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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A04:2025 - Cryptographic Failures
ASVS 5.0
V11 - Cryptography Entropy requirements
Impact

CVSS score of 5.9 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, no privileges required, no user interaction not required.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

An insufficient entropy vulnerability caused by the improper use of randomness sources with low entropy for RSA key pair generation was found in Zyxel GS1900 series firmware versions prior to V2.70. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required.

RemediationAI

A vendor patch is available. Apply the latest security update as soon as possible. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

Affects your stack

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-331. An insufficient entropy vulnerability caused by the improper use of randomness sources with low entropy for RSA key pair generation was found in Zyxel GS1900 series firmware versions prior to V2.70. This vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to retrieve a private key by factoring the RSA modulus N in the certificate of the web administration interface. Affected products include: Zyxel Gs1900-8 Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-8Hp Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-10Hp Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-16 Firmware, Zyxel Gs1900-24 Firmware.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 5.9 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

DescriptionNVD

An insufficient entropy vulnerability caused by the improper use of randomness sources with low entropy for RSA key pair generation was found in Zyxel GS1900 series firmware versions prior to V2.70. This vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated attacker to retrieve a private key by factoring the RSA modulus N in the certificate of the web administration interface.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 76% exploitable
Data Quality
2 sources
Confidence: Low

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

30
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +30
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

Affected Products (CPE)NVD

cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-8_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-8hp_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-10hp_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-16_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24e_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24ep_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-24hpv2_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-48_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:gs1900-48hpv2_firmware:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
CVE-2026-7273 HIGH POC
8.8 Jun 16

Remote code execution in Zyxel GS1900 series managed switches (including GS1900-48HPv2, GS1900-8, GS1900-8HP, GS1900-10H

CVE-2019-15800 CRITICAL POC
9.8 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.8),

CVE-2019-15803 CRITICAL POC
9.1 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated critical severity (CVSS 9.1),

CVE-2019-15799 HIGH POC
8.8 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated high severity (CVSS 8.8), thi

CVE-2019-15804 HIGH POC
7.5 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), thi

CVE-2019-15801 HIGH POC
7.5 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated high severity (CVSS 7.5), thi

CVE-2015-5989 CRITICAL
9.8 Dec 31

Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 rely on client-side JavaScript code for authorization, which allows remot

CVE-2016-1329 CRITICAL
9.8 Mar 03

Cisco NX-OS 6.0(2)U6(1) through 6.0(2)U6(5) on Nexus 3000 devices and 6.0(2)A6(1) through 6.0(2)A6(5) and 6.0(2)A7(1) on

CVE-2015-5988 CRITICAL
9.8 Dec 31

The web management interface on Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 has a blank password, which allows remote

CVE-2019-15802 MEDIUM POC
5.9 Nov 14

An issue was discovered on Zyxel GS1900 devices with firmware before 2.50(AAHH.0)C0. Rated medium severity (CVSS 5.9), t

CVE-2016-1302 HIGH
8.8 Feb 07

Cisco Application Policy Infrastructure Controller (APIC) devices with software before 1.0(3h) and 1.1 before 1.1(1j) an

CVE-2015-5990 HIGH
8.8 Dec 31

Cross-site request forgery (CSRF) vulnerability on Belkin F9K1102 2 devices with firmware 2.10.17 allows remote attacker

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