Windows 10 21h2
Monthly
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) enables low-privilege authenticated network attackers to achieve remote code execution across a broad range of Windows client and server platforms, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10 through Windows 11. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms the attack requires an authenticated session and elevated exploitation complexity, yielding a base score of 7.5. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available covering 19 distinct OS build lines.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level access via a heap-based buffer overflow. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Windows desktop and server editions from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, but the low-complexity, no-interaction CVSS vector makes this a practical post-exploitation stepping stone.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Spaceport.sys, the kernel-mode driver that backs Windows Storage Spaces, lets an attacker who already holds low-privileged authenticated access elevate to kernel-level privileges on affected Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server builds. Successful exploitation yields total impact across confidentiality, integrity and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), consistent with code execution in kernel context, and no user interaction is required beyond the attacker's existing session. The flaw is not listed in CISA KEV, SSVC records exploitation as 'none' and the attack as non-automatable, and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS is a modest 0.77% (53rd percentile), so real-world risk is currently driven by targeted post-compromise privilege escalation rather than mass exploitation.
Remote code execution in Windows Media Foundation exposes virtually all supported Windows releases to heap buffer overflow exploitation via network-delivered media content. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R) indicates an unauthenticated attacker can trigger the flaw by enticing a user to open or stream a maliciously crafted media file, resulting in full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected process. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Fax Service (CWE-122) enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows client and server editions spanning Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An authenticated low-privileged local user can trigger the overflow with low attack complexity (AC:L), achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. An authorized (low-privilege) network attacker who can trigger specific NTFS parsing behavior - requiring user interaction - can achieve full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, effectively gaining system-level access. No public exploit has been identified at the time of analysis, but a vendor-released patch is available and should be prioritized given the breadth of affected OS versions.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Windows USB Driver allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level access, with the CVSS vector indicating network-based exploitation (AV:N) requiring user interaction. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Windows versions from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the attack vector's network classification combined with a USB driver component is atypical - likely involving USB-over-network redirection features (e.g., Hyper-V or Remote Desktop USB redirection) rather than physical USB enumeration.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Secure Kernel Mode exploits an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) to allow a low-privileged local attacker to elevate to full kernel-level control across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases. The Secure Kernel Mode (SKM) context - part of Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) operating at Virtual Trust Level 1 (VTL1) - means successful exploitation bypasses standard OS-kernel isolation, making this structurally more severe than a conventional LPE. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available via Microsoft's July 2026 security update cycle.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Image Acquisition (WIA) through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows a low-privileged authenticated local user to gain full SYSTEM-level control. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad range of Microsoft Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patch scope significant across virtually all enterprise Windows environments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity rating (AC:H) suggests reliable exploitation requires precise timing or heap manipulation skill.
Remote code execution in Windows Imaging Component (WIC) is possible via an integer overflow (CWE-190) triggered when processing a maliciously crafted image file, affecting virtually every supported and legacy Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. An unauthenticated network-based attacker can deliver a specially crafted image that causes an integer wraparound in WIC's parsing logic, leading to arbitrary code execution in the context of the target user. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected platforms and low attack complexity make this a high-priority patching target.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode GUI subsystem allows a low-privileged local user to gain SYSTEM-level access via a use-after-free memory corruption condition. The vulnerability affects a broad span of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025 releases, making it highly relevant to enterprise endpoint and server environments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected version branches.
Remote code execution in the Windows Compressed Folder (zipfldr / built-in ZIP shell handler) affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025. A heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the archive-parsing code lets an attacker who delivers a crafted compressed archive corrupt heap memory and execute arbitrary code. Microsoft rates it CVSS 9.8; the flaw was reported by Microsoft's own MSRC and a patch is available. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Event Logging Service enables network-accessible, unauthenticated code execution with full system impact across a sweeping range of Windows client and server releases. The flaw (CWE-122) resides in the Event Logging Service - a privileged, always-running Windows component - and can be exploited by a remote attacker who induces a victim user to trigger the vulnerable code path, yielding complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected OS versions and the ubiquity of Windows deployments make this a high-priority patching candidate.
Remote code execution via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Event Logging Service (CWE-122) affects a sweeping range of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. An unauthenticated network attacker can trigger the vulnerability with user interaction, achieving full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; vendor patch availability makes remediation immediately actionable.
Remote code execution in the Windows Event Logging Service (EventLog) affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server editions, from Windows 10 1607/1809/21H2/22H2 and Windows 11 through 26H1, to Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. An out-of-bounds read in the service's network-facing parsing path allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over the network per Microsoft's advisory, which rates it CVSS 9.8. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV, but the pre-auth, network-reachable profile makes it a high patch-priority item.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Partition Management Driver (partmgr.sys) enables a low-privileged local attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM or kernel level across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. Exploitation requires existing low-privileged code execution on the target and high attack complexity, consistent with a race condition or precise heap-grooming technique. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in the Microsoft DirectMusic component of Windows (spanning Windows 10, 11 through version 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute arbitrary code by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Microsoft rates it 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) and has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. DirectMusic is a legacy multimedia audio subsystem, so exploitation typically flows through malicious media content processed by the DirectMusic parser.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service (WinBioSvc) enables a low-privileged local attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects an extremely wide surface - fifteen distinct Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server release trains from Server 2016 through Server 2025 - making it relevant to virtually every Windows enterprise environment. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches through Windows Update.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Device Association Service allows a low-privileged attacker to gain SYSTEM-level access on unpatched systems via a use-after-free memory corruption bug (CWE-416). The vulnerability spans the entire current Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 R2 through Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025 - making the attack surface extremely broad. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in the Windows Remote Desktop Client (mstsc.exe and related components) allows a low-privileged attacker to execute arbitrary code on the victim client machine via a network connection. The root cause is CWE-908 (use of uninitialized resource), where memory that has not been properly initialized can be manipulated by a malicious RDP server to hijack execution flow on the connecting client. The vulnerability affects the RDP client component across a broad range of Windows releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. No public exploit or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS score of 8.8 and high C/I/A impact make this a priority patching target.
Windows Error Reporting (WER) across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases creates temporary files in directories with insecure permissions, enabling a local attacker with standard user privileges to tamper with those files and read their contents. The vulnerability is classified as CWE-379 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.1 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N), reflecting high confidentiality and integrity impact achievable without elevated rights. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through its standard update channel.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Enterprise App Management affects a broad swath of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An authenticated network attacker with low privileges who can induce a target user to interact with a crafted payload can trigger the overflow and achieve full system-level compromise (High C/I/A). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing was identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions and the vendor-released patch signal a systemic component-level flaw.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM-level via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Partition Management Driver affects multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An authenticated local attacker with low privileges can exploit the CWE-122 heap overflow to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local system. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available through the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver allows a local, unprivileged attacker to execute arbitrary code with full system impact. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft Windows and Windows Server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:N) suggests exploitation is achievable without a Windows account - consistent with a crafted NTFS volume triggering the overflow on mount, such as via removable media. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Device Association Service enables a low-privileged local user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level across a broad range of Windows desktop and server platforms. Affected versions span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 - all prior to their respective patched builds detailed in the Microsoft MSRC advisory. Microsoft has released patches via the standard update channel; no public exploit code or CISA KEV active-exploitation listing has been confirmed at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Biometric Service (WinBio) affects all major Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions from version 1607 through Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker exploiting this vulnerability can corrupt heap structures within the privileged WinBio process to execute arbitrary code at SYSTEM level. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all fifteen affected version and edition combinations.
Privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Services exploits an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) to allow a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to gain full system control (C:H/I:H/A:H). The flaw affects a broad swath of Windows versions from Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature update branches. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches via the standard update cycle.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows an authenticated local attacker to elevate from low-privileged user to SYSTEM-level access. The vulnerability spans the entire current Windows ecosystem - from legacy Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making it broadly relevant to enterprise patch management. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected OS versions and the practical value of local EoP payloads in post-initial-access attack chains make timely patching essential.
Use-after-free in the Windows Human Interface Devices kernel subsystem allows a local, low-privileged user to escalate to SYSTEM-level control. Affecting virtually all current Windows desktop and server releases - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2016 through 2025 - successful exploitation requires local session access and precise timing but yields full C:H/I:H/A:H kernel impact. No active exploitation has been confirmed (no CISA KEV listing) and no public proof-of-concept is known; Microsoft has released patches for all affected build branches.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Connected User Experiences and Telemetry service (DiagTrack/utcsvc) exposes a use-after-free memory condition allowing an authenticated local attacker to achieve full SYSTEM-level control. The vulnerability carries CVSS 7.0 with AC:H, indicating a race-condition or timing-dependent trigger that elevates exploitation difficulty but does not preclude reliable use in post-breach scenarios. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected Windows client and server SKUs; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver allows a low-privileged authenticated user to gain full SYSTEM-level control via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The vulnerability spans an exceptionally wide range of Windows versions - from the legacy Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through the current Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patching scope a significant operational challenge. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at the time of analysis, and the CVSS AC:H metric reflects meaningful exploitation complexity, but the vulnerability's kernel-mode scope and full C:H/I:H/A:H impact make it a high-value post-compromise tool.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Microsoft Graphics Component enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to escalate to full system control across Windows 10 and Windows 11. The flaw (CWE-121) is triggered locally with low complexity and no user interaction, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact per the CVSS:3.1 vector. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, but the low-privilege requirement and zero interaction needed make this a realistic post-compromise escalation primitive.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel across virtually all supported Windows releases exploits a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition (CWE-367) to elevate from low-privilege user to SYSTEM. An authenticated local attacker wins a race between when the kernel validates a resource and when it uses it, substituting a different object between those two moments. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions as part of a coordinated update cycle.
Remote code execution in the Windows NTFS file-system driver stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) reachable by an unauthorized attacker over a network, per Microsoft's advisory. The flaw affects a very broad range of supported Windows client and server builds from Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 up to version 26H1. Microsoft rates it CVSS 9.8 and has released patches; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting (WER) enables network-based privilege escalation across a broad range of Windows desktop and server versions. An authenticated low-privileged attacker who can trigger user interaction can exploit the overflow to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise - effectively gaining SYSTEM-level control. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected versions (Windows 10 through Server 2025) and the ubiquity of WER in Windows deployments make this a high-priority patch item.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS (CWE-121) enables remote code execution across a broad range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. An unauthenticated network attacker can trigger the overflow with user interaction, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the target system. The vendor-confirmed patch is available via Microsoft's update channel; no active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Use-after-free in Windows Modern Device Management (MDM) enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges across a broad swath of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R) indicates the attack is network-reachable but constrained by high exploitation complexity and required user interaction, limiting opportunistic mass exploitation. Microsoft has released patched builds; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Power Dependency Coordinator component allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server systems. The flaw (CWE-122) requires only a local account and no user interaction, making it a reliable post-compromise escalation primitive. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and it does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and broad platform coverage across Windows 10 through Server 2025 make patching a priority in any environment where insider threat or malware post-exploitation is a concern.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in Windows BitLocker affects a broad swath of Microsoft operating systems from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature updates. A low-privileged network-authenticated attacker who can induce user interaction can trigger CWE-125 memory reads beyond buffer boundaries in the BitLocker component, ultimately achieving elevation of privileges with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 8.0). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches addressing all confirmed affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech (CWE-122) allows a local low-privileged attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges with no user interaction required. The vulnerability spans the entire modern Windows platform - Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 - making the attack surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry has been identified at time of analysis; however, the vendor patch is confirmed available via MSRC.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Remote Access Connection Manager (RASMAN) service enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows desktop and server editions, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. An authenticated attacker with a low-privilege local foothold can exploit the overflow with low complexity and no user interaction, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise (CVSS 7.8, AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines via MSRC.
Use-after-free in Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) enables an authenticated low-privilege attacker operating over a network to escalate privileges on affected systems, with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact when successfully exploited. The CVSS vector (AC:H/UI:R) reflects meaningful exploitation complexity - a specific race condition must be won and some form of user interaction is required, constraining opportunistic mass exploitation. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - from Server 2012 to Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all current branches - makes patch prioritization important for enterprise environments.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) across virtually all supported Windows releases exploits an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) to allow a low-privileged authenticated local user to gain SYSTEM-level access with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The breadth of affected platforms is significant, spanning Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 23H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 including Server Core installations. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through the standard Windows Update channel.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Service allows a low-privileged local attacker to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource handling. Affected versions span Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 23H2 through 26H1, Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released patched builds; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Path traversal in the Windows Compressed Folder built-in ZIP handler allows a locally authenticated standard user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM or Administrator level across a wide range of Windows client and server editions. The vulnerability (CWE-22) exists in the component that processes ZIP archive extraction, enabling crafted archive entries to write files outside the intended extraction directory into sensitive system paths. No public exploit or KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity and broad version coverage across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 make this a high-priority patching target in environments where local privilege escalation is a concern.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech enables local privilege escalation across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms from 2016 through 2025. An authorized local attacker holding only a standard user account can exploit the CWE-122 flaw without user interaction to obtain full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H), effectively achieving SYSTEM-level privileges. Vendor-supplied patches are available via MSRC; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Installer (msiexec) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to gain full SYSTEM-level control by exploiting a race condition on a shared resource during installer operations. The vulnerability is present across a broad swath of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS High score (7.0) and full C:H/I:H/A:H impact reflect the severity of a successful escalation.
Remote code execution in Microsoft JScript's numeric type conversion logic allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows hosts. The vulnerability stems from CWE-681 (incorrect conversion between numeric types) in jscript.dll, the legacy Windows scripting engine, and affects the full span of supported Windows releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the network-reachable, zero-interaction CVSS vector (AV:N/UI:N) indicates exploitation via server-side JScript processing contexts such as IIS Classic ASP, without requiring user interaction.
Privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) allows an authenticated local attacker - holding only standard user privileges - to achieve full system compromise across all current Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025 builds. The CVSS 7.8 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) reflects low attack complexity and no interaction requirement, making this an effective land-and-escalate primitive for threat actors with any initial foothold on a target host. Vendor patch is available from Microsoft; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows URL Moniker (urlmon.dll) enables remote code execution across nearly every supported Windows release when a user interacts with attacker-controlled content. The vulnerability spans Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all major feature updates, making the attack surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but vendor patch availability and the network-accessible, user-interaction-triggered attack vector place this firmly in the urgent-patching tier.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting (WER) enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM or administrative level on affected Windows endpoints and servers. The vulnerability spans virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2016 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - making the blast radius exceptionally broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the local privilege escalation primitive is highly valuable for post-compromise attackers pivoting from user-level access.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Manager Driver (a kernel-mode component) affects virtually every supported Windows client and server release, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. An attacker with an existing low-privileged local account can trigger the overflow to corrupt kernel heap structures and gain full SYSTEM-level control without any user interaction. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines; the vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 local privilege escalation rating with low attack complexity.
Remote code execution in the Microsoft Windows Telnet Client (telnet.exe) stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that lets an attacker run arbitrary code over the network. All currently-serviced Windows client and server editions - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - are affected until patched. Microsoft rates it CVSS 9.8; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Use-after-free in Windows Embedded Mode Service allows a locally authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate to SYSTEM-level access across virtually all supported Windows versions. The memory corruption occurs when the service accesses a previously freed object, enabling an attacker to manipulate heap layout and execute code in a privileged context. No public exploit or active exploitation (KEV) has been identified; Microsoft has released patches via Windows Update, and the AC:H rating reflects the timing-dependent race-condition exploitation typical of UAF primitives.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows IKE (Internet Key Exchange) Extension allows an authorized network-adjacent attacker to achieve remote code execution across a wide range of Windows client and server releases. The vulnerability (CWE-122) resides in the IKE/IPsec negotiation subsystem and requires low-privilege access to trigger, placing the full C:H/I:H/A:H impact triad within reach of authenticated network peers. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds.
Remote denial of service in Windows LDAP affects all major Windows desktop and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows Server 2025, allowing unauthenticated network attackers to crash the LDAP service by sending a malformed packet that triggers an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms trivial, credential-free exploitation with high availability impact and no confidentiality or integrity loss. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in VOLSNAP.SYS, the Windows Volume Shadow Copy kernel-mode driver, allows a low-privileged network attacker to achieve SYSTEM-level code execution across virtually all Windows client and server versions from Server 2012 to Server 2025. The CVSS 8.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R) confirms the exploit is network-reachable with low access complexity and a low-privileged account, constrained only by a user interaction requirement. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Shadow Copy driver (VOLSNAP.SYS) enables a low-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege, achieving full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Affected scope spans virtually all supported Windows releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025, making this a broad-footprint local privilege escalation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Distributed File System (DFS) component allows a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level access on affected Windows clients and servers. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad range of Microsoft Windows releases, from Windows 10 version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through the most current Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 builds. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows USB Video Driver enables a network-adjacent, low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level on affected Windows hosts. The vulnerability spans a wide swath of the Windows ecosystem, from legacy Server 2012 through current Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1, making it a broad enterprise patching obligation. Microsoft has released corrective build versions for each affected OS branch; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel Mode Driver affects virtually all current and several end-of-life Windows releases, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. A low-privileged local attacker can trigger an integer underflow/wraparound in the kernel driver that manifests as a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in ring-0, enabling elevation to SYSTEM. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, but the extremely broad Windows footprint, low attack complexity, and no user-interaction requirement make this a high-priority cumulative update target.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Shadow Copy driver (VOLSNAP.SYS) enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level. The flaw affects a broad swath of Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature-update channels - making it relevant to virtually any unpatched Windows environment. Microsoft has released corrective builds addressing the vulnerability, with no public exploit or active exploitation observed at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows' Volume Manager Driver enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM over a network, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise on the target host. The flaw spans an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft Windows versions, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making remediation breadth a significant operational challenge. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but vendor-released patches are available and should be applied promptly given the C:H/I:H/A:H impact potential.
Privilege escalation in Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) allows a local authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level access via a use-after-free memory corruption condition. Affected versions span the entire supported Windows ecosystem from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, making patch deployment at scale a significant operational task. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is confirmed at time of analysis, but the AC:H rating reflects a race-condition exploitation window rather than a trivial trigger, distinguishing this from mass-exploitable LPE bugs.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation lets an unauthenticated, remote attacker run arbitrary code by delivering a malformed media file or stream that triggers an integer overflow leading to a heap-based buffer overflow. All supported Windows client and server editions from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 are affected below the fixed builds. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit is identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS 9.8 unauthenticated network profile makes this a high-priority fix.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Volume Manager Driver allows a local authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level access via an integer overflow/wraparound in the kernel-mode driver. The vulnerability spans virtually every supported and extended-support Windows release, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low-complexity, no-interaction profile makes this a high-value post-exploitation primitive.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows TCP/IP stack exploits a race condition (CWE-362) to allow a low-privileged local user to gain full system-level control across virtually every supported Windows release. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, making the breadth of exposure exceptionally wide. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing was identified at time of analysis, but the scope of affected systems elevates organizational urgency.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Service enables a locally authenticated low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM-level access across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. The root cause is a race condition (CWE-362) in shared resource handling within the Bluetooth service, where competing threads can exploit an unsynchronized access window to trigger a privileged operation in the attacker's context. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.
Use-after-free in Microsoft's OpenSSH for Windows enables unauthenticated network attackers to achieve remote code execution across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R) indicates exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity and a requirement for user interaction, consistent with a client-side attack path where a victim must connect to an attacker-controlled SSH endpoint. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected Windows versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Windows NDIS (Network Driver Interface Specification) allows a low-privileged authenticated attacker to gain full control of the target system through a kernel-level use-after-free condition. The flaw spans an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft platforms, from end-of-life Windows Server 2012 through current Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025 builds. Exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity and required user interaction per the CVSS vector; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Audio Service (CWE-122) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level on affected Windows endpoints and servers. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally wide product range - from Windows Server 2012 to Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025 - making coordinated patch deployment a significant operational effort across enterprise environments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV active-exploitation listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected branches.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Windows Broker Infrastructure Service (CWE-121) allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to elevate privileges to SYSTEM on a wide range of Windows client and server editions. The vulnerability affects Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage Management Provider enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level on affected hosts. The vulnerability (CWE-122) spans virtually the entire Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 - making its attack surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches.
