Denial of Service
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.
How It Works
Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions. Attackers exploit asymmetry: minimal attacker effort produces disproportionate resource consumption on the target. Application-level attacks use specially crafted inputs that trigger expensive operations—a regex engine processing malicious patterns can backtrack exponentially, or XML parsers recursively expand entities until memory exhausts. Network-level attacks flood targets with connection requests or amplify traffic through reflection, but application vulnerabilities often provide the most efficient attack surface.
The attack typically begins with reconnaissance to identify resource-intensive operations or unprotected endpoints. For algorithmic complexity attacks, adversaries craft inputs hitting worst-case performance—hash collision inputs filling hash tables with collisions, deeply nested JSON triggering recursive parsing, or pathological regex patterns like (a+)+b against strings of repeated 'a' characters. Resource exhaustion attacks open thousands of connections, upload massive files to unbounded storage, or trigger memory leaks through repeated operations. Crash-based attacks target error handling gaps: null pointer dereferences, unhandled exceptions in parsers, or assertion failures that terminate processes.
Impact
- Service unavailability preventing legitimate users from accessing applications during attack duration
- Revenue loss from downtime in e-commerce, SaaS platforms, or transaction processing systems
- Cascading failures as resource exhaustion spreads to dependent services or database connections pool out
- SLA violations triggering financial penalties and damaging customer trust
- Security team distraction providing cover for data exfiltration or intrusion attempts running concurrently
Real-World Examples
CVE-2018-1000544 in Ruby's WEBrick server allowed ReDoS through malicious HTTP headers containing specially crafted patterns that caused the regex engine to backtrack exponentially, freezing request processing threads. A single attacker could saturate all available workers.
Cloudflare experienced a global outage in 2019 when a single WAF rule containing an unoptimized regex hit pathological cases on legitimate traffic spikes. The .*(?:.*=.*)* pattern exhibited catastrophic backtracking, consuming CPU cycles across their edge network until the rule was disabled.
CVE-2013-1664 demonstrated XML bomb vulnerabilities in Python's XML libraries. Attackers uploaded XML documents with nested entity definitions-each entity expanding to ten copies of the previous level. A 1KB upload could expand to gigabytes in memory during parsing, crashing applications instantly.
Mitigation
- Strict input validation enforcing size limits, complexity bounds, and nesting depth restrictions before processing
- Request rate limiting per IP address, API key, or user session with exponential backoff
- Timeout enforcement terminating operations exceeding reasonable execution windows (typically 1-5 seconds)
- Resource quotas limiting memory allocation, CPU time, and connection counts per request or tenant
- Regex complexity analysis using linear-time algorithms or sanitizing patterns to eliminate backtracking
- Circuit breakers automatically rejecting requests when error rates or latency thresholds indicate degradation
- Load balancing and autoscaling distributing traffic across instances with automatic capacity expansion
Recent CVEs (36644)
Uncontrolled-recursion denial of service in FasterXML jackson-core 3.0.0 through 3.0.x lets a remote attacker crash JSON-processing services by submitting a deeply nested JSON document. The UTF8DataInputJsonParser (DataInput sources) and ReaderBasedJsonParser fail to enforce the StreamReadConstraints maxNestingDepth limit (default 500), so excessive nesting drives a StackOverflowError. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is low (0.06%), but the bug is trivially triggerable against any service that parses untrusted JSON with these parsers; fixed in 3.1.0.
Melange versions 0.40.5 and earlier are vulnerable to disk exhaustion when the update-cache function downloads files from attacker-controlled URIs without enforcing size limits or timeouts. An attacker can craft a malicious melange configuration file to trigger unbounded disk writes on build systems, consuming all available storage and denying service to legitimate builds. No patch is currently available.
Prototype pollution in oRPC before 1.13.6. PoC and patch available.
Markus versions up to 2.9.4 is affected by improper restriction of recursive entity references in dtds (CVSS 4.9).
Acronis Cyber Protect 17 on Linux and Windows versions prior to build 41186 is vulnerable to denial of service through improper input validation in authentication logging functions. An unauthenticated remote attacker can crash the application or render it unavailable without requiring user interaction. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Openclaw versions up to 2026.2.14 is affected by allocation of resources without limits or throttling (CVSS 5.5).
