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Libbiosig CVE-2024-21795

CRITICAL
Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122)
2024-02-20 talos-cna@cisco.com
9.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: cisco
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Impact

CVSS score of 9.8 (CRITICAL). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required. Public proof-of-concept exploit code is available.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the critical-severity affected system.

Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Why: CRITICAL severity + public POC available.
No patch listed yet 1.8% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the .egi parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 and Master Branch (ab0ee111). Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required, low attack complexity. Public exploit code available and no vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-122. A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the .egi parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 and Master Branch (ab0ee111). A specially crafted .egi file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability. Affected products include: Libbiosig Project Libbiosig, Fedoraproject Fedora.

Severity by source

Vendor (cisco) PRIMARY 9.8 CRITICAL
AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Primary rating from Vendor (cisco) · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorVendor: cisco

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

DescriptionCVE.org

A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the .egi parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 and Master Branch (ab0ee111). A specially crafted .egi file can lead to arbitrary code execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
1.8%
Top 24% exploitable
Exploit
POC
Public exploit code exists
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity CRITICAL
CISA KEV No
Public POC Yes
EPSS 1.8%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
CRITICAL severity + public POC available
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
Poc
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
Yes
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

71
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +2
CVSS: +49
PoC: +20
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.

Remote Code Execution represents the critical moment when an attacker successfully runs arbitrary code on a target system without physical access.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:libbiosig_project:libbiosig:2.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:40:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2025-66048 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

Arbitrary code execution can be achieved in The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1 by supplying a crafted MFER file whose re

CVE-2025-66043 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

Arbitrary code execution in The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1 occurs when the MFER parser processes a crafted MFER bios

CVE-2025-66047 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

A stack-based buffer overflow in The Biosig Project's libbiosig 3.9.1 allows memory corruption that can lead to arbitrar

CVE-2025-66046 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

Arbitrary code execution in The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1 stems from stack-based buffer overflows in the MFER parsi

CVE-2025-66045 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

Arbitrary code execution in The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.1, where a specially crafted MFER biosignal file triggers a

CVE-2025-66044 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Dec 11

Stack-based buffer overflow in libbiosig 3.9.1's MFER parser allows arbitrary code execution when a crafted MFER file wi

CVE-2025-53518 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Aug 25

An integer overflow vulnerability exists in the ABF parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 3.9.0 and Mast

CVE-2026-22891 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Mar 03

Heap overflow in libbiosig 3.9.2 Intan CLP parsing. PoC available.

CVE-2024-23809 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 20

A double-free vulnerability exists in the BrainVision ASCII Header Parsing functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig

CVE-2024-23606 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 20

An out-of-bounds write vulnerability exists in the sopen_FAMOS_read functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0

CVE-2024-23313 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 20

An integer underflow vulnerability exists in the sopen_FAMOS_read functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 an

CVE-2024-23310 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Feb 20

A use-after-free vulnerability exists in the sopen_FAMOS_read functionality of The Biosig Project libbiosig 2.5.0 and Ma

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