Denial Of Service
Monthly
Sandbox escape via use after free in Google Chrome's Viz component prior to 147.0.7727.101. Exploitation requires a prior compromise of the renderer process and user interaction with a crafted HTML page. No active exploitation reported; EPSS indicates a very low probability of exploitation (0.02%).
Sandbox escape via a use-after-free in Google Chrome's Graphite component allows a remote attacker with an already compromised renderer process to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox. The vulnerability affects Chrome versions before 147.0.7727.101 and requires high attack complexity along with user interaction to trigger. No public exploit or active exploitation is known, and the EPSS score is very low (0.
Arbitrary code execution within Google Chrome's sandbox affects all versions prior to 147.0.7727.101 through a use-after-free vulnerability in the codec processing components. Remote attackers can exploit this by tricking users into visiting a malicious webpage, achieving high-severity compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the sandboxed renderer process. Google has released version 147.0.7727.101 as a stable channel update to address this flaw. No evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the simplicity of the attack vector (network-based, low complexity, requiring only user interaction) warrants prioritized patching.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome's Video component prior to version 147.0.7727.101 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code within the browser's sandbox by serving a crafted HTML page. No active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been identified; EPSS estimates a very low probability (0.03%) of exploitation in the wild.
Use-after-free in CSS in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.101 enables a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the Chrome sandbox via a crafted HTML page. No public exploit code or active exploitation is currently known, and EPSS predicts extremely low exploitation probability (0.03%).
Out-of-bounds memory access in Google Chrome 147 on Windows prior to
Remote code execution in Google Chrome on Android versions prior to 147.0.7727.101 allows a remote attacker to compromise the browser. A use-after-free vulnerability in the XR component can be triggered via a crafted HTML page, enabling out-of-bounds memory read and potentially full system compromise. While the CVSS score is 8.8, the EPSS probability is low (0.07%) and no active exploitation has been observed, though exploitation only requires user interaction.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome’s Prerender feature allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on a victim's system by convincing them to visit a malicious webpage. This critical-severity vulnerability affects Chrome versions prior to 147.0.7727.101 and is rated CVSS 8.8, but has a very low EPSS exploitation likelihood and no known active exploitation.
Sandbox escape via use-after-free in Google Chrome's Proxy component allows network‑positioned attackers to execute arbitrary code outside the browser sandbox. Affected are Chrome versions prior to 147.0.7727.101. No active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution and privilege escalation in Cisco Identity Services Engine allows authenticated attackers with Read Only Admin privileges to execute arbitrary operating system commands via crafted HTTP requests, resulting in full root access. The vulnerability, rated 9.9 (Critical), impacts multiple ISE versions; in single-node deployments, the affected device may become unavailable, causing denial of service. No active exploitation (KEV) or public exploit code has been identified, and the EPSS score of 0.21% indicates low likelihood of widespread attacks.
Command injection in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) lets an authenticated remote attacker holding only Read-Only Admin credentials run arbitrary OS commands and escalate to root by sending a crafted HTTP request. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied input (CWE-77); on single-node deployments a successful exploit can also crash the node, blocking network authentication for not-yet-authenticated endpoints. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.23%), and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation, though the technical impact is rated total.
Command injection in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and ISE Passive Identity Connector (PIC) allows authenticated administrative attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands, achieving user-level access and privilege escalation to root. In single-node deployments, exploitation can cause a denial of service, disrupting network access for unauthenticated endpoints. No active exploitation has been observed and the low EPSS score suggests lower immediate risk.
Pre-authentication resource exhaustion in Bouncy Castle BC-JAVA PGP modules (bcpg) allows remote attackers to trigger denial-of-service by exploiting unbounded AEAD chunk sizes, affecting all versions before 1.84. The maximum CVSS 4.0 score of 10.0 reflects complete compromise potential across confidentiality, integrity, and availability with no attack complexity, no authentication requirements, and network-based exploitation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the attack s
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe FrameMaker 2022.8 and earlier allows local attackers to execute malicious code with current user privileges by tricking victims into opening specially crafted files. This use-after-free memory corruption vulnerability requires no authentication but depends on user interaction. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) or public proof-of-concept identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and user interaction requirement reduce immediate remote threat surface compared to network-accessible vulnerabilities.
Denial of service vulnerability in Go Markdown's SmartypantsRenderer leads to a panic or out-of-bounds read when processing malformed input containing an unmatched '<' character. Unauthenticated remote attackers can crash services using the library by supplying crafted Markdown content, causing service disruption. A public proof-of-concept exists, but exploitation probability is low (EPSS 0.04%) and no active exploitation has
Memory corruption in Microsoft Office Word enables local code execution through a use-after-free flaw affecting Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise and Office LTSC 2021/2024 for Windows and Mac. Despite the local attack vector (AV:L), the vulnerability requires no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N), allowing unauthorized attackers to execute arbitrary code with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 8.4). Vendor-released patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center as of April 2026. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the technical simplicity (AC:L) and memory corruption primitive increase weaponization risk.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Print Spooler Components allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve complete system compromise (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption vulnerability. Affects Windows 11 versions 24H2, 25H2, 26H1, Windows Server 2022 23H2 Edition, and Windows Server 2025. CVSS score 7.8 reflects local attack vector with low complexity and no user interaction required. No public exploit or CISA KEV status identified at time of analysis, though use-after-free vulnerabilities in Print Spooler have historically been attractive exploitation targets.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The CWE-416 use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged authenticated attackers with local access to elevate to SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. SSVC framework rates this as non-automatable with total technical impact. No public exploit
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges across all supported Windows versions. Microsoft has released patches for Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3-25H2), and Windows Server (2012-2022 23H2). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), but no public exploit
Denial-of-service condition in Microsoft .NET Framework 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust system resources through network-based uncontrolled resource consumption. Affects .NET 8.0 versions prior to 8.0.26, .NET 9.0 versions prior to 9.0.15, and .NET 10.0 versions prior to 10.0.6. Microsoft has released patches addressing CWE-400 resource exhaustion. No evidence of active exploitation (not listed in CISA KEV) at time of analysis, though the network-accessible, unauthenticated attack vector and low complexity (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) present significant availability risk for internet-facing .NET applications.
