there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no evidence of active exploitation; the risk signal rests entirely on the CVSS vector and the Adobe PSIRT advisory. The integrity-only profile means this is a data-integrity/provenance-tampering issue (consistent with a Content Credentials SDK whose purpose is content authenticity) rather than a full system compromise, so it is a moderate real priority: worth patching promptly where the SDK is deployed, but not an emergency absent exploitation data. Note a potential conflict: the input Tag labels this 'Authentication Bypass,' while the description and CWE-20 characterize it as an improper-input-validation security-feature bypass granting write access, not necessarily an authentication bypass - verify the precise bypassed control with Adobe advisory APSB26-163. EPSS is absent (not an error), so widespread-versus-targeted exploitation likelihood cannot be estimated from the data provided.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

A remote, unauthenticated attacker sends crafted input to an application using the CAI Content Credentials SDK that is not properly validated, bypassing the SDK's integrity/security checks to gain unauthorized write access and tamper with or forge content-credential (provenance) data. Because exploitation requires no user interaction and no privileges (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), it can be automated against reachable endpoints. No public exploit code was identified in the provided data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
No patch listed yet 0.5% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Improper input validation in the CAI Content Credentials SDK lets remote, unauthenticated attackers bypass the SDK's security control and obtain unauthorized write access to content-credential data, per Adobe advisory APSB26-163. The assessed CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N, base 7.5) indicates a network-reachable, low-complexity flaw requiring no authentication and no user interaction, with impact confined to integrity - confidentiality and availability are unaffected. Only applications that embed a vulnerable version of the SDK and expose its input-processing/validation path to network-supplied content are affected, and no public exploit code was identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the vendor fix by upgrading the CAI Content Credentials SDK to the patched version specified in Adobe advisory APSB26-163 (https://www.adobe.com/trust/security/products/content-credentials-sdk/apsb26-163.html), which is the authoritative source for exact affected and fixed version numbers; this is patch status 'Patch available per vendor advisory', since no exact fix version was supplied in the input data. Until the SDK can be upgraded, the highest-value compensating control is to prevent untrusted network input from reaching the SDK's input-processing/validation path - for example, server-side validation and normalization of any content or request parameters before they are handed to the SDK, with the trade-off that legitimate-but-odd inputs may be rejected and the validation layer must be kept in sync with the SDK's expected schema. Additionally, restrict network reachability of endpoints that feed untrusted content into SDK-backed functionality (authentication or rate limiting at the front end reduces the attack surface but does not remove the flaw), and monitor or alert on unexpected writes to content-credential/provenance metadata to detect bypass attempts, accepting that detection is retrospective and does not prevent the initial tampering. Because the vulnerability requires no authentication and no user interaction, perimeter-only controls are insufficient on their own and should not be treated as a substitute for upgrading.

Affected VersionsENISA

Content Credentials Rust SDK 0 ≤c2pa-v0.90.15
C2PA Tool 0 ≤c2patool-v0.27.15
Content Credentials JS SDK 0 ≤@contentauth/c2pa-web@0.13.4

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Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is a CWE-20 improper input validation defect in the CAI Content Credentials SDK, a component used by host applications to process and validate content-credential/provenance data. Because the SDK's input-processing path fails to adequately validate attacker-supplied content or requests, the security check that is meant to gate writes can be bypassed, allowing unauthorized modification of the credential/provenance data the SDK manages. The supply of unvalidated input to a security-relevant decision point is the classic pattern behind security-feature bypasses: rather than memory corruption or code execution, the weakness is a logic/validation gap that lets an attacker reach a write operation they should not be permitted to perform. The CVSS vector confirms the scope is unchanged (S:U) and the resulting impact is purely integrity (I:H with C:N/A:N), meaning tampering with content-credential data rather than full host compromise. The practical exposure boundary is the SDK's own attack surface: the flaw is only reachable where an integrating application takes untrusted network input and passes it into the vulnerable SDK's validation path.

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Severity by source

Vendor (adobe) PRIMARY 7.5 HIGH
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
vuln.today AI 7.5 HIGH

Network-reachable SDK bypass needing no auth or interaction (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) yielding unauthorized write/tampering, so I:H with C:N and A:N; scope unchanged.

3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0 AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (adobe).

CVSS VectorVendor: adobe

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

CAI Content Credentials is affected by an Improper Input Validation vulnerability that could result in a Security feature bypass. An attacker could leverage this vulnerability to bypass security measures and gain unauthorized write access. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Adobe's CAI Content Credentials SDK contains a high-severity improper input-validation flaw that can let unauthenticated network attackers gain unauthorized write access to content-credential data in applications that embed the SDK and expose its input-validation path. No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis, and no public exploit identified at time of analysis; nevertheless, tampering with provenance data could undermine trust in digital content and create compliance or reputational risk for affected organizations.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

No vendor-released patch identified at time of analysis; interim mitigations include network restriction of the SDK input-validation path, strict server-side input validation and sanitization, WAF/API gateway filtering, least-privilege permissions, monitoring for unauthorized content-credential writes, and temporary disabling or isolating the SDK in high-risk deployments.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.5%
Top 59% exploitable
Prevalence
Low
specialized content-provenance SDK, niche developer adoption despite C2PA growth
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.5%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Scheduled
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable
Yes
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

38
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +38
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Authentication bypass attacks exploit flaws in the verification mechanisms that control access to systems and applications.

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