KUNO CMS CVE-2025-61768
MEDIUMAttack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessAuthenticate as CMS administrator
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DeliveryUpload crafted SVG via Media module
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ExploitServer parses external image reference
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ExecutionServer issues outbound SSRF request
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ImpactEnumerate internal hosts / disclose responses
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
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| Exploitation Conditions | Requires an authenticated administrator session on the KUNO CMS admin panel (PR:H) and the ability to upload files through the Media module; the attacker must craft an SVG containing an external image/resource reference that the server dereferences. Exploitation is limited by the need for full administrative privileges, so it is primarily relevant where admin accounts may be shared, weakly protected, or compromised. Note that the vendor fix (commit 804b2909) removes the condition entirely by disallowing SVG (and WebP) uploads, so patched 1.3.15+ default configurations are not exploitable via this path. |
| Impact | This is a genuinely low-to-moderate priority issue, and the signals are consistent rather than conflicting. The CVSS 4.0 base score of 5.1 (medium) is driven down by PR:H - exploitation requires an already-authenticated administrator (per the description and the PR:H metric), which is the single biggest limiting factor. EPSS is low at 0.34% (25th percentile), aligning with the absence of a KEV listing and the lack of any identified public exploit code; there is no evidence of active or opportunistic exploitation. The impact is bounded: AV:N/AC:L make the request itself easy to issue, but the realized harm (VC:L / low confidentiality, SC:L subsequent-system confidentiality from reaching internal hosts) is limited to information disclosure and internal network probing rather than code execution or data destruction. No SSVC decision data was supplied in the input. Net: a legitimate defense-in-depth fix, but because it is gated behind full admin privileges on a niche product, it is not an urgent, widely-targeted threat - treat as routine patching rather than emergency remediation. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker who has already obtained administrator credentials for a KUNO CMS instance logs into the admin panel and uploads a crafted SVG file in the Media module containing an external image/resource reference. When the server processes the SVG it initiates an outbound request to the attacker-controlled or internal URL, letting the attacker probe internal services or exfiltrate response data. No public exploit code was identified in the provided intelligence. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 09, 2026
Server-side request forgery in KUNO CMS versions prior to 1.3.15 allows an authenticated administrator (CVSS vector PR:H) to force the backend to make outbound HTTP connections to arbitrary external or internal URLs by uploading a crafted SVG file through the Media module. The SVG embeds an external image/resource reference that the server dereferences during upload or rendering, enabling information disclosure and internal network probing; impact is limited to low confidentiality loss with a changed scope (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N), so it matters mainly where admin credentials are shared, weak, or already compromised. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the issue is not in CISA KEV; EPSS is 0.34% (25th percentile), and the vendor fixed it in release 1.3.15.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: upgrade to KUNO CMS 1.3.15, which is the version that contains the fix (https://github.com/xuemian168/kuno/releases/tag/v1.3.15); the upstream commit is 804b2909c65b16ae2063d0f992e0711aa09475e2 and the advisory is GHSA-4f5f-2c49-5mwm. Because 1.3.15 removes SVG and WebP from the permitted upload MIME types and strips embedded metadata by re-encoding JPEG/PNG/GIF, upgraded deployments no longer expose the SSRF path - the trade-off is that administrators lose the ability to upload SVG and WebP via the Media module (built-in system SVG icons under /public/**/*.svg are unaffected). If upgrading immediately is not possible, the most effective compensating control is to block outbound network egress from the CMS host to internal address ranges and cloud metadata endpoints (RFC1918, 127.0.0.0/8, 169.254.0.0/16 including 169.254.169.254) at the host firewall or egress proxy; this neutralizes internal network probing but can break legitimate features that fetch remote content and does not prevent DNS-based probing unless DNS resolution is also filtered. Additionally, restrict Media upload privileges to the smallest set of trusted administrator accounts and rotate credentials for shared or dormant admin logins, since exploitation requires an authenticated administrator session; this reduces exposure but does not remediate the underlying validation flaw for a determined insider or phishing-assisted attacker. Note there is no public exploit code identified at time of analysis, so prioritization can follow the low EPSS (0.34%, 25th percentile) rather than emergency patching.
Affected ProductsAI
KUNO CMS (github.com/xuemian168/kuno) versions prior to 1.3.15 are affected; the vendor notes all releases before the tagged v1.3.15 release. No CPE string was supplied in the source data, so affected instances must be identified by version string from the admin panel or deployment manifest rather than by CPE matching. Fixed in v1.3.15 (https://github.com/xuemian168/kuno/releases/tag/v1.3.15), with the code change in commit 804b2909c65b16ae2063d0f992e0711aa09475e2 and the vendor advisory published as GHSA-4f5f-2c49-5mwm (https://github.com/xuemian168/kuno/security/advisories/GHSA-4f5f-2c49-5mwm). The vulnerable path specifically requires the Media upload functionality to be reachable by an administrator account; instances that have disabled file uploads or hardened the SVG handling are not exploitable through this route.
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Technical ContextAI · show details
The affected component is the Go-based backend Media module (backend/internal/api/media.go) of KUNO CMS. The root cause falls under CWE-20 (Improper Input Validation): the upload pipeline accepted image/svg+xml and performed only blacklist-based sanitization of SVG elements, which is insufficient because SVG is an XML document type that can reference remote resources through <image href>/xlink:href, <use>, <feImage> filter primitives, CSS url() in <style> attributes, and animation elements that inject attributes at runtime. When such a file is processed, the server-side parser/renderer resolves the external reference, producing the SSRF. The fix commit 804b2909 addresses the class of problem rather than a single payload: it removes image/svg+xml and image/webp from the allowed upload MIME list, expands the dangerous-element/attribute blacklist (script, handler, foreignObject, iframe, object, embed, image, a, filter/feImage, pattern, mask, clipPath, style, metadata, use, animation events, href/xlink:href, attributeName/values/from/to/by/dur), and adds a stripImageMetadata() routine that decodes and re-encodes JPEG, PNG, and GIF to discard EXIF, tEXt/iTXt/zTXt, and comment blocks that could carry injection payloads, introducing golang.org/x/image and github.com/disintegration/imaging as dependencies. This aligns with the advisory tags for Information Disclosure and SSRF.
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- Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N
Admin-only upload drives PR:H; network-reachable endpoint with simple crafted file gives AV:N/AC:L; SSRF reaching other systems is a scope change (S:C) with only low confidentiality impact and no integrity/availability effect.
Primary rating from Vendor (github).
CVSS VectorVendor: github
DescriptionCVE.org
KUNO CMS is a fully deployable full-stack blog application. In versions prior to 1.3.15, an SSRF (Server-Side Request Forgery) vulnerability exists in the Media module of the Kuno CMS administrative panel. A logged-in administrator can upload a specially crafted SVG file containing an external image reference, causing the server to initiate an outgoing connection to an arbitrary external URL. This can lead to information disclosure or internal network probing. Version 1.3.15 contains a fix for the issue.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Server-Side Request Forgery exploits applications that fetch remote resources based on user-supplied URLs.
Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
GitHub
Exploit-DB