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft PowerPoint (versions 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021, LTSC 2024, and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise) enables local code execution when users open malicious files. An attacker with no privileges can achieve full system compromise (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) by convincing a user to open a crafted PowerPoint document. Vendor patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center. No public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) identified at time of analysis, though CVSS 7.8 rating reflects high severity for local attack scenarios.
Microsoft Excel use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) enables arbitrary code execution when a user opens a specially crafted Excel file. Affects Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Excel 2016, Office 2019, Office LTSC 2021/2024 (Windows and Mac), and Office Online Server. CVSS 7.8 (High) requires local access and user interaction but no authentication. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft released patches addressing all affected product lines per MSRC update guide.
Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Office Excel enables local code execution when users open maliciously crafted Excel files. Affects all major Office versions including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Excel 2016, Office 2019, Office LTSC 2021/2024 (Windows and Mac), and Office Online Server. Attack requires no authentication (PR:N) but demands user interaction (opening a weaponized document). CVSS 7.8 (High) reflects significant impact potential (code execution with high confidentiali
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft Excel across Office 2016-2024 and Microsoft 365 enables local code execution when a user opens a malicious spreadsheet. Attackers must craft a weaponized Excel file and trick users into opening it, after which arbitrary code runs with the victim's privileges. No authentication is required, though user interaction is necessary. Exploitation probability remains moderate (CVSS 7.8) with no confirmed active exploitation (no CISA KEV listing) and no publi
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft Office (versions 2016 through LTSC 2024, including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise) enables local code execution with no authentication or user interaction required. Attackers with local system access can execute arbitrary code with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 8.4). No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Vendor-released patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center for all affected versions.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption affects Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3 through 25H2, and Windows Server 2022/2025. Local authenticated attackers with low privileges can exploit this memory corruption flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the
Use-after-free in Microsoft Windows Speech component enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10 (versions 1809, 21H2, 22H2) and Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain full system control with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straigh
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows WalletService across Server 2016 through Server 2025 allows low-privileged authenticated attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Attack complexity is high (CVSS AC:H), requiring precise timing or race condition exploitation. Patch available per vendor advisory (MSRC). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS data not provided.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Projected File System (ProjFS) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 allows authenticated low-privileged users to gain SYSTEM-level control via use-after-free memory corruption. Attack requires local access and low-privileged credentials (CVSS PR:L) but no user interaction, enabling complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability class (use-after-free) is well-understood and commonly targeted once details emerge.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Driver affects Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025 through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the Windows CLFS driver has been a frequent target for privilege escalation exploits histor
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free memory corruption allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability enables low-privileged users to gain complete control over affected systems with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the st
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level access), though the high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests exploitation requires precise timing or race condition manipulation. No public exp
Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host privilege escalation allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Vendor-released patches available. Attack requires low complexity with no user interaction (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the primitive nature of use-after-free v
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Search Component affects Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2012-2025) via use-after-free memory corruption (CWE-416). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity and no user interaction required (CVSS 7.8). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privilege users to gain SYSTEM-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Vendor-released patches available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though high-complexity local exploitation (CVSS AC:H)
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high
Local code execution in Microsoft Office Word via use-after-free memory corruption affects Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise and Office LTSC 2024. Unauthenticated attackers can achieve full system compromise (confidentiality, integrity, availability) by inducing users to open specially crafted Word documents, triggering memory reuse vulnerabilities during document parsing. Vendor patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though CVSS 7.8 indicates high severity when user interaction occurs.
Infinite loop denial-of-service vulnerability in Microsoft .NET Framework (3.5 through 4.8.1), .NET 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust server resources via specially crafted network requests. The vulnerability (CWE-835) stems from unreachable loop exit conditions in core .NET processing logic, enabling complete service disruption with low attack complexity. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected product lines. No public exploit identified at
Local privilege escalation in Windows Container Isolation FS Filter Driver affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Low-complexity attack requires only low-privileged local access to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level privileges). Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and requirement for only low privileges
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft Office Word enables local code execution with high privileges when victims open malicious documents. Affects Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise and Office LTSC 2021/2024 for Windows and Mac (versions below 16.108.26041219 for Mac; click-to-run editions require latest security updates). CVSS 7.8 reflects local attack vector requiring user interaction, but exploitation grants complete system compromise (confidentiality, integrity, availability all rated High). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though use-after-free vulnerabilities are well-understood exploitation primitives. Vendor-released patch available through Microsoft security updates.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) on Windows 11 version 26H1 allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Exploitation requires local access and high attack complexity (CVSS AC:H), indicating timing-dependent or race condition triggers. Microsoft has released patch version 10.0.28000.1836 to address this vulnerability. No public exploit code or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis.
Microsoft Excel memory corruption via use-after-free enables arbitrary code execution when victims open malicious spreadsheet files. This vulnerability affects all major Office deployments including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Excel 2016, Office 2019, and Office LTSC 2021/2024 for both Windows and macOS, as well as Office Online Server. Attackers require user interaction to open a crafted file, but no authentication is needed (CVSS PR:N), making this exploitable through phishing or file-sharing attacks. Vendor patches are available through Microsoft Security Response Center. No public exploit or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis, though the straightforward attack vector (local file + user click) and high impact (code execution with full system privileges) warrant prompt patching.
