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Freebsd CVE-2023-0751

MEDIUM
Improper Input Validation (CWE-20)
2023-02-08 secteam@freebsd.org
6.5
CVSS 3.1 · NVD
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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Impact

CVSS score of 6.5 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, low complexity, low privileges required, no user interaction not required.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.6% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

When GELI reads a key file from standard input, it does not reuse the key file to initialize multiple providers at once resulting in the second and subsequent devices silently using a NULL key as the. Rated medium severity (CVSS 6.5), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, low attack complexity.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

Find out whether the stacks and servers you run are on an affected version.

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-20. When GELI reads a key file from standard input, it does not reuse the key file to initialize multiple providers at once resulting in the second and subsequent devices silently using a NULL key as the user key file. If a user only uses a key file without a user passphrase, the master key is encrypted with an empty key file allowing trivial recovery of the master key. Affected products include: Freebsd.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 6.5 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

DescriptionNVD

When GELI reads a key file from standard input, it does not reuse the key file to initialize multiple providers at once resulting in the second and subsequent devices silently using a NULL key as the user key file. If a user only uses a key file without a user passphrase, the master key is encrypted with an empty key file allowing trivial recovery of the master key.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.6%
Top 54% exploitable
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.6%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

33
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +32
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.3:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.3:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.3:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.3:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.3:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.3:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.4:rc2-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:12.4:rc2-p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:b1-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:b2-p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p2:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p3:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p4:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:p5:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:freebsd:freebsd:13.1:rc1-p1:*:*:*:*:*:*
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