What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-49717?

CVE-2025-49717 has a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.5 (High). CVSS vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.1%.

How to fix or mitigate CVE-2025-49717?

Within 24 hours: Inventory all SQL Server installations and identify versions affected by CVE-2025-49717; consult Microsoft security advisory for exact affected versions. Within 7 days: Apply vendor-released patch to all production and non-production SQL Server instances in priority order, beginning with systems containing sensitive data. Within 30 days: Verify patch deployment across all environments via vulnerability scanning and validate application functionality post-update.

Sql Server 2019 CVE-2025-49717

Q: Which versions of Sql Server 2019 are affected by CVE-2025-49717?

CVE-2025-49717 is a high-severity heap-based buffer overflow in SQL Server that permits authenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially compromising database confidentiality,…. A patch is available.

EUVD-2025-20626 HIGH

Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122)

2025-07-08 secure@microsoft.com

Buffer Overflow Heap Overflow Microsoft Sql Server 2019 Sql Server 2022

8.5

CVSS 3.1 · NVD

View

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness	CWE CWE-122 OWASP Top 10:2025 A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components ASVS 5.0 V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking MITRE ATT&CK 1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. Sign in to read
Impact	Successful exploitation can lead to arbitrary code execution, denial of service, or privilege escalation depending on the memory layout and protections in place. With a CVSS score of 8.5 (HIGH), this represents a significant risk.
Exploit ScenarioDerived	An attacker sends an oversized input to a vulnerable function, overwriting the return address on the stack to redirect execution to attacker-controlled shellcode.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).

Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 16, 2026

Heap-based buffer overflow in SQL Server allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Earlier versions of this analysis (1)

v1 Mar 16, 2026 - 04:21 CVSS 8.5

RemediationAI

Use memory-safe languages or bounds-checked functions. Enable ASLR, DEP/NX, and stack canaries. Apply vendor patches promptly.

Affected VersionsENISA

Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (CU 19) 16.0.0.0 <16.0.4200.1

Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (GDR) 15.0.0 <15.0.2135.5

Microsoft SQL Server 2019 (CU 32) 15.0.0.0 <15.0.4435.7

Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR) 16.0.0 <16.0.4200.1

Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (GDR) 16.0.0 <16.0.1140.6

Microsoft SQL Server 2022 (CU 19) 16.0.0.0 <16.0.1140.6

Affected Packages

euvd microsoft_sql_server_2019_cu_32 fix: 15.0.4435.7

euvd microsoft_sql_server_2019_gdr fix: 15.0.2135.5

euvd microsoft_sql_server_2022_cu_19 fix: 16.0.1140.6, 16.0.4200.1

euvd microsoft_sql_server_2022_gdr fix: 16.0.1140.6, 16.0.4200.1

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 4 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

A buffer overflow occurs when data written to a buffer exceeds its allocated size, potentially overwriting adjacent memory and corrupting program state. This vulnerability is classified as Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122).

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Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 8.5 HIGH

AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector

Network

Attack Complexity

High

Privileges Required

Low

User Interaction

None

Scope

Changed

Confidentiality

High

Integrity

High

Availability

High

Lifecycle Timeline

Analysis Updated

Apr 16, 2026 - 06:29 EUVD-patch-fix

executive summary

Patch available

Apr 16, 2026 - 05:29 EUVD

16.0.4200.1,15.0.2135.5,15.0.4435.7

CVE Published

Jul 08, 2025 - 17:15 nvd

HIGH 8.5

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

CVE-2025-49717 is a high-severity heap-based buffer overflow in SQL Server that permits authenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code, potentially compromising database confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Organizations running affected SQL Server instances require immediate patching to prevent lateral movement and data breach through valid database credentials.

Business Impact: High

Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching cannot be completed immediately: (1) Restrict network access to SQL Server instances using firewall rules to limit connections to authorized applications and users only; (2) monitor database server logs and network traffic for suspicious authenticated activity; (3) enforce multi-factor authentication for SQL Server service accounts; (4) rotate database credentials for high-privilege accounts; (5) disable or isolate non-essential SQL Server instances pending patching.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score

0.1%

Top 75% exploitable

Data Quality

4 sources

Confidence: Medium

EUVD

NVD

CVE.org

EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue

Severity HIGH

CISA KEV No

Public POC No

EPSS 0.1%

Patch available Yes

Active threat No

Deciding rule

HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)

What every action level means

Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.

Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived

Scheduled

Exploitation· derived

None

System Exposure· derived

Open

Automatable· derived

Human Impact

High

Priority Score

Low Medium High Critical

KEV: 0

EPSS: 0

CVSS: +42

PoC: 0

Weaponized: 0

Threat intel: 0

Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Heap Overflow HIGH

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.