Local privilege escalation in Windows User Interface Core across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2019-2025 allows low-privileged authenticated attackers to achieve SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability requires high attack complexity and local access but enables container escape (scope change) with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the use-after-free primitive is a well-understood exploitation technique.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Remote Desktop Client for Windows allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by delivering a malicious connection file or server response, requiring user interaction. This use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), Windows Server (2012-2025), and standalone Remote Desktop client versions below 2.0.1070.0. With CVSS 8.8 (network-accessible, no authentication required, low comple
Local code execution in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve high-impact compromise via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability affects Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 22H3 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (including Server Core installations). Despite requiring local access and high attack complexity (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H), the
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Desktop Window Manager (dwm.exe) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 weakness to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity, requiring no user interaction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC framework assesses exploitation status as 'none' with non-automatable attack r
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free vulnerability enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 11 and Server 2022/2025. Low-complexity attack requires only low-privileged authenticated access with no user interaction, affecting all current Windows 11 versions (22H2 through 26H1) and Server editions. Vendor-released patches available as of May 2026. CVSS 7.8 (High) reflects significant local privilege escalation risk; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the
Local privilege escalation in Windows Speech Brokered API allows authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. All supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2016-2025) are affected. Microsoft released patches in their April 2026 security update cycle. EPSS score of 0.04% (12th percentile) indicates low exploitation likelihood in the wild, and no active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve system-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and authentication requirement (PR:L) limit immedi
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012-2025. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain SYSTEM-level access, though high attack complexity suggests reliable exploitation requires sophisticated techniques. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No publi
Remote denial-of-service in Windows Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) allows unauthenticated network attackers to crash Windows systems through null pointer dereference exploitation. Affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2016-2025) across multiple release channels. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and unauthenticated netwo
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) in Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3/23H2, and Windows Server 2022 allows authenticated local attackers with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patch available. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data not provided. This is a post-authentication escalation requiring initial local foothold, not a remote intrusion vector.
Local privilege escalation in Windows WFP NDIS Lightweight Filter Driver (wfplwfs.sys) across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 R2-2025 allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Microsoft released patches addressing versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. CVSS 7.0 rating reflects high attack complexity; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS data not prov
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). Vendor-released patches are available across all affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server product lines. No public exploit code
Use-after-free in Windows TDI Translation Driver (tdx.sys) allows local privilege escalation to SYSTEM by authenticated low-privileged users on Windows 10/11 and Server 2012-2025. Microsoft has released security updates addressing this CWE-416 memory corruption flaw across all supported Windows versions. CVSS 7.0 reflects high attack complexity but full system compromise if successfully exploited. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability's local attack vector an
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Brokering File System on Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 allows authenticated users with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability affects all actively supported Windows 11 versions (22H3 through 26H1) and recent Windows Server editions. Exploitation requires local access and low-level user privileges (PR:L) but has low attack complexity (AC:L), enabling reliable exploitation once local access is obtained. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the use-after-free weakness class is well-understood by attackers.
Windows Shell use-after-free memory corruption enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 11 (all versions 22H3 through 26H1) and Windows Server 2022/2025. Authenticated low-privileged users can exploit freed memory references in Shell components despite high attack complexity requirements. Vendor-released patches address all affected versions. EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability class (CWE-416) is well-understood and commonly weaponized in Windows privilege escalation chains.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe InDesign Desktop versions 20.5.2, 21.2 and earlier allows unauthenticated attackers to execute malicious code with current user privileges through maliciously crafted files. The use-after-free vulnerability requires user interaction (opening a weaponized InDesign file) but offers high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. EPSS data not provided; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Exploitation likelihood increased by low attack complexity (CVSS AC:L) requiring only basic social engineering to deliver malicious files.
Soundness violation in SP1 V6 recursive proof verifier enables malicious provers to construct recursive proofs from invalid shard proofs that native verifiers would reject. The vulnerability affects SP1 zkVM versions 6.0.0 through 6.0.2 (Rust crates sp1_sdk, sp1_recursion_circuit, sp1_prover) and allows forgery of zero-knowledge proofs by exploiting missing consistency checks between commitment-side and evaluation-side trace shape witnesses in the jagged PCS verifier circuit. This permits misrepresentation of circuit structure itself, not just data, undermining the fundamental soundness guarantees of the proof system. No public exploit exists at time of analysis, though the vulnerability was identified through SP1's bug bounty program on Code4rena. CVSS 8.9 reflects high integrity impact to both vulnerable and subsequent system components.
Stack exhaustion in ImageMagick's XML tree parser allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger denial-of-service conditions by submitting specially crafted XML files with deeply nested structures. Affects all versions below 6.9.13-44 and 7.1.2-19 across multiple platforms including the Magick.NET wrapper. EPSS score of 0.04% (12th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, though the network-accessible attack vector (AV:N) and lack of authentication requirements (PR:N) present theoretical risk for internet-facing deployments processing untrusted XML input.
Unbounded GZIP decompression in Pillow's FITS image parser enables remote denial-of-service via crafted image files. Pillow versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.x process FITS images without limiting decompression output, allowing attackers to trigger out-of-memory crashes or severe performance degradation through maliciously compressed images. Vendor-released patch available in Pillow 12.2.0. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), but the attack vector is trivial for any application accept
Shell command injection in NSA Emissary's Executrix.getCommand() allows authenticated users with place configuration authorship to achieve arbitrary OS command execution when any payload is processed. The framework constructs /bin/sh -c commands by directly substituting IN_FILE_ENDING and OUT_FILE_ENDING configuration values into temporary file paths without escaping or validation, despite implementing input sanitization for similar parameters (placeName). Vendor-released patch available (commit 1faf33f). CVSS 8.8 (high) reflects local attack vector requiring low privileges, but scope change to C indicates container/JVM breakout potential. No CISA KEV listing or public exploit identified at time of analysis, though detailed proof-of-concept exists in advisory including Docker-based reproduction and unit test.
Use-after-free in Linux kernel bonding driver allows local authenticated attackers with low privileges to trigger memory corruption via race condition during concurrent slave device operations. The vulnerability (CVSS 7.8, EPSS 0.02%) affects the bond_xmit_broadcast() function where concurrent slave enslave/release operations can mutate the slave list during RCU-protected iteration, causing the original skb to be double-consumed and double-freed. Vendor patches are available for kernel versions 6.18.22, 6.19.12, and 7.0. No public exploit or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis.
Resource deallocation flaw in FFmpeg 8.0.1's zmqsend.c utility enables remote denial of service through crafted input files. Attackers can trigger improper cleanup of allocated resources without authentication (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), exhausting system resources. EPSS score of 0.04% (11th percentile) indicates low real-world exploitation probability, and no active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV). The vulnerability affects a non-core utility component used for ZeroMQ message sending, limiting practical attack surface compared to main FFmpeg libraries.