Openclaw versions up to 2026.2.14 is affected by allocation of resources without limits or throttling (CVSS 7.5).
OpenClaw versions up to 2026.2.13 is affected by allocation of resources without limits or throttling (CVSS 7.5).
Arbitrary file write in OpenClaw prior to version 2026.2.12 allows authenticated gateway clients to bypass path validation on the sessionFile parameter and write transcript data to any location on the host filesystem. An attacker with valid credentials can repeatedly append data to arbitrary files, potentially corrupting configurations or exhausting disk space to cause denial of service. A patch is available.
Openclaw versions up to 2026.2.14 is affected by allocation of resources without limits or throttling (CVSS 5.5).
OpenClaw versions before 2026.2.1 fail to properly validate access controls in the Twitch plugin when role restrictions are not configured, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger agent dispatch through Twitch chat mentions. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, enabling attackers to invoke the agent pipeline and potentially cause unintended actions or resource exhaustion. Organizations running affected versions with the Twitch plugin enabled should apply the available patch immediately.
Openclaw versions up to 2026.2.15 is affected by allocation of resources without limits or throttling (CVSS 6.5).
OliveTin versions prior to 3000.11.0 suffer from broken access control allowing unauthenticated users to invoke the KillAction RPC endpoint and terminate running shell command executions, bypassing authentication restrictions. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, enabling remote denial of service attacks against legitimate administrative actions. The vulnerability affects OliveTin deployments regardless of authentication settings and has been remediated in version 3000.11.0 and later.
OliveTin versions prior to 3000.10.3 are vulnerable to unauthenticated denial-of-service attacks when OAuth2 authentication is enabled, allowing remote attackers to crash the application by sending concurrent requests to the login endpoint. The vulnerability stems from unsynchronized access to shared state during OAuth2 processing, triggering a Go runtime panic. Public exploit code exists for this high-severity flaw, which is patched in version 3000.10.3 and later.
OliveTin versions prior to 3000.10.2 are vulnerable to unauthenticated denial of service through the PasswordHash API endpoint, which lacks request throttling or authentication controls and allows attackers to trigger excessive memory allocation via concurrent hashing requests. An attacker can exhaust container memory by sending multiple parallel requests, causing service degradation or complete outage. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and a patch is available in version 3000.10.2 and later.
Traefik versions before 2.11.38 and 3.6.9 allow remote attackers to cause denial of service by sending incomplete TLS records to TCP routers, which causes the TLS handshake process to hang indefinitely while holding connections open. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this by opening many stalled connections in parallel to exhaust file descriptors and goroutines, degrading or disabling the proxy service.
Traefik versions prior to 2.11.38 and 3.6.9 fail to limit memory allocation when processing ForwardAuth middleware responses, allowing a malicious or compromised authentication server to trigger unbounded memory consumption. An attacker controlling the auth server can return an arbitrarily large response body that causes the Traefik process to exhaust available memory and crash, resulting in denial of service for all proxied routes. A patch is available in the specified versions.
A denial-of-service (DoS) vulnerability was identified in Omada EAP610 v3. An attacker with adjacent network access can send crafted requests to cause the device’s HTTP service to crash. [CVSS 6.5 MEDIUM]
A stack buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the Wincor Nixdorf wnBios64.sys kernel driver (version 1.2.0.0) in the IOCTL handler for code 0x80102058. [CVSS 7.8 HIGH]
Internet Security contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to deletion of protected files or directories and can lead to local privilege escal (CVSS 7.8).
Avira Internet Security's Software Updater fails to validate symbolic links when deleting files during updates, allowing a local attacker to redirect SYSTEM-level file deletion operations to arbitrary targets. An authenticated local user can exploit this improper link resolution to delete critical system files, potentially achieving privilege escalation, denial of service, or compromising system integrity. No patch is currently available.
Python-Markdown version 3.8 contain a vulnerability where malformed HTML-like sequences can cause html.parser.HTMLParser to raise an unhandled AssertionError during Markdown parsing. [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]
Eclipse Jetty 12.0.0 through 12.0.31 and 12.1.0 through 12.1.5 suffer from a denial-of-service vulnerability in GzipHandler where decompressor resources leak when processing gzip-compressed requests that generate uncompressed responses. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exhaust server memory by repeatedly sending compressed requests, causing service degradation or unavailability. No patch is currently available.
