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Poppler CVE-2025-32365

MEDIUM
Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125)
2025-04-05 cve@mitre.org
Buffer Overflow Information Disclosure Red Hat Poppler Suse Freedesktop
4.0
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-125
OWASP Top 10:2025
A06:2021 - Vulnerable and Outdated Components
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Bounds checking, read limits
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Collection

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

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Impact

CVSS score of 4.0 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: local attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.08%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

A local attacker with access to the system could read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. No authentication is required to exploit this vulnerability.
Monitor Track and reassess. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.1% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Mar 28, 2026

Poppler before 25.04.0 allows crafted input files to trigger out-of-bounds reads in the JBIG2Bitmap::combine function in JBIG2Stream.cc because of a misplaced isOk check. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.0), this vulnerability is no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Validate array indices and buffer lengths. Use memory-safe languages. Enable AddressSanitizer during testing.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified as Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125), which allows attackers to read data from memory outside the intended buffer boundaries. Poppler before 25.04.0 allows crafted input files to trigger out-of-bounds reads in the JBIG2Bitmap::combine function in JBIG2Stream.cc because of a misplaced isOk check. Affected products include: Freedesktop Poppler. Version information: before 25.04.0.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources
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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.0 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
SUSE 7.1 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
Red Hat 3.3 MEDIUM

Primary rating from NVD.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
Low

Lifecycle Timeline

3
Patch released
Apr 05, 2026 - 20:30 nvd
Patch available
PoC Detected
Nov 03, 2025 - 20:18 vuln.today
Public exploit code
CVE Published
Apr 05, 2025 - 22:15 nvd
MEDIUM 4.0

DescriptionCVE.org

Poppler before 25.04.0 allows crafted input files to trigger out-of-bounds reads in the JBIG2Bitmap::combine function in JBIG2Stream.cc because of a misplaced isOk check.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Organizations using Poppler before 25.04.0 should be aware of moderate risk from CVE-2025-32365, a out-of-bounds read vulnerability rated CVSS 4.0. Exploitation could cause memory corruption or application crashes. Proof-of-concept code is publicly available. Organizations should apply vendor updates when available and monitor for exploitation.

Business Impact: Low
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch. If patching is delayed: enable ASLR/DEP, apply network segmentation.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.1%
Top 77% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 0.1%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact
Low

Priority Score

40
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +20
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Buffer Overflow HIGH

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

Information Disclosure MEDIUM

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:freedesktop:poppler:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

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Format string vulnerability in the extractPages function in utils/pdfseparate.cc in poppler before 0.24.3 allows remote

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An exploitable integer overflow vulnerability exists in the JPEG 2000 image parsing functionality of freedesktop.org Pop
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In Poppler 0.59.0, a NULL Pointer Dereference exists in the GfxImageColorMap::getGrayLine() function in GfxState.cc via

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In Poppler through 0.76.1, there is a heap-based buffer over-read in JPXStream::init in JPEG2000Stream.cc via data with

CVE-2019-10872 HIGH POC
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An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n
CVE-2019-9545 HIGH POC
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An issue was discovered in Poppler 0.74.0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, n
CVE-2019-9543 HIGH POC
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CVE-2019-9200 HIGH POC
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A heap-based buffer underwrite exists in ImageStream::getLine() located at Stream.cc in Poppler 0.74.0 that can (for exa
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Stack-based buffer overflow in the extractPages function in utils/pdfseparate.cc in poppler before 0.24.2 allows remote

CVE-2017-14518 HIGH POC
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In Poppler 0.59.0, a floating point exception exists in the isImageInterpolationRequired() function in Splash.cc via a c
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CVE-2022-38784 HIGH POC
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Poppler prior to and including 22.08.0 contains an integer overflow in the JBIG2 decoder (JBIG2Stream::readTextRegionSeg

Same weakness CWE-125 – Out-of-bounds Read

View all
CVE-2014-0160 HIGH POC
7.5
CVE-2016-5198 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2025-5777 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2016-1646 HIGH POC
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CVE-2017-5030 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2016-4523 HIGH
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CVE-2024-48456 HIGH POC
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CVE-2024-48457 HIGH POC
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Same technique Buffer Overflow

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CVE-2017-7269 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2015-5119 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2015-3113 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2011-2462 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2020-0796 CRITICAL POC
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CVE-2019-11043 CRITICAL POC
9.8
CVE-2009-0927 HIGH POC
8.8
CVE-2012-1889 HIGH POC
8.8

Vendor StatusVendor

SUSE

Severity: High
Product Status
SUSE Liberty Linux 8 Fixed
SUSE Liberty Linux 9 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP6 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP6 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP7 SUSE Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 15 SP7 Fixed
SUSE Linux Enterprise Module for Package Hub 15 SP6 Fixed

References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0126 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0128 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0130 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0772 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0773 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0774 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0795 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0796 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0797 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:0799 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1090 ADVISORY https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1091 ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:01780/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:1172/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:1173/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:1339/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:1342/ ADVISORY https://www.suse.com/support/update/SUSE-SU-2025:14976/ REF https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/poppler/poppler/-/merge_requests/1792 REF https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/04/msg00037.html

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