Heap buffer overflow in FFmpeg 8.0.1's av_bprint_finalize() function enables remote denial-of-service attacks through maliciously crafted media files. Exploitation requires no authentication (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), making this accessible to any network-based attacker who can deliver manipulated input to vulnerable FFmpeg instances. EPSS score of 0.04% (12th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis. While CVSS rates this 7.5 HIGH due to availability impact, real-world risk is primarily limited to public-facing media processing services.
Out-of-bounds read in FFmpeg 8.0.1's AV1 decoder allows remote denial-of-service via malicious video files. Attackers craft inputs targeting read_global_param() in libavcodec/av1dec.c to trigger memory access violations, crashing the decoder. Affects applications processing untrusted AV1 video content (media servers, transcoders, browsers with FFmpeg). CVSS 7.5 (High) reflects network-exploitable DoS; EPSS 0.04% indicates low observed exploitation probability. No active exploitation confirmed (n
Totara LMS versions up to 19.1.5 allow unauthenticated remote attackers to conduct email bombing attacks by abusing the forgot password API endpoint, which lacks rate limiting on target email addresses. With a CVSS score of 9.8, the vulnerability enables complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Despite the critical score, EPSS estimates only 0.02% exploitation probability (5th percentile), and no active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV). A public proof-of-concept exists on GitHub, demonstrating the abuse technique.
Authenticated teachers in Chamilo LMS can delete arbitrary student grades platform-wide through Insecure Direct Object Reference in gradebook result views. By manipulating delete_mark or resultdelete GET parameters, attackers bypass course-scope and ownership controls, enabling unauthorized grade deletion across all courses. Versions prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3 lack server-side validation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.1 (High) reflects authenticated access requirement with high integrity impact and low availability impact.
Request body size limit bypass in SvelteKit adapter-node allows unauthenticated attackers to submit oversized payloads, causing denial of service through resource exhaustion. Affects SvelteKit versions prior to 2.57.1 running adapter-node. Exploitation requires specific timing conditions (CVSS AT:P). Platform-level and WAF body size limits remain effective. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Vulnerability exploits CWE-770 resource allocation flaw where BODY_SIZE_LIMIT enforcement fails under race conditions or specific request patterns.
NASM up to version 3.02rc5 contains a heap use-after-free vulnerability in response file (-@) processing that allows remote attackers without authentication to cause data corruption or denial of service. The vulnerability arises from a dangling pointer stored in the global depend_file variable that is dereferenced after the response-file buffer has been freed. A proof-of-concept exploit exists, and CISA's SSVC framework rates this as automatable with partial technical impact, indicating moderate real-world risk despite the relatively modest CVSS score of 6.5.
Out-of-memory denial of service in Apache ActiveMQ allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust broker memory via rapid TLSv1.3 KeyUpdate requests. Affects ActiveMQ Client, Broker, and All distributions versions <5.19.4 and 6.0.0-6.2.3 when NIO SSL transports are used. Vulnerability arises from improper handling of TLSv1.3 handshake KeyUpdate messages, enabling clients to trigger unbounded memory allocation in the SSL engine. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) indicates network-accessible, low-complexity attack requiring no authentication.
Authenticated arbitrary file overwrite in Perfmatters WordPress plugin ≤2.5.9 allows low-privileged attackers (Subscriber-level and above) to corrupt critical server files via path traversal. The PMCS::action_handler() method processes bulk activate/deactivate actions without authorization checks or nonce verification, passing unsanitized $_GET['snippets'][] values through Snippet::activate()/deactivate() to file_put_contents(). Attackers can overwrite files like .htaccess or index.php with fixed PHP docblock content, causing denial of service. Exploitation requires authenticated access with minimal privileges. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
BGP session reset vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS 25.2 and Junos OS Evolved 25.2-EVO allows adjacent unauthenticated attackers to trigger Denial of Service by sending malformed BGP packets within established sessions. Affects both eBGP and iBGP implementations across IPv4 and IPv6. Repeated exploitation enables sustained service disruption. Vulnerability confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV). No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Adjacent network access required; attacker must be on same network segment as BGP peering.
Denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash srxpfe process via malformed ICMPv6 packets during NAT64 translation. Repeated exploitation sustains DoS by forcing continuous process restarts. Affects wide range of Junos OS versions from 21.2 through 25.2 on SRX hardware. Vulnerability limited to ICMPv6 traffic; IPv4 and standard IPv6 cannot trigger. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Complete persistent denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved on PTX Series routers allows authenticated, low-privilege network attackers to crash the evo-aftmand service with no automatic recovery. The vulnerability triggers when PCEP-provisioned colored SRTE policy tunnels with 32-bit ASN values (greater than 65,535) in the Originator ASN field are monitored via gRPC, causing permanent forwarding plane failure until manual system restart. Affects multiple versions through 25.2 release train. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Packet buffer allocation failure in Juniper EX4000 and QFX5000 Series switches allows adjacent unauthenticated attackers to cause persistent Denial of Service requiring manual device restart. Attack vector requires specific configuration: device configured as service-provider edge with L2PT enabled on UNI and VSTP enabled on NNI in VXLAN scenarios. Receiving VSTP BPDUs on UNI triggers buffer exhaustion, halting all traffic forwarding. Affects Junos OS 24.4 through 24.4R1, 25.2 through 25.2R1. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Remote denial-of-service in Juniper Networks Junos OS (SRX/MX Series) allows unauthenticated attackers to crash IPsec daemons via malformed ISAKMP packets. Exploiting the improper input validation (CWE-1286) in kmd/iked IPsec library causes process restart, preventing new VPN security association establishment. Repeated attacks create sustained inability to establish VPN connections, severely degrading network connectivity for affected enterprise firewalls and routing platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory exhaustion in Juniper Networks Junos OS BroadBand Edge subscriber management daemon (bbe-smgd) on MX Series allows adjacent unauthenticated attackers to trigger persistent denial of service by sending authentication packets that do not match configured packet-type options. Each mismatched packet leaks memory, eventually consuming all available daemon heap memory and preventing new subscriber logins. Authentication packet-type configuration must be active for exploitation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory leak in Juniper Networks Junos OS jdhcpd daemon enables adjacent unauthenticated attackers to crash DHCP services on MX Series routers. Each DHCPv6 subscriber logout in PPPoE or VLAN configurations with active/bulk lease query leaks memory, eventually exhausting resources and triggering jdhcpd crash. Service remains unavailable until process restart completes. Affects all Junos OS versions before 22.4R3-S1, 23.2 versions before 23.2R2, and 23.4 versions before 23.4R2. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory leak in Juniper Networks l2ald daemon allows adjacent attackers to crash Layer 2 services on EVPN-MPLS networks. Affects Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved across multiple versions. Unauthenticated attackers on the same network segment can trigger resource exhaustion by causing ESI route churn from multi-homed Provider Edge devices, forcing l2ald process crash and restart. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but exploitation requires only network adjacency without authentication.