Sfx2100 Firmware versions up to - is affected by incorrect permission assignment for critical resource (CVSS 4.7).
cpp-httplib is a C++11 single-file header-only cross platform HTTP/HTTPS library. [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]
Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) devices can be forcibly rebooted by authenticated local attackers through improper input validation in CLI commands, resulting in denial of service. This vulnerability affects low-privileged accounts and requires no user interaction to exploit. No patch is currently available.
Memory corruption in Cisco Secure Firewall ASA and FTD OSPF packet processing allows adjacent, unauthenticated attackers to crash affected devices by sending crafted protocol packets. The vulnerability results in device reboot and denial of service, with no authentication or user interaction required. No patch is currently available.
Memory exhaustion in Cisco ASA and FTD OSPF protocol implementation allows adjacent authenticated attackers to trigger denial of service by sending specially crafted packets that bypass input validation. An attacker with network access to the affected device can exploit improper packet parsing to consume available memory and crash the appliance. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Unauthenticated remote attackers can trigger memory exhaustion on Cisco ASA and FTD devices by sending specially crafted packets to the SSL VPN service, exploiting insufficient input validation in the Remote Access SSL VPN, HTTP management, and MUS functionality. Successful exploitation causes a denial of service condition that requires manual device reboot. No patch is currently available.
Denial of service in Cisco Secure Firewall ASA and FTD Remote Access SSL VPN functionality allows authenticated attackers to exhaust device memory by sending specially crafted packets, forcing a device reload. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation on user-supplied data and requires valid VPN credentials to exploit. No patch is currently available.
Denial of service in Cisco Secure Firewall ASA and FTD Remote Access SSL VPN allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust device memory through malformed packets, causing the VPN service to become unresponsive. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation on the SSL VPN server and currently has no available patch. While the management interface remains accessible, new VPN connections cannot be established during an attack.
Cisco Secure Firewall ASA and FTD devices are vulnerable to a denial of service attack through the Remote Access SSL VPN feature, where authenticated attackers can trigger unvalidated input processing in the Lua interpreter to force device reloads. The vulnerability stems from insufficient input validation in the Lua interpreter and can be exploited by sending specially crafted HTTP packets over an existing VPN connection. No patch is currently available for this HIGH severity issue (CVSS 7.7).
Cisco Secure Firewall ASA devices fail to properly manage embryonic connection limits during TCP SYN flood attacks, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to block all incoming TCP connections including management access and VPN services. An attacker can exploit this denial-of-service vulnerability by sending crafted traffic streams to management or data interfaces, effectively isolating the device from legitimate network access. No patch is currently available for this HIGH severity vulnerability.
Snort 3 detection engine contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to cause a DoS condition when the Snort 3 Detection Engine unexpectedly restarts (CVSS 5.8).
Unauthenticated remote attackers can crash the Snort 3 Detection Engine by sending crafted HTTP packets with malformed Multicast DNS fields, causing a denial of service that interrupts packet inspection across multiple Cisco products. The vulnerability stems from incomplete error checking in HTTP header parsing and requires no authentication or user interaction to trigger. No patch is currently available for this MEDIUM severity issue.
Cisco Snort 3 Detection Engine can be remotely restarted by an unauthenticated attacker through crafted HTTP packets exploiting improper JavaScript normalization in the JSTokenizer logic, causing a denial of service condition that interrupts packet inspection. The vulnerability requires the JSTokenizer feature to be enabled and can be triggered via an established network connection without authentication. No patch is currently available.
Snort 3 Detection Engine in multiple Cisco products can be remotely restarted by unauthenticated attackers through crafted packets sent over established connections, due to improper binder module initialization logic. This denial-of-service vulnerability interrupts packet inspection capabilities and can be triggered without authentication or user interaction. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity flaw.
Snort 3 Detection Engine crashes when processing malformed VBA data due to improper decompression error handling, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger denial-of-service conditions across multiple Cisco products. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted VBA payloads to cause unexpected engine restarts without requiring authentication or user interaction. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity flaw.
Denial of service in Cisco Snort 3's VBA decompression feature allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash the detection engine by sending maliciously crafted VBA data. The vulnerability stems from insufficient error checking during VBA data processing, enabling attackers to trigger unexpected restarts of the Snort 3 Detection Engine. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity issue affecting multiple Cisco products.