Privilege escalation in Windows Bluetooth Service via a use-after-free (CWE-416) allows a low-privileged local user to achieve full system compromise across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L) indicates the flaw requires local access and elevated attack complexity - consistent with a race condition in Bluetooth service memory management - but yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches via its regular update channel.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Media Foundation enables remote code execution across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An unauthenticated network attacker can trigger the overflow by inducing a target user to open or process a crafted media file, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability at the process level. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions and the low attack complexity (AC:L) make this a significant patching priority.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows TCP/IP kernel driver affects virtually every supported Windows release, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. A low-privileged local attacker exploits a race condition (CWE-362) in a shared TCP/IP resource accessed concurrently without proper synchronization, winning the timing window to corrupt kernel state and elevate to SYSTEM. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected platforms - 19 distinct Windows versions including all current Server SKUs - makes prompt patching essential, particularly on multi-user and shared-access systems.
Local denial of service in the Windows Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Miniport Driver enables unprivileged attackers to crash the host operating system across every supported Windows release, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through Server 2025. A malformed VHD operation submitted by a local user with no elevated privileges triggers a null pointer dereference (CWE-476) in the kernel-mode driver, producing an unhandled exception that results in a Blue Screen of Death and complete system outage. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Windows Modern Device Management (MDM) allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to gain full system-level control without additional user interaction. The root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization): the MDM component fails to enforce authorization checks on operations that should require elevated privileges, enabling an attacker who already has local access to escalate to SYSTEM or equivalent. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the low complexity and broad Windows footprint make this a meaningful patching priority.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Overlay Filter (WoF) kernel driver allows a low-privileged, authenticated attacker to escalate privileges over a network across a broad range of Windows client and server releases. The vulnerability (CWE-122) resides in a default-enabled kernel component, giving it a wide attack surface across the entire modern Windows ecosystem. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Overlay Filter (WofFilter.sys) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM across all supported Windows client and server releases. Affected builds span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, representing the full breadth of Microsoft's currently supported Windows estate. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected product lines.
Privilege escalation via use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Windows Kernel enables a network-accessible, low-privileged authenticated user to elevate to SYSTEM privileges across a broad range of Windows client and server releases spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has confirmed and released fixed builds for all affected versions via the MSRC advisory. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; the high attack complexity (AC:H) and mandatory user interaction (UI:R) substantially reduce the near-term risk of automated mass exploitation despite the full C:H/I:H/A:H impact triad.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in the Windows Local Security Authority Server (lsasrv) allows a low-privileged authenticated attacker to elevate to higher system access over a network. Affected across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025 builds, this vulnerability targets the core Windows authentication subsystem. Vendor patch is available; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Windows Print Spooler Components affects virtually all supported Windows client and server releases, enabling an authenticated low-privileged attacker operating over the network to achieve full system compromise by winning a race condition on an improperly synchronized shared resource. The CVSS vector (AC:H/UI:R) reflects that exploitation is non-trivial - the attacker must both time the race window precisely and depend on victim interaction - making opportunistic mass exploitation unlikely compared to targeted attacks. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) exploits a use-after-free condition (CWE-416), enabling an authenticated low-privileged attacker to gain SYSTEM-level access on affected Windows systems. The flaw spans a wide range of platforms from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing is present at time of analysis, though the high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests a race condition or timing-dependent exploitation path.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word enables remote code execution when a victim opens a specially crafted document. Exploitation requires no attacker privileges but does require user interaction, making phishing-delivered malicious documents the expected delivery mechanism. The full C:H/I:H/A:H impact triad indicates complete system compromise upon successful exploitation; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Active Directory Domain Services enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to a higher integrity level, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected system. The vulnerability affects a broad range of Windows versions from Server 2016 through Server 2025, as well as Windows 10 and 11 across multiple feature release channels. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, though the wide deployment footprint of AD DS in enterprise environments makes this a meaningful patching priority.
Remote code execution in Windows Remote Desktop Client allows an authorized network attacker to fully compromise a victim's client machine by exploiting use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908) during an RDP session with a malicious server. Every major Windows client and server release - Windows 10/11 in all currently-supported feature versions and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 including Server Core - is affected below specific cumulative update build thresholds. Microsoft has issued patches via the MSRC update guide; no public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Use-after-free in the Windows Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) subsystem enables an authenticated network attacker to elevate privileges on affected Windows systems. The vulnerability spans a wide range of Windows client and server releases - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 and Server 2025 - and requires both low-privilege authentication and user interaction to exploit, substantially tempering the real-world risk relative to the high CIA impact scores. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches through the July 2026 update cycle.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service (WinBioSrvc) enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on a wide range of Windows client and server platforms. An authorized local user with standard (PR:L) privileges can exploit this without user interaction, achieving full C:H/I:H/A:H impact on the vulnerable host. No public exploit or active CISA KEV listing is confirmed at time of analysis; the vendor patch is available via Microsoft's Patch Tuesday release cycle.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Fast FAT filesystem driver (fastfat.sys) enables local code execution across a wide range of Windows client and server versions. The vulnerability is reachable without elevated privileges (PR:N, AV:L) under high-complexity conditions, suggesting a crafted FAT volume - such as a malicious USB drive or mounted disk image - can trigger the overflow in kernel space. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the combination of full C:H/I:H/A:H impact and breadth of affected versions (Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 through Server 2025) makes patching a priority for environments with physical or removable-media exposure.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Remote Desktop Services (RDS) enables low-privilege authenticated network attackers to achieve remote code execution across a broad range of Windows client and server platforms, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10 through Windows 11. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) confirms the attack requires an authenticated session and elevated exploitation complexity, yielding a base score of 7.5. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available covering 19 distinct OS build lines.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level access via a heap-based buffer overflow. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Windows desktop and server editions from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, but the low-complexity, no-interaction CVSS vector makes this a practical post-exploitation stepping stone.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Spaceport.sys, the kernel-mode driver that backs Windows Storage Spaces, lets an attacker who already holds low-privileged authenticated access elevate to kernel-level privileges on affected Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server builds. Successful exploitation yields total impact across confidentiality, integrity and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H), consistent with code execution in kernel context, and no user interaction is required beyond the attacker's existing session. The flaw is not listed in CISA KEV, SSVC records exploitation as 'none' and the attack as non-automatable, and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; EPSS is a modest 0.77% (53rd percentile), so real-world risk is currently driven by targeted post-compromise privilege escalation rather than mass exploitation.