Unauthenticated resource exhaustion in PraisonAI versions prior to 4.5.128 allows remote attackers to drain OpenAI API credits and exhaust server resources. The /media-stream WebSocket endpoint in the call module accepts connections without authentication or Twilio signature validation, enabling unlimited concurrent sessions to OpenAI's Realtime API using the server's credentials. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Affects PraisonAI deployments exposing the call module's WebSocket interface.
Remote unauthenticated attackers can crash GnuTLS servers by sending malformed TLS handshake messages containing invalid Pre-Shared Key binder values, triggering a NULL pointer dereference. Red Hat Enterprise Linux versions 6-10, OpenShift Container Platform 4, and Red Hat Hardened Images are affected. Vendor patches are available. EPSS score of 0.08% (24th percentile) suggests low current exploitation probability despite network-accessible attack vector. SSVC framework classifies this as automatable with partial technical impact but no known exploitation, making this a medium-priority patching target focused on preventing service disruption rather than data breach.
Memory exhaustion in Orthanc DICOM Server versions ≤1.12.10 allows remote attackers to trigger denial of service by uploading specially crafted ZIP archives with forged uncompressed size metadata. The server allocates excessive memory buffers based on untrusted size fields during automatic extraction, enabling resource exhaustion attacks without authentication (CVSS:3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N). EPSS probability of 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates low likelihood of imminent exploitation, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory exhaustion in Orthanc DICOM Server ≤1.12.10 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger denial-of-service via gzip decompression bombs in HTTP requests. Attackers send maliciously crafted gzip-compressed payloads with inflated decompression metadata, forcing the server to allocate unbounded memory and crash. EPSS score of 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and no public exploit code identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.5 reflects network-reachable, low-complexity attack requiring no authentication, but impact limited to availability only.
Memory exhaustion in Orthanc DICOM Server versions up to 1.12.10 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash the service by sending HTTP requests with excessively large Content-Length header values. The server allocates memory based on the header without validation, enabling denial-of-service without transmitting actual payload data. EPSS score of 0.02% (6th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, and no active exploitation or public POC has been identified at time of analysis.
Denial of service in GitLab CE/EE versions 12.10 through 18.8.8, 18.9 through 18.9.4, and 18.10 through 18.10.2 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash GitLab services via malformed JSON payloads. Improper input validation (CWE-1284) enables resource exhaustion attacks without authentication. CVSS 7.5 (High) reflects network-accessible attack with low complexity requiring no user interaction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS data unavailable; not listed in CISA KEV.
Unbounded zlib decompression in dfir-unfurl versions through 20250810 enables unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust server memory via crafted compressed payloads submitted to the /json/visjs endpoint. Attackers can submit highly compressed data that expands to gigabytes when decompressed, crashing the service through resource exhaustion. The vulnerability affects the parse_compressed.py module and requires no authentication. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap corruption via malicious Chrome extension exploits use-after-free flaw in V8 JavaScript engine, affecting Chrome versions prior to 147.0.7727.55. Attacker must convince user to install a crafted extension to achieve potential remote code execution with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. EPSS score of 0.01% (1st percentile) indicates minimal observed exploitation activity; no CISA KEV listing or public exploit code identified at time of analysis. Despite high CVSS 8.8
Sandboxed remote code execution in Google Chrome desktop before 147.0.7727.55 stems from a use-after-free in the Media component, letting a remote attacker who lures a victim to a crafted HTML page execute arbitrary code within the renderer sandbox. Rated 8.8 (High) by CVSS despite Chromium's internal 'Medium' severity, it was reported internally by the Chrome team and is patched, but shows no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS of just 0.04% (11th percentile), consistent with the SSVC 'Exploitation: none' determination.
Remote code execution within Chrome's sandbox affects all versions prior to 147.0.7727.55 through a use-after-free vulnerability in the browser's navigation component. Remote attackers can execute arbitrary code by delivering a specially crafted HTML page that triggers memory corruption when a user visits the malicious site. EPSS probability of 0.04% indicates low observed exploitation activity, and no CISA KEV listing confirms this is not confirmed actively exploited at time of analysis. Google has released patches in Chrome 147.0.7727.55.
Sandbox escape via use after free in Google Chrome's Viz component prior to 147.0.7727.101. Exploitation requires a prior compromise of the renderer process and user interaction with a crafted HTML page. No active exploitation reported; EPSS indicates a very low probability of exploitation (0.02%).
Sandbox escape via a use-after-free in Google Chrome's Graphite component allows a remote attacker with an already compromised renderer process to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox. The vulnerability affects Chrome versions before 147.0.7727.101 and requires high attack complexity along with user interaction to trigger. No public exploit or active exploitation is known, and the EPSS score is very low (0.