Improper error checking in Cisco Snort 3's VBA decompression feature allows unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger an infinite loop by sending specially crafted VBA data, causing a denial of service condition. The vulnerability affects multiple Cisco products and requires no user interaction or authentication to exploit. No patch is currently available.
Improper range checking in Cisco Snort 3's VBA decompression feature allows unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger a heap buffer overflow by sending crafted VBA data, causing denial of service. The vulnerability affects multiple Cisco products and requires no authentication or user interaction to exploit. No patch is currently available.
Denial of service in Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense via crafted SSL packets allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash the Snort 3 Detection Engine through a memory management logic error during SSL inspection. An attacker can exploit this vulnerability by sending malicious SSL packets through an established connection, forcing the detection engine to unexpectedly restart and interrupt security monitoring. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity issue.
Device reloads in Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense can be triggered by unauthenticated remote attackers sending specially crafted TLS 1.2 traffic through the SSL decryption feature, exploiting improper memory management in the Do Not Decrypt exclusion logic. The vulnerability requires specific network conditions and TLS 1.2 traffic to trigger, resulting in denial of service with no authentication required. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity issue affecting Cisco and TLS implementations.
Denial of service in Cisco ASA and FTD devices processing GCM-encrypted IKEv2 IPsec traffic results from inadequate memory allocation, allowing authenticated remote attackers to trigger device reloads by sending specially crafted encrypted packets. An attacker with valid VPN credentials can exploit this vulnerability to render affected firewalls unavailable. No patch is currently available.
Unauthenticated remote attackers can trigger a denial of service against Cisco Secure Firewall ASA and FTD devices by sending crafted HTTP requests to the VPN web server, exploiting ineffective memory management to force device reloads. The vulnerability requires no authentication or user interaction and affects all network-exposed instances. No patch is currently available.
ClamAV's HTML CSS parser fails to properly handle UTF-8 string operations, enabling remote attackers to crash the scanning engine by submitting a malicious HTML file. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this weakness over the network without user interaction to achieve denial of service. No patch is currently available.
Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software is vulnerable to denial of service through improper TLS protocol implementation in the Snort 3 Detection Engine, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger unexpected restarts by sending crafted TLS packets. Successful exploitation causes the affected device to drop network traffic, creating a DoS condition affecting TLS versions prior to 1.3. No patch is currently available.
Denial of service in Multer (Express.js multipart/form-data middleware) before version 2.1.1 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash a Node.js application by sending specially malformed multipart requests that trigger uncontrolled recursion and stack overflow. Affecting one of the most widely used file-upload middlewares in the Node.js/Express ecosystem, the flaw carries a CVSS 4.0 base score of 8.7 with availability-only impact. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and the EPSS score is very low (0.06%, 18th percentile), but a vendor patch and Red Hat errata are available.
Traffic interception in ArubaOS Wi-Fi networks allows adjacent attackers to bypass BSSID isolation controls and redirect victim traffic by exploiting port associations across multiple wireless networks. Successful attacks could enable eavesdropping, session hijacking, or denial of service without authentication or user interaction. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity vulnerability.
Device Management Agent versions up to 26.02 is affected by improper check for unusual or exceptional conditions (CVSS 3.3).
Snort 3 Detection Engine contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition when the Snort 3 Detection Engine rest (CVSS 5.8).
Remote denial of service attacks against DJI Mavic Mini, Spark, and Mini SE firmware versions 0.1.00.0500 and below can be executed over the network by exploiting the Enhanced-WiFi transmission subsystem without authentication. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and no patch is currently available. An attacker can disrupt drone operations and connectivity by sending specially crafted wireless transmissions to affected devices.
Remote attackers can inject arbitrary command-line arguments into bird-lg-go's traceroute module through unsanitized user input, enabling denial-of-service attacks that exhaust system resources. The vulnerability affects Golang and bird-lg-go installations prior to commit 6187a4e, and public exploit code exists. A patch is available to remediate this high-severity flaw.
The Linux kernel's Classmate laptop driver lacks NULL pointer checks in sysfs attribute handlers, allowing local users to trigger a denial of service by accessing device attributes before driver initialization completes. A premature sysfs access can cause the driver to dereference a NULL pointer when retrieving uninitialized device data, crashing the affected system.
Dell PowerScale OneFS 9.13.0.0 is vulnerable to denial of service through an overly restrictive account lockout mechanism that can be triggered by unauthenticated remote attackers. The flaw allows an attacker to lock out legitimate users without authentication, disrupting service availability. No patch is currently available for this medium-severity vulnerability.
Dell PowerScale OneFS versions before 9.10.1.6 and 9.11.0.0 through 9.12.0.1 contain an uncontrolled search path vulnerability that allows high-privileged local attackers to achieve privilege escalation, information disclosure, and denial of service. The vulnerability requires local access and high privileges to exploit, making it suitable primarily for insider threats or attackers who have already gained initial system access. No patch is currently available for affected systems.
Powerscale Onefs versions up to 9.10.1.6 is affected by execution with unnecessary privileges (CVSS 6.7).
Incorrect default file permissions in Dell PowerScale OneFS versions before 9.10.1.6 and 9.11.0.0 through 9.12.0.1 allow high-privileged local attackers to achieve code execution, privilege escalation, and information disclosure. The vulnerability requires local access and high privileges to exploit, but no patch is currently available. Affected organizations should implement access controls and monitor for unauthorized local activity until an update is released.
Authenticated users can trigger a stack-based buffer overflow in SonicOS certificate handling to cause denial of service against Sonicos firewalls. The vulnerability requires administrative privileges to exploit and results in firewall crashes rather than code execution. No patch is currently available.
Joserfc versions 1.6.2 and earlier fail to validate the PBES2 iteration count parameter in JWE tokens, allowing unauthenticated attackers to trigger CPU exhaustion by specifying arbitrarily large values in the p2c header field. An attacker can exploit this resource exhaustion vulnerability to cause denial of service against any system using the library to decrypt JWE tokens. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and a patch is available.
Unbounded recursion in Underscore.js versions before 1.13.8 enables denial of service attacks when the _.flatten or _.isEqual functions process deeply nested untrusted data structures. An attacker can trigger stack overflow conditions by supplying specially crafted recursive input, causing affected applications to crash. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, and patches are available.
HP System Event Utility versions prior to 3.2.16 allow local authenticated users to corrupt system integrity and cause denial of service through arbitrary file writes with elevated privileges. An attacker with local access and valid credentials can leverage this vulnerability to modify critical files and disrupt system availability. No patch is currently available for affected installations.
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1280, 2200, 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, and 2500. A NULL pointer dereference of session->ncp_hdr_buf in __pilot_parsing_ncp() causes a denial of service. [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1280, 2200, 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, and 2500. Unvalidated VS4L_VERTEXIOC_BOOTUP input leads to a denial of service. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1380, 1480, 2400, 1580, and 2500. A NULL pointer dereference of npu_proto_drv.ast.thread_ref in set_cpu_affinity() causes a denial of service. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]
An issue was discovered in Samsung Mobile Processor Exynos 1280, 2200, 1380, 1480, and 2400. A NULL pointer dereference of ft_handle in load_fw_utc_vector() causes a denial of service. [CVSS 7.5 HIGH]
A vulnerability was determined in Tuya App and SDK 24.07.11 on Android. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component JSON Data Point Handler. [CVSS 3.1 LOW]
Django URL field validation triggers excessive Unicode normalization on Windows when processing certain malicious Unicode characters, enabling remote attackers to cause denial of service through crafted URL inputs. Affected versions include Django 6.0 before 6.0.3, 5.2 before 5.2.12, and 4.2 before 4.2.29, with potential impact to unsupported series 5.0.x, 4.1.x, and 3.2.x. A patch is available for all affected supported versions.
Exiv2 versions prior to 0.28.8 are vulnerable to a denial of service attack through integer overflow in the preview component when specific command-line arguments are used, causing the application to crash with an uncaught exception. An attacker can trigger this vulnerability by providing a specially crafted image file to crash Exiv2 processes, affecting systems that rely on the library for metadata processing. A patch is available in version 0.28.8 and later.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Exiv2 prior to version 0.28.8 causes denial of service through application crash when processing specially crafted image files with the preview extraction feature. The vulnerability requires specific command-line arguments (such as -pp) to trigger and affects all users running vulnerable Exiv2 versions for image metadata operations. A patch is available in version 0.28.8 and later.
AppOpsService.java in Android contains insufficient input validation that permits local attackers to trigger persistent denial of service without requiring elevated privileges or user interaction. An attacker can exploit multiple code paths to repeatedly crash or disable the service, degrading system functionality for legitimate users. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Local denial of service in Android's AppOpsService allows unauthenticated attackers to trigger persistent system crashes through improper input validation in the isPackageNullOrSystem function. The vulnerability requires only local access with no special privileges or user interaction, making any app on an affected device a potential attack vector. No patch is currently available.
In multiple locations, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to improper input validation. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. [CVSS 5.5 MEDIUM]
Android MmsProvider has a vulnerability allowing arbitrary file deletion through improper handling of MMS data, potentially causing data loss on mobile devices.
In multiple functions of ProfilingService.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to improper input validation. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. [CVSS 6.2 MEDIUM]
In multiple functions of ProfilingService.java, there is a possible persistent denial of service due to improper input validation. This could lead to local denial of service with no additional execution privileges needed. [CVSS 6.2 MEDIUM]
TP-Link Deco BE25 firmware versions 1.0 through 1.1.1 (Build 20250822) contain a path traversal vulnerability that allows authenticated adjacent network attackers to read arbitrary files or trigger denial of service without user interaction. The vulnerability affects the web module component and requires local network access with valid credentials to exploit. No patch is currently available for this high-severity flaw (CVSS 8.0).
5G Fixed Wireless Access Platform Firmware versions up to - is affected by reachable assertion (CVSS 6.5).
5G Fixed Wireless Access Platform Firmware versions up to - is affected by reachable assertion (CVSS 6.5).
Textream versions prior to 1.5.1 lack connection limits on the DirectorServer WebSocket, allowing remote attackers to trigger denial of service by flooding the server with requests that trigger periodic state broadcasts, exhausting system resources and crashing the application during live sessions. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability. The issue is resolved in version 1.5.1 and later.
Android versions up to 14.0 contains a vulnerability that allows attackers to local denial of service if a malicious actor has already obtained the System pri (CVSS 4.4).
Android's display subsystem crashes due to a use-after-free memory error that allows a privileged local attacker to trigger a denial of service without user interaction. Exploitation requires pre-existing system-level access, limiting impact to scenarios where an attacker has already compromised the device at the highest privilege level. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Android's imgsys component is vulnerable to a use-after-free condition that enables local denial of service attacks. Exploitation requires system-level privileges and causes immediate system crashes without user interaction. No patch is currently available for this vulnerability.
Android MAE component is vulnerable to a use-after-free condition that can trigger a system crash, resulting in denial of service for devices where an attacker has already obtained system-level privileges. No user interaction is required for exploitation. Currently, no patch is available for this vulnerability.
Open Babel versions up to 3.1.1 contain a null pointer dereference in the CDXML file handler's OBAtom::GetExplicitValence function, allowing remote attackers to crash the application through maliciously crafted files. Public exploit code exists for this vulnerability, making it a practical attack vector for denial of service. A patch is available and should be applied to all affected installations.
A weakness has been identified in FascinatedBox lily up to 2.3. The affected element is the function eval_tree of the file src/lily_emitter.c. [CVSS 3.3 LOW]
A vulnerability was determined in Squirrel up to 3.2. This vulnerability affects the function sqstd_rex_newnode in the library sqstdlib/sqstdrex.cpp. [CVSS 3.3 LOW]
A vulnerability has been found in wren-lang wren up to 0.4.0. Affected by this issue is the function getByteCountForArguments of the file src/vm/wren_compiler.c. [CVSS 3.3 LOW]
Authenticated validators in nimiq/core-rs-albatross prior to version 1.2.2 can crash validator nodes by submitting macro block proposals with mismatched body roots that pass verification but cause panics during processing. This vulnerability affects only validator nodes and requires the attacker to be an elected proposer with valid credentials. No patch is currently available, and there is no known workaround.
Integer overflow in pillow_heif Python library before 1.3.0 leads to out-of-bounds read when processing HEIF images, potentially causing information disclosure or crashes. PoC and patch available.