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Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
CWE-20
OWASP Top 10:2025
A05:2025 - Injection
ASVS 5.0
V2 - Validation and Business Logic Input validation, allowlisting
Impact

CVSS score of 4.2 (MEDIUM). Attack characteristics: network attack vector, high complexity, no privileges required, user interaction required. EPSS exploitation probability: 0.58%.
Exploit ScenarioDerived

This vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network. Successful exploitation could compromise the medium-severity affected system.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
No patch listed yet 0.6% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAI

Cisco IOS 12.0 through 15.6, Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 7.0.1 through 9.7.1.2, NX-OS 4.0 through 12.0, and IOS XE 3.6 through 3.18 are affected by a vulnerability involving the Open. Rated medium severity (CVSS 4.2), this vulnerability is remotely exploitable, no authentication required. No vendor patch available.

RemediationAI

No vendor patch is available at time of analysis. Monitor vendor advisories for updates. Apply vendor patches when available. Implement network segmentation and monitoring as interim mitigations.

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Technical ContextAI · show details

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-20. Cisco IOS 12.0 through 15.6, Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 7.0.1 through 9.7.1.2, NX-OS 4.0 through 12.0, and IOS XE 3.6 through 3.18 are affected by a vulnerability involving the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Routing Protocol Link State Advertisement (LSA) database. This vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to take full control of the OSPF Autonomous System (AS) domain routing table, allowing the attacker to intercept or black-hole traffic. The attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting crafted OSPF packets. Successful exploitation could cause the targeted router to flush its routing table and propagate the crafted OSPF LSA type 1 update throughout the OSPF AS domain. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker must accurately determine certain parameters within the LSA database on the target router. This vulnerability can only be triggered by sending crafted unicast or multicast OSPF LSA type 1 packets. No other LSA type packets can trigger this vulnerability. OSPFv3 is not affected by this vulnerability. Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF) protocol is not affected by this vulnerability. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCva74756, CSCve47393, CSCve47401. Affected products include: Cisco Nx-Os, Cisco Nx-Os For Nexus 5500 Platform Switches, Cisco Nx-Os For Nexus 5600 Platform Switches, Cisco Nx-Os For Nexus 7700 Series Switches, Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software. Version information: through 15.6.

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Severity by source

NVD PRIMARY 4.2 MEDIUM
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Primary rating from NVD · only source for this CVE.

CVSS VectorNVD

Attack Vector
Network
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
None
User Interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
Low
Availability
None

DescriptionCVE.org

Cisco IOS 12.0 through 15.6, Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software 7.0.1 through 9.7.1.2, NX-OS 4.0 through 12.0, and IOS XE 3.6 through 3.18 are affected by a vulnerability involving the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Routing Protocol Link State Advertisement (LSA) database. This vulnerability could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to take full control of the OSPF Autonomous System (AS) domain routing table, allowing the attacker to intercept or black-hole traffic. The attacker could exploit this vulnerability by injecting crafted OSPF packets. Successful exploitation could cause the targeted router to flush its routing table and propagate the crafted OSPF LSA type 1 update throughout the OSPF AS domain. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker must accurately determine certain parameters within the LSA database on the target router. This vulnerability can only be triggered by sending crafted unicast or multicast OSPF LSA type 1 packets. No other LSA type packets can trigger this vulnerability. OSPFv3 is not affected by this vulnerability. Fabric Shortest Path First (FSPF) protocol is not affected by this vulnerability. Cisco Bug IDs: CSCva74756, CSCve47393, CSCve47401.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.6%
Top 31% exploitable
Data Quality
3 sources
Confidence: Low
NVD CVE.org EPSS

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.6%
Patch available No
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Scheduled
Exploitation· derived
None
System Exposure· derived
Open
Automatable· derived
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium

Priority Score

22
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: +1
CVSS: +21
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Code Injection CRITICAL

Code injection occurs when an application accepts user input and passes it directly into a language interpreter or evaluator without proper sanitization.

Affected Products (CPE)CVE.org

cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os:1.1\(0.825a\):*:*:*:*:nexus_9000_series:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os:1.1\(1g\):*:*:*:*:nexus_9000_series:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_5500_platform_switches:7.3\(1\)n1\(1\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_5500_platform_switches:base:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_5600_platform_switches:7.3\(1\)n1\(1\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_5600_platform_switches:base:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_7700_series_switches:8.0\(1\)\(ed\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_7700_series_switches:8.1\(1\)\(ed\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:a:cisco:nx-os_for_nexus_7700_series_switches:base:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.1.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.4.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.5.12:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.6.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:7.0.6.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
+ 3768 more

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Same weakness CWE-20 – Improper Input Validation

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Same technique Code Injection

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References

Advisories & patches
ADVISORY https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20170727-ospf REF http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100005 REF http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039005 REF http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039006 REF http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1039007

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