Arbitrary code execution within Google Chrome's sandbox affects all versions prior to 147.0.7727.101 through a use-after-free vulnerability in the codec processing components. Remote attackers can exploit this by tricking users into visiting a malicious webpage, achieving high-severity compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the sandboxed renderer process. Google has released version 147.0.7727.101 as a stable channel update to address this flaw. No evidence of active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis, though the simplicity of the attack vector (network-based, low complexity, requiring only user interaction) warrants prioritized patching.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome's Video component prior to version 147.0.7727.101 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code within the browser's sandbox by serving a crafted HTML page. No active exploitation or public proof-of-concept has been identified; EPSS estimates a very low probability (0.03%) of exploitation in the wild.
Use-after-free in CSS in Google Chrome prior to 147.0.7727.101 enables a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the Chrome sandbox via a crafted HTML page. No public exploit code or active exploitation is currently known, and EPSS predicts extremely low exploitation probability (0.03%).
Out-of-bounds memory access in Google Chrome 147 on Windows prior to
Remote code execution in Google Chrome on Android versions prior to 147.0.7727.101 allows a remote attacker to compromise the browser. A use-after-free vulnerability in the XR component can be triggered via a crafted HTML page, enabling out-of-bounds memory read and potentially full system compromise. While the CVSS score is 8.8, the EPSS probability is low (0.07%) and no active exploitation has been observed, though exploitation only requires user interaction.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome’s Prerender feature allows attackers to execute arbitrary code on a victim's system by convincing them to visit a malicious webpage. This critical-severity vulnerability affects Chrome versions prior to 147.0.7727.101 and is rated CVSS 8.8, but has a very low EPSS exploitation likelihood and no known active exploitation.
Sandbox escape via use-after-free in Google Chrome's Proxy component allows network‑positioned attackers to execute arbitrary code outside the browser sandbox. Affected are Chrome versions prior to 147.0.7727.101. No active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution and privilege escalation in Cisco Identity Services Engine allows authenticated attackers with Read Only Admin privileges to execute arbitrary operating system commands via crafted HTTP requests, resulting in full root access. The vulnerability, rated 9.9 (Critical), impacts multiple ISE versions; in single-node deployments, the affected device may become unavailable, causing denial of service. No active exploitation (KEV) or public exploit code has been identified, and the EPSS score of 0.21% indicates low likelihood of widespread attacks.
Command injection in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) lets an authenticated remote attacker holding only Read-Only Admin credentials run arbitrary OS commands and escalate to root by sending a crafted HTTP request. The flaw stems from insufficient validation of user-supplied input (CWE-77); on single-node deployments a successful exploit can also crash the node, blocking network authentication for not-yet-authenticated endpoints. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS is low (0.23%), and CISA SSVC records no known exploitation, though the technical impact is rated total.
Command injection in Cisco Identity Services Engine (ISE) and ISE Passive Identity Connector (PIC) allows authenticated administrative attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands, achieving user-level access and privilege escalation to root. In single-node deployments, exploitation can cause a denial of service, disrupting network access for unauthenticated endpoints. No active exploitation has been observed and the low EPSS score suggests lower immediate risk.
Pre-authentication resource exhaustion in Bouncy Castle BC-JAVA PGP modules (bcpg) allows remote attackers to trigger denial-of-service by exploiting unbounded AEAD chunk sizes, affecting all versions before 1.84. The maximum CVSS 4.0 score of 10.0 reflects complete compromise potential across confidentiality, integrity, and availability with no attack complexity, no authentication requirements, and network-based exploitation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the attack s
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe FrameMaker 2022.8 and earlier allows local attackers to execute malicious code with current user privileges by tricking victims into opening specially crafted files. This use-after-free memory corruption vulnerability requires no authentication but depends on user interaction. No confirmed active exploitation (not in CISA KEV) or public proof-of-concept identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and user interaction requirement reduce immediate remote threat surface compared to network-accessible vulnerabilities.
Denial of service vulnerability in Go Markdown's SmartypantsRenderer leads to a panic or out-of-bounds read when processing malformed input containing an unmatched '<' character. Unauthenticated remote attackers can crash services using the library by supplying crafted Markdown content, causing service disruption. A public proof-of-concept exists, but exploitation probability is low (EPSS 0.04%) and no active exploitation has
Memory corruption in Microsoft Office Word enables local code execution through a use-after-free flaw affecting Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise and Office LTSC 2021/2024 for Windows and Mac. Despite the local attack vector (AV:L), the vulnerability requires no privileges (PR:N) or user interaction (UI:N), allowing unauthorized attackers to execute arbitrary code with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 8.4). Vendor-released patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center as of April 2026. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the technical simplicity (AC:L) and memory corruption primitive increase weaponization risk.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Print Spooler Components allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve complete system compromise (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption vulnerability. Affects Windows 11 versions 24H2, 25H2, 26H1, Windows Server 2022 23H2 Edition, and Windows Server 2025. CVSS score 7.8 reflects local attack vector with low complexity and no user interaction required. No public exploit or CISA KEV status identified at time of analysis, though use-after-free vulnerabilities in Print Spooler have historically been attractive exploitation targets.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. The CWE-416 use-after-free memory corruption flaw allows low-privileged authenticated attackers with local access to elevate to SYSTEM privileges, achieving complete control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. SSVC framework rates this as non-automatable with total technical impact. No public exploit
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges across all supported Windows versions. Microsoft has released patches for Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (versions 22H3-25H2), and Windows Server (2012-2022 23H2). The vulnerability requires local access and low privileges (PR:L) with high attack complexity (AC:H), but no public exploit
Denial-of-service condition in Microsoft .NET Framework 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust system resources through network-based uncontrolled resource consumption. Affects .NET 8.0 versions prior to 8.0.26, .NET 9.0 versions prior to 9.0.15, and .NET 10.0 versions prior to 10.0.6. Microsoft has released patches addressing CWE-400 resource exhaustion. No evidence of active exploitation (not listed in CISA KEV) at time of analysis, though the network-accessible, unauthenticated attack vector and low complexity (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) present significant availability risk for internet-facing .NET applications.