Remote code execution in Windows Media Foundation exposes virtually all supported Windows releases to heap buffer overflow exploitation via network-delivered media content. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R) indicates an unauthenticated attacker can trigger the flaw by enticing a user to open or stream a maliciously crafted media file, resulting in full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected process. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Fax Service (CWE-122) enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows client and server editions spanning Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An authenticated low-privileged local user can trigger the overflow with low attack complexity (AC:L), achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H). Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS affects a broad range of Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. An authorized (low-privilege) network attacker who can trigger specific NTFS parsing behavior - requiring user interaction - can achieve full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, effectively gaining system-level access. No public exploit has been identified at the time of analysis, but a vendor-released patch is available and should be prioritized given the breadth of affected OS versions.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Windows USB Driver allows an authenticated low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level access, with the CVSS vector indicating network-based exploitation (AV:N) requiring user interaction. The vulnerability affects a wide range of Windows versions from Windows 10 1809 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2019 through 2025. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and the attack vector's network classification combined with a USB driver component is atypical - likely involving USB-over-network redirection features (e.g., Hyper-V or Remote Desktop USB redirection) rather than physical USB enumeration.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Secure Kernel Mode exploits an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) to allow a low-privileged local attacker to elevate to full kernel-level control across a broad range of Windows 10, 11, and Server releases. The Secure Kernel Mode (SKM) context - part of Windows Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) operating at Virtual Trust Level 1 (VTL1) - means successful exploitation bypasses standard OS-kernel isolation, making this structurally more severe than a conventional LPE. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; vendor-released patches are available via Microsoft's July 2026 security update cycle.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Image Acquisition (WIA) through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows a low-privileged authenticated local user to gain full SYSTEM-level control. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad range of Microsoft Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patch scope significant across virtually all enterprise Windows environments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity rating (AC:H) suggests reliable exploitation requires precise timing or heap manipulation skill.
Remote code execution in Windows Imaging Component (WIC) is possible via an integer overflow (CWE-190) triggered when processing a maliciously crafted image file, affecting virtually every supported and legacy Windows release from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. An unauthenticated network-based attacker can deliver a specially crafted image that causes an integer wraparound in WIC's parsing logic, leading to arbitrary code execution in the context of the target user. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected platforms and low attack complexity make this a high-priority patching target.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Win32K kernel-mode GUI subsystem allows a low-privileged local user to gain SYSTEM-level access via a use-after-free memory corruption condition. The vulnerability affects a broad span of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025 releases, making it highly relevant to enterprise endpoint and server environments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches across all affected version branches.
Remote code execution in the Windows Compressed Folder (zipfldr / built-in ZIP shell handler) affects a broad range of supported Windows client and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 through Windows 11 25H2/26H1 and Windows Server 2025. A heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in the archive-parsing code lets an attacker who delivers a crafted compressed archive corrupt heap memory and execute arbitrary code. Microsoft rates it CVSS 9.8; the flaw was reported by Microsoft's own MSRC and a patch is available. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Event Logging Service enables network-accessible, unauthenticated code execution with full system impact across a sweeping range of Windows client and server releases. The flaw (CWE-122) resides in the Event Logging Service - a privileged, always-running Windows component - and can be exploited by a remote attacker who induces a victim user to trigger the vulnerable code path, yielding complete confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected OS versions and the ubiquity of Windows deployments make this a high-priority patching candidate.
Remote code execution via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Event Logging Service (CWE-122) affects a sweeping range of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. An unauthenticated network attacker can trigger the vulnerability with user interaction, achieving full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; vendor patch availability makes remediation immediately actionable.
Remote code execution in the Windows Event Logging Service (EventLog) affects a broad range of currently-supported Windows client and server editions, from Windows 10 1607/1809/21H2/22H2 and Windows 11 through 26H1, to Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. An out-of-bounds read in the service's network-facing parsing path allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over the network per Microsoft's advisory, which rates it CVSS 9.8. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not in CISA KEV, but the pre-auth, network-reachable profile makes it a high patch-priority item.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Partition Management Driver (partmgr.sys) enables a low-privileged local attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM or kernel level across virtually all supported Windows client and server releases. Exploitation requires existing low-privileged code execution on the target and high attack complexity, consistent with a race condition or precise heap-grooming technique. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in the Microsoft DirectMusic component of Windows (spanning Windows 10, 11 through version 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025) allows an unauthorized attacker to execute arbitrary code by triggering a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). Microsoft rates it 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) and has released patches; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV. DirectMusic is a legacy multimedia audio subsystem, so exploitation typically flows through malicious media content processed by the DirectMusic parser.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service (WinBioSvc) enables a low-privileged local attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects an extremely wide surface - fifteen distinct Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server release trains from Server 2016 through Server 2025 - making it relevant to virtually every Windows enterprise environment. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches through Windows Update.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Device Association Service allows a low-privileged attacker to gain SYSTEM-level access on unpatched systems via a use-after-free memory corruption bug (CWE-416). The vulnerability spans the entire current Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 R2 through Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025 - making the attack surface extremely broad. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution in the Windows Remote Desktop Client (mstsc.exe and related components) allows a low-privileged attacker to execute arbitrary code on the victim client machine via a network connection. The root cause is CWE-908 (use of uninitialized resource), where memory that has not been properly initialized can be manipulated by a malicious RDP server to hijack execution flow on the connecting client. The vulnerability affects the RDP client component across a broad range of Windows releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025. No public exploit or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS score of 8.8 and high C/I/A impact make this a priority patching target.
Windows Error Reporting (WER) across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases creates temporary files in directories with insecure permissions, enabling a local attacker with standard user privileges to tamper with those files and read their contents. The vulnerability is classified as CWE-379 and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.1 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N), reflecting high confidentiality and integrity impact achievable without elevated rights. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through its standard update channel.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Enterprise App Management affects a broad swath of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. An authenticated network attacker with low privileges who can induce a target user to interact with a crafted payload can trigger the overflow and achieve full system-level compromise (High C/I/A). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing was identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions and the vendor-released patch signal a systemic component-level flaw.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM-level via a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Partition Management Driver affects multiple Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An authenticated local attacker with low privileges can exploit the CWE-122 heap overflow to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the local system. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor-released patch is available through the Microsoft Security Response Center.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows NTFS filesystem driver allows a local, unprivileged attacker to execute arbitrary code with full system impact. The vulnerability (CWE-122) affects an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft Windows and Windows Server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11. The CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:N) suggests exploitation is achievable without a Windows account - consistent with a crafted NTFS volume triggering the overflow on mount, such as via removable media. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Device Association Service enables a low-privileged local user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level across a broad range of Windows desktop and server platforms. Affected versions span Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 - all prior to their respective patched builds detailed in the Microsoft MSRC advisory. Microsoft has released patches via the standard update channel; no public exploit code or CISA KEV active-exploitation listing has been confirmed at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Biometric Service (WinBio) affects all major Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server editions from version 1607 through Server 2025. An authenticated local attacker exploiting this vulnerability can corrupt heap structures within the privileged WinBio process to execute arbitrary code at SYSTEM level. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all fifteen affected version and edition combinations.
Privilege escalation in Windows Remote Desktop Services exploits an untrusted pointer dereference (CWE-822) to allow a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to gain full system control (C:H/I:H/A:H). The flaw affects a broad swath of Windows versions from Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature update branches. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches via the standard update cycle.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows an authenticated local attacker to elevate from low-privileged user to SYSTEM-level access. The vulnerability spans the entire current Windows ecosystem - from legacy Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making it broadly relevant to enterprise patch management. No public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected OS versions and the practical value of local EoP payloads in post-initial-access attack chains make timely patching essential.
Use-after-free in the Windows Human Interface Devices kernel subsystem allows a local, low-privileged user to escalate to SYSTEM-level control. Affecting virtually all current Windows desktop and server releases - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H1), Windows Server 2016 through 2025 - successful exploitation requires local session access and precise timing but yields full C:H/I:H/A:H kernel impact. No active exploitation has been confirmed (no CISA KEV listing) and no public proof-of-concept is known; Microsoft has released patches for all affected build branches.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Connected User Experiences and Telemetry service (DiagTrack/utcsvc) exposes a use-after-free memory condition allowing an authenticated local attacker to achieve full SYSTEM-level control. The vulnerability carries CVSS 7.0 with AC:H, indicating a race-condition or timing-dependent trigger that elevates exploitation difficulty but does not preclude reliable use in post-breach scenarios. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected Windows client and server SKUs; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Volume Manager Extension Driver allows a low-privileged authenticated user to gain full SYSTEM-level control via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122). The vulnerability spans an exceptionally wide range of Windows versions - from the legacy Windows Server 2012 and Windows 10 1607 through the current Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 - making patching scope a significant operational challenge. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at the time of analysis, and the CVSS AC:H metric reflects meaningful exploitation complexity, but the vulnerability's kernel-mode scope and full C:H/I:H/A:H impact make it a high-value post-compromise tool.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Microsoft Graphics Component enables a locally authenticated attacker with standard user privileges to escalate to full system control across Windows 10 and Windows 11. The flaw (CWE-121) is triggered locally with low complexity and no user interaction, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact per the CVSS:3.1 vector. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, but the low-privilege requirement and zero interaction needed make this a realistic post-compromise escalation primitive.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel across virtually all supported Windows releases exploits a time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition (CWE-367) to elevate from low-privilege user to SYSTEM. An authenticated local attacker wins a race between when the kernel validates a resource and when it uses it, substituting a different object between those two moments. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions as part of a coordinated update cycle.
Remote code execution in the Windows NTFS file-system driver stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) reachable by an unauthorized attacker over a network, per Microsoft's advisory. The flaw affects a very broad range of supported Windows client and server builds from Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 up to version 26H1. Microsoft rates it CVSS 9.8 and has released patches; no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting (WER) enables network-based privilege escalation across a broad range of Windows desktop and server versions. An authenticated low-privileged attacker who can trigger user interaction can exploit the overflow to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise - effectively gaining SYSTEM-level control. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected versions (Windows 10 through Server 2025) and the ubiquity of WER in Windows deployments make this a high-priority patch item.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Windows NTFS (CWE-121) enables remote code execution across a broad range of Microsoft Windows desktop and server editions. An unauthenticated network attacker can trigger the overflow with user interaction, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the target system. The vendor-confirmed patch is available via Microsoft's update channel; no active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Use-after-free in Windows Modern Device Management (MDM) enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges across a broad swath of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R) indicates the attack is network-reachable but constrained by high exploitation complexity and required user interaction, limiting opportunistic mass exploitation. Microsoft has released patched builds; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Power Dependency Coordinator component allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server systems. The flaw (CWE-122) requires only a local account and no user interaction, making it a reliable post-compromise escalation primitive. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and it does not appear in the CISA KEV catalog, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and broad platform coverage across Windows 10 through Server 2025 make patching a priority in any environment where insider threat or malware post-exploitation is a concern.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in Windows BitLocker affects a broad swath of Microsoft operating systems from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature updates. A low-privileged network-authenticated attacker who can induce user interaction can trigger CWE-125 memory reads beyond buffer boundaries in the BitLocker component, ultimately achieving elevation of privileges with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 8.0). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches addressing all confirmed affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech (CWE-122) allows a local low-privileged attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges with no user interaction required. The vulnerability spans the entire modern Windows platform - Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 - making the attack surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry has been identified at time of analysis; however, the vendor patch is confirmed available via MSRC.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Remote Access Connection Manager (RASMAN) service enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on a broad range of Windows desktop and server editions, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. An authenticated attacker with a low-privilege local foothold can exploit the overflow with low complexity and no user interaction, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise (CVSS 7.8, AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines via MSRC.
Use-after-free in Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) enables an authenticated low-privilege attacker operating over a network to escalate privileges on affected systems, with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact when successfully exploited. The CVSS vector (AC:H/UI:R) reflects meaningful exploitation complexity - a specific race condition must be won and some form of user interaction is required, constraining opportunistic mass exploitation. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions - from Server 2012 to Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all current branches - makes patch prioritization important for enterprise environments.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) across virtually all supported Windows releases exploits an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) to allow a low-privileged authenticated local user to gain SYSTEM-level access with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. The breadth of affected platforms is significant, spanning Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 23H2 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 including Server Core installations. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches through the standard Windows Update channel.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Service allows a low-privileged local attacker to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a race condition in shared resource handling. Affected versions span Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 23H2 through 26H1, Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025. Microsoft has released patched builds; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Path traversal in the Windows Compressed Folder built-in ZIP handler allows a locally authenticated standard user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM or Administrator level across a wide range of Windows client and server editions. The vulnerability (CWE-22) exists in the component that processes ZIP archive extraction, enabling crafted archive entries to write files outside the intended extraction directory into sensitive system paths. No public exploit or KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity and broad version coverage across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 through 2025 make this a high-priority patching target in environments where local privilege escalation is a concern.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Windows Speech enables local privilege escalation across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server platforms from 2016 through 2025. An authorized local attacker holding only a standard user account can exploit the CWE-122 flaw without user interaction to obtain full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H), effectively achieving SYSTEM-level privileges. Vendor-supplied patches are available via MSRC; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Installer (msiexec) allows a low-privileged authenticated user to gain full SYSTEM-level control by exploiting a race condition on a shared resource during installer operations. The vulnerability is present across a broad swath of Windows desktop and server releases, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though the CVSS High score (7.0) and full C:H/I:H/A:H impact reflect the severity of a successful escalation.
Remote code execution in Microsoft JScript's numeric type conversion logic allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected Windows hosts. The vulnerability stems from CWE-681 (incorrect conversion between numeric types) in jscript.dll, the legacy Windows scripting engine, and affects the full span of supported Windows releases from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the network-reachable, zero-interaction CVSS vector (AV:N/UI:N) indicates exploitation via server-side JScript processing contexts such as IIS Classic ASP, without requiring user interaction.
Privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) via a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) allows an authenticated local attacker - holding only standard user privileges - to achieve full system compromise across all current Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019/2022/2025 builds. The CVSS 7.8 vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) reflects low attack complexity and no interaction requirement, making this an effective land-and-escalate primitive for threat actors with any initial foothold on a target host. Vendor patch is available from Microsoft; no public exploit has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows URL Moniker (urlmon.dll) enables remote code execution across nearly every supported Windows release when a user interacts with attacker-controlled content. The vulnerability spans Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across all major feature updates, making the attack surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but vendor patch availability and the network-accessible, user-interaction-triggered attack vector place this firmly in the urgent-patching tier.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Error Reporting (WER) enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM or administrative level on affected Windows endpoints and servers. The vulnerability spans virtually the entire supported Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2016 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - making the blast radius exceptionally broad. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the local privilege escalation primitive is highly valuable for post-compromise attackers pivoting from user-level access.
Privilege escalation to SYSTEM via heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Manager Driver (a kernel-mode component) affects virtually every supported Windows client and server release, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. An attacker with an existing low-privileged local account can trigger the overflow to corrupt kernel heap structures and gain full SYSTEM-level control without any user interaction. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines; the vulnerability carries a CVSS 7.8 local privilege escalation rating with low attack complexity.
Remote code execution in the Microsoft Windows Telnet Client (telnet.exe) stems from a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) that lets an attacker run arbitrary code over the network. All currently-serviced Windows client and server editions - from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 - are affected until patched. Microsoft rates it CVSS 9.8; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Use-after-free in Windows Embedded Mode Service allows a locally authenticated attacker with low privileges to escalate to SYSTEM-level access across virtually all supported Windows versions. The memory corruption occurs when the service accesses a previously freed object, enabling an attacker to manipulate heap layout and execute code in a privileged context. No public exploit or active exploitation (KEV) has been identified; Microsoft has released patches via Windows Update, and the AC:H rating reflects the timing-dependent race-condition exploitation typical of UAF primitives.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows IKE (Internet Key Exchange) Extension allows an authorized network-adjacent attacker to achieve remote code execution across a wide range of Windows client and server releases. The vulnerability (CWE-122) resides in the IKE/IPsec negotiation subsystem and requires low-privilege access to trigger, placing the full C:H/I:H/A:H impact triad within reach of authenticated network peers. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds.
Remote denial of service in Windows LDAP affects all major Windows desktop and server releases from Windows 10 1607 through Windows Server 2025, allowing unauthenticated network attackers to crash the LDAP service by sending a malformed packet that triggers an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) confirms trivial, credential-free exploitation with high availability impact and no confidentiality or integrity loss. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in VOLSNAP.SYS, the Windows Volume Shadow Copy kernel-mode driver, allows a low-privileged network attacker to achieve SYSTEM-level code execution across virtually all Windows client and server versions from Server 2012 to Server 2025. The CVSS 8.0 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R) confirms the exploit is network-reachable with low access complexity and a low-privileged account, constrained only by a user interaction requirement. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Shadow Copy driver (VOLSNAP.SYS) enables a low-privileged local attacker to execute arbitrary code at kernel privilege, achieving full system compromise (C:H/I:H/A:H). Affected scope spans virtually all supported Windows releases from Server 2012 through Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025, making this a broad-footprint local privilege escalation. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Distributed File System (DFS) component allows a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level access on affected Windows clients and servers. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally broad range of Microsoft Windows releases, from Windows 10 version 1607 and Windows Server 2012 through the most current Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025 builds. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows USB Video Driver enables a network-adjacent, low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level on affected Windows hosts. The vulnerability spans a wide swath of the Windows ecosystem, from legacy Server 2012 through current Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1, making it a broad enterprise patching obligation. Microsoft has released corrective build versions for each affected OS branch; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Kernel Mode Driver affects virtually all current and several end-of-life Windows releases, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025. A low-privileged local attacker can trigger an integer underflow/wraparound in the kernel driver that manifests as a heap-based buffer overflow (CWE-122) in ring-0, enabling elevation to SYSTEM. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, but the extremely broad Windows footprint, low attack complexity, and no user-interaction requirement make this a high-priority cumulative update target.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Volume Shadow Copy driver (VOLSNAP.SYS) enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM level. The flaw affects a broad swath of Windows releases - from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 10/11 across multiple feature-update channels - making it relevant to virtually any unpatched Windows environment. Microsoft has released corrective builds addressing the vulnerability, with no public exploit or active exploitation observed at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows' Volume Manager Driver enables a low-privileged authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM over a network, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise on the target host. The flaw spans an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft Windows versions, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025, making remediation breadth a significant operational challenge. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but vendor-released patches are available and should be applied promptly given the C:H/I:H/A:H impact potential.
Privilege escalation in Windows USB Audio Class driver (usbaudio.sys) allows a local authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level access via a use-after-free memory corruption condition. Affected versions span the entire supported Windows ecosystem from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025, making patch deployment at scale a significant operational task. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing is confirmed at time of analysis, but the AC:H rating reflects a race-condition exploitation window rather than a trivial trigger, distinguishing this from mass-exploitable LPE bugs.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Windows Media Foundation lets an unauthenticated, remote attacker run arbitrary code by delivering a malformed media file or stream that triggers an integer overflow leading to a heap-based buffer overflow. All supported Windows client and server editions from Windows 10 1607 and Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2025 are affected below the fixed builds. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit is identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS 9.8 unauthenticated network profile makes this a high-priority fix.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Volume Manager Driver allows a local authenticated user to gain SYSTEM-level access via an integer overflow/wraparound in the kernel-mode driver. The vulnerability spans virtually every supported and extended-support Windows release, from Windows Server 2012 through Windows Server 2025 and Windows 11 26H1. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the low-complexity, no-interaction profile makes this a high-value post-exploitation primitive.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows TCP/IP stack exploits a race condition (CWE-362) to allow a low-privileged local user to gain full system-level control across virtually every supported Windows release. The vulnerability spans Windows 10 through Windows 11 25H2 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025, making the breadth of exposure exceptionally wide. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing was identified at time of analysis, but the scope of affected systems elevates organizational urgency.
Privilege escalation in the Windows Bluetooth Service enables a locally authenticated low-privileged user to gain SYSTEM-level access across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions. The root cause is a race condition (CWE-362) in shared resource handling within the Bluetooth service, where competing threads can exploit an unsynchronized access window to trigger a privileged operation in the attacker's context. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis.
Use-after-free in Microsoft's OpenSSH for Windows enables unauthenticated network attackers to achieve remote code execution across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R) indicates exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity and a requirement for user interaction, consistent with a client-side attack path where a victim must connect to an attacker-controlled SSH endpoint. Microsoft has released patched builds across all affected Windows versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Windows NDIS (Network Driver Interface Specification) allows a low-privileged authenticated attacker to gain full control of the target system through a kernel-level use-after-free condition. The flaw spans an exceptionally wide range of Microsoft platforms, from end-of-life Windows Server 2012 through current Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025 builds. Exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity and required user interaction per the CVSS vector; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Audio Service (CWE-122) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level on affected Windows endpoints and servers. The vulnerability spans an exceptionally wide product range - from Windows Server 2012 to Windows 11 25H2 and Server 2025 - making coordinated patch deployment a significant operational effort across enterprise environments. No public exploit code or CISA KEV active-exploitation listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected branches.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Windows Broker Infrastructure Service (CWE-121) allows a locally authenticated low-privileged attacker to elevate privileges to SYSTEM on a wide range of Windows client and server editions. The vulnerability affects Windows 10 (versions 1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (versions 23H2 through 26H1), and Windows Server 2016 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Storage Management Provider enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level on affected hosts. The vulnerability (CWE-122) spans virtually the entire Windows ecosystem - from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025 - making its attack surface exceptionally broad. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but Microsoft has released patches across all affected branches.
Privilege escalation in Windows Bluetooth Service via a use-after-free (CWE-416) allows a low-privileged local user to achieve full system compromise across a broad range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L) indicates the flaw requires local access and elevated attack complexity - consistent with a race condition in Bluetooth service memory management - but yields full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact upon successful exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, and Microsoft has released patches via its regular update channel.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Media Foundation enables remote code execution across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server releases. An unauthenticated network attacker can trigger the overflow by inducing a target user to open or process a crafted media file, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability at the process level. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected Windows versions and the low attack complexity (AC:L) make this a significant patching priority.
Local privilege escalation in the Windows TCP/IP kernel driver affects virtually every supported Windows release, from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. A low-privileged local attacker exploits a race condition (CWE-362) in a shared TCP/IP resource accessed concurrently without proper synchronization, winning the timing window to corrupt kernel state and elevate to SYSTEM. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the breadth of affected platforms - 19 distinct Windows versions including all current Server SKUs - makes prompt patching essential, particularly on multi-user and shared-access systems.
Local denial of service in the Windows Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) Miniport Driver enables unprivileged attackers to crash the host operating system across every supported Windows release, from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2016 through Server 2025. A malformed VHD operation submitted by a local user with no elevated privileges triggers a null pointer dereference (CWE-476) in the kernel-mode driver, producing an unhandled exception that results in a Blue Screen of Death and complete system outage. Microsoft has released patches for all affected builds; no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Windows Modern Device Management (MDM) allows a locally authenticated, low-privileged attacker to gain full system-level control without additional user interaction. The root cause is CWE-862 (Missing Authorization): the MDM component fails to enforce authorization checks on operations that should require elevated privileges, enabling an attacker who already has local access to escalate to SYSTEM or equivalent. No public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, but the low complexity and broad Windows footprint make this a meaningful patching priority.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Overlay Filter (WoF) kernel driver allows a low-privileged, authenticated attacker to escalate privileges over a network across a broad range of Windows client and server releases. The vulnerability (CWE-122) resides in a default-enabled kernel component, giving it a wide attack surface across the entire modern Windows ecosystem. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Overlay Filter (WofFilter.sys) enables a locally authenticated, low-privileged user to escalate privileges to SYSTEM across all supported Windows client and server releases. Affected builds span Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025, representing the full breadth of Microsoft's currently supported Windows estate. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches for all affected product lines.
Privilege escalation via use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Windows Kernel enables a network-accessible, low-privileged authenticated user to elevate to SYSTEM privileges across a broad range of Windows client and server releases spanning Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has confirmed and released fixed builds for all affected versions via the MSRC advisory. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; the high attack complexity (AC:H) and mandatory user interaction (UI:R) substantially reduce the near-term risk of automated mass exploitation despite the full C:H/I:H/A:H impact triad.
Privilege escalation via out-of-bounds read in the Windows Local Security Authority Server (lsasrv) allows a low-privileged authenticated attacker to elevate to higher system access over a network. Affected across a wide range of Windows 10, Windows 11, Windows Server 2022, and Windows Server 2025 builds, this vulnerability targets the core Windows authentication subsystem. Vendor patch is available; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing identified at time of analysis.
Privilege escalation in Windows Print Spooler Components affects virtually all supported Windows client and server releases, enabling an authenticated low-privileged attacker operating over the network to achieve full system compromise by winning a race condition on an improperly synchronized shared resource. The CVSS vector (AC:H/UI:R) reflects that exploitation is non-trivial - the attacker must both time the race window precisely and depend on victim interaction - making opportunistic mass exploitation unlikely compared to targeted attacks. Microsoft has released patches across all affected versions; no public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Error Reporting (WER) exploits a use-after-free condition (CWE-416), enabling an authenticated low-privileged attacker to gain SYSTEM-level access on affected Windows systems. The flaw spans a wide range of platforms from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012 through Server 2025. Microsoft has released patches; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing is present at time of analysis, though the high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests a race condition or timing-dependent exploitation path.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Word enables remote code execution when a victim opens a specially crafted document. Exploitation requires no attacker privileges but does require user interaction, making phishing-delivered malicious documents the expected delivery mechanism. The full C:H/I:H/A:H impact triad indicates complete system compromise upon successful exploitation; no public exploit code or active exploitation has been confirmed at time of analysis.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Active Directory Domain Services enables a locally authenticated attacker to escalate privileges to a higher integrity level, achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability compromise of the affected system. The vulnerability affects a broad range of Windows versions from Server 2016 through Server 2025, as well as Windows 10 and 11 across multiple feature release channels. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing is identified at time of analysis, though the wide deployment footprint of AD DS in enterprise environments makes this a meaningful patching priority.
Remote code execution in Windows Remote Desktop Client allows an authorized network attacker to fully compromise a victim's client machine by exploiting use of an uninitialized resource (CWE-908) during an RDP session with a malicious server. Every major Windows client and server release - Windows 10/11 in all currently-supported feature versions and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 including Server Core - is affected below specific cumulative update build thresholds. Microsoft has issued patches via the MSRC update guide; no public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Use-after-free in the Windows Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) subsystem enables an authenticated network attacker to elevate privileges on affected Windows systems. The vulnerability spans a wide range of Windows client and server releases - from Server 2012 through Windows 11 and Server 2025 - and requires both low-privilege authentication and user interaction to exploit, substantially tempering the real-world risk relative to the high CIA impact scores. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; Microsoft has released patches through the July 2026 update cycle.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Biometric Service (WinBioSrvc) enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on a wide range of Windows client and server platforms. An authorized local user with standard (PR:L) privileges can exploit this without user interaction, achieving full C:H/I:H/A:H impact on the vulnerable host. No public exploit or active CISA KEV listing is confirmed at time of analysis; the vendor patch is available via Microsoft's Patch Tuesday release cycle.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Fast FAT filesystem driver (fastfat.sys) enables local code execution across a wide range of Windows client and server versions. The vulnerability is reachable without elevated privileges (PR:N, AV:L) under high-complexity conditions, suggesting a crafted FAT volume - such as a malicious USB drive or mounted disk image - can trigger the overflow in kernel space. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the combination of full C:H/I:H/A:H impact and breadth of affected versions (Windows 10 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 through Server 2025) makes patching a priority for environments with physical or removable-media exposure.