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft PowerPoint (versions 2016, 2019, LTSC 2021, LTSC 2024, and Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise) enables local code execution when users open malicious files. An attacker with no privileges can achieve full system compromise (high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact) by convincing a user to open a crafted PowerPoint document. Vendor patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center. No public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation (CISA KEV) identified at time of analysis, though CVSS 7.8 rating reflects high severity for local attack scenarios.
Microsoft Excel use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) enables arbitrary code execution when a user opens a specially crafted Excel file. Affects Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Excel 2016, Office 2019, Office LTSC 2021/2024 (Windows and Mac), and Office Online Server. CVSS 7.8 (High) requires local access and user interaction but no authentication. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Microsoft released patches addressing all affected product lines per MSRC update guide.
Use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Office Excel enables local code execution when users open maliciously crafted Excel files. Affects all major Office versions including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Excel 2016, Office 2019, Office LTSC 2021/2024 (Windows and Mac), and Office Online Server. Attack requires no authentication (PR:N) but demands user interaction (opening a weaponized document). CVSS 7.8 (High) reflects significant impact potential (code execution with high confidentiali
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft Excel across Office 2016-2024 and Microsoft 365 enables local code execution when a user opens a malicious spreadsheet. Attackers must craft a weaponized Excel file and trick users into opening it, after which arbitrary code runs with the victim's privileges. No authentication is required, though user interaction is necessary. Exploitation probability remains moderate (CVSS 7.8) with no confirmed active exploitation (no CISA KEV listing) and no publi
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft Office (versions 2016 through LTSC 2024, including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise) enables local code execution with no authentication or user interaction required. Attackers with local system access can execute arbitrary code with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 8.4). No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Vendor-released patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center for all affected versions.
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption affects Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3 through 25H2, and Windows Server 2022/2025. Local authenticated attackers with low privileges can exploit this memory corruption flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the
Use-after-free in Microsoft Windows Speech component enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 10 (versions 1809, 21H2, 22H2) and Windows 11 (versions 22H3 through 26H1). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain full system control with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the straigh
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows WalletService across Server 2016 through Server 2025 allows low-privileged authenticated attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access by exploiting a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Attack complexity is high (CVSS AC:H), requiring precise timing or race condition exploitation. Patch available per vendor advisory (MSRC). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, EPSS data not provided.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Projected File System (ProjFS) across Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2019-2025 allows authenticated low-privileged users to gain SYSTEM-level control via use-after-free memory corruption. Attack requires local access and low-privileged credentials (CVSS PR:L) but no user interaction, enabling complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability class (use-after-free) is well-understood and commonly targeted once details emerge.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) Driver affects Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012-2025 through a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability. While no public exploit identified at time of analysis, the Windows CLFS driver has been a frequent target for privilege escalation exploits histor
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free memory corruption allows authenticated local attackers to escalate privileges to SYSTEM on all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2012-2025). The vulnerability enables low-privileged users to gain complete control over affected systems with low attack complexity and no user interaction required. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the st
Local privilege escalation in the Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025 via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level access), though the high attack complexity (AC:H) suggests exploitation requires precise timing or race condition manipulation. No public exp
Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host privilege escalation allows authenticated local attackers to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2025. Vendor-released patches available. Attack requires low complexity with no user interaction (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the primitive nature of use-after-free v
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Windows Search Component affects Windows 10 (1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2012-2025) via use-after-free memory corruption (CWE-416). Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity and no user interaction required (CVSS 7.8). Vendor-released patches available for all affected versions; no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) allows authenticated low-privilege users to gain SYSTEM-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations. Vendor-released patches available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though high-complexity local exploitation (CVSS AC:H)
Local privilege escalation in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock affects all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 vulnerability to gain SYSTEM-level access, achieving high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the high
Local code execution in Microsoft Office Word via use-after-free memory corruption affects Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise and Office LTSC 2024. Unauthenticated attackers can achieve full system compromise (confidentiality, integrity, availability) by inducing users to open specially crafted Word documents, triggering memory reuse vulnerabilities during document parsing. Vendor patch available via Microsoft Security Response Center. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though CVSS 7.8 indicates high severity when user interaction occurs.
Infinite loop denial-of-service vulnerability in Microsoft .NET Framework (3.5 through 4.8.1), .NET 8.0, 9.0, and 10.0 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust server resources via specially crafted network requests. The vulnerability (CWE-835) stems from unreachable loop exit conditions in core .NET processing logic, enabling complete service disruption with low attack complexity. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected product lines. No public exploit identified at
Local privilege escalation in Windows Container Isolation FS Filter Driver affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions through use-after-free memory corruption. Low-complexity attack requires only low-privileged local access to achieve full system compromise (SYSTEM-level privileges). Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and requirement for only low privileges
Use-after-free memory corruption in Microsoft Office Word enables local code execution with high privileges when victims open malicious documents. Affects Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise and Office LTSC 2021/2024 for Windows and Mac (versions below 16.108.26041219 for Mac; click-to-run editions require latest security updates). CVSS 7.8 reflects local attack vector requiring user interaction, but exploitation grants complete system compromise (confidentiality, integrity, availability all rated High). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though use-after-free vulnerabilities are well-understood exploitation primitives. Vendor-released patch available through Microsoft security updates.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Server Update Service (WSUS) on Windows 11 version 26H1 allows low-privileged authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Exploitation requires local access and high attack complexity (CVSS AC:H), indicating timing-dependent or race condition triggers. Microsoft has released patch version 10.0.28000.1836 to address this vulnerability. No public exploit code or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis.
Microsoft Excel memory corruption via use-after-free enables arbitrary code execution when victims open malicious spreadsheet files. This vulnerability affects all major Office deployments including Microsoft 365 Apps for Enterprise, Excel 2016, Office 2019, and Office LTSC 2021/2024 for both Windows and macOS, as well as Office Online Server. Attackers require user interaction to open a crafted file, but no authentication is needed (CVSS PR:N), making this exploitable through phishing or file-sharing attacks. Vendor patches are available through Microsoft Security Response Center. No public exploit or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis, though the straightforward attack vector (local file + user click) and high impact (code execution with full system privileges) warrant prompt patching.
Local privilege escalation in Windows User Interface Core across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2019-2025 allows low-privileged authenticated attackers to achieve SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability requires high attack complexity and local access but enables container escape (scope change) with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. Vendor-released patches are available for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the use-after-free primitive is a well-understood exploitation technique.
Remote code execution in Microsoft Remote Desktop Client for Windows allows unauthenticated network attackers to execute arbitrary code by delivering a malicious connection file or server response, requiring user interaction. This use-after-free vulnerability (CWE-416) affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), Windows Server (2012-2025), and standalone Remote Desktop client versions below 2.0.1070.0. With CVSS 8.8 (network-accessible, no authentication required, low comple
Local code execution in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host across all supported Windows 10, 11, and Server versions allows unauthenticated attackers to achieve high-impact compromise via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability affects Windows 10 versions 1607 through 22H2, Windows 11 versions 22H3 through 26H1, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 (including Server Core installations). Despite requiring local access and high attack complexity (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H), the
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Desktop Window Manager (dwm.exe) affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 weakness to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity, requiring no user interaction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and SSVC framework assesses exploitation status as 'none' with non-automatable attack r
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) use-after-free vulnerability enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 11 and Server 2022/2025. Low-complexity attack requires only low-privileged authenticated access with no user interaction, affecting all current Windows 11 versions (22H2 through 26H1) and Server editions. Vendor-released patches available as of May 2026. CVSS 7.8 (High) reflects significant local privilege escalation risk; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the
Local privilege escalation in Windows Speech Brokered API allows authenticated users to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. All supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions (2016-2025) are affected. Microsoft released patches in their April 2026 security update cycle. EPSS score of 0.04% (12th percentile) indicates low exploitation likelihood in the wild, and no active exploitation or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Local privilege escalation in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to achieve system-level access through use-after-free memory corruption. Affects all supported Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server versions from 2012 through 2025. Microsoft has released patches across all affected product lines. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the local attack vector and authentication requirement (PR:L) limit immedi
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free in Windows Ancillary Function Driver for WinSock (AFD.sys) affects all supported Windows versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Windows Server 2012-2025. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit memory corruption to gain SYSTEM-level access, though high attack complexity suggests reliable exploitation requires sophisticated techniques. Vendor-released patches are available across all affected versions. No publi
Remote denial-of-service in Windows Local Security Authority Subsystem Service (LSASS) allows unauthenticated network attackers to crash Windows systems through null pointer dereference exploitation. Affects Windows 10 (versions 1607-22H2), Windows 11 (22H3-26H1), and Windows Server (2016-2025) across multiple release channels. Microsoft has released patches for all affected versions. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the low attack complexity (AC:L) and unauthenticated netwo
Desktop Window Manager (DWM) in Windows 10 21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H3/23H2, and Windows Server 2022 allows authenticated local attackers with low privileges to elevate to SYSTEM via a use-after-free memory corruption flaw. CVSS 7.8 (High). Vendor-released patch available. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though EPSS data not provided. This is a post-authentication escalation requiring initial local foothold, not a remote intrusion vector.
Local privilege escalation in Windows WFP NDIS Lightweight Filter Driver (wfplwfs.sys) across Windows 10, 11, and Server 2012 R2-2025 allows authenticated attackers with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. Microsoft released patches addressing versions from Windows 10 1607 through Windows 11 26H1 and Server 2012 R2 through Server 2025. CVSS 7.0 rating reflects high attack complexity; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS data not prov
Local privilege escalation via use-after-free memory corruption in Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Device Host affects all supported Windows versions from Server 2012 through Windows 11 26H1. Authenticated local attackers with low privileges can exploit this CWE-416 flaw to gain SYSTEM-level access with low attack complexity (CVSS:3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L). Vendor-released patches are available across all affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server product lines. No public exploit code
Use-after-free in Windows TDI Translation Driver (tdx.sys) allows local privilege escalation to SYSTEM by authenticated low-privileged users on Windows 10/11 and Server 2012-2025. Microsoft has released security updates addressing this CWE-416 memory corruption flaw across all supported Windows versions. CVSS 7.0 reflects high attack complexity but full system compromise if successfully exploited. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability's local attack vector an
Local privilege escalation in Microsoft Brokering File System on Windows 11 and Windows Server 2022/2025 allows authenticated users with low privileges to gain SYSTEM-level access via use-after-free memory corruption. The vulnerability affects all actively supported Windows 11 versions (22H3 through 26H1) and recent Windows Server editions. Exploitation requires local access and low-level user privileges (PR:L) but has low attack complexity (AC:L), enabling reliable exploitation once local access is obtained. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the use-after-free weakness class is well-understood by attackers.
Windows Shell use-after-free memory corruption enables local privilege escalation to SYSTEM on Windows 11 (all versions 22H3 through 26H1) and Windows Server 2022/2025. Authenticated low-privileged users can exploit freed memory references in Shell components despite high attack complexity requirements. Vendor-released patches address all affected versions. EPSS data not available; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, though the vulnerability class (CWE-416) is well-understood and commonly weaponized in Windows privilege escalation chains.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe InDesign Desktop versions 20.5.2, 21.2 and earlier allows unauthenticated attackers to execute malicious code with current user privileges through maliciously crafted files. The use-after-free vulnerability requires user interaction (opening a weaponized InDesign file) but offers high impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability. EPSS data not provided; no public exploit identified at time of analysis. Exploitation likelihood increased by low attack complexity (CVSS AC:L) requiring only basic social engineering to deliver malicious files.
Soundness violation in SP1 V6 recursive proof verifier enables malicious provers to construct recursive proofs from invalid shard proofs that native verifiers would reject. The vulnerability affects SP1 zkVM versions 6.0.0 through 6.0.2 (Rust crates sp1_sdk, sp1_recursion_circuit, sp1_prover) and allows forgery of zero-knowledge proofs by exploiting missing consistency checks between commitment-side and evaluation-side trace shape witnesses in the jagged PCS verifier circuit. This permits misrepresentation of circuit structure itself, not just data, undermining the fundamental soundness guarantees of the proof system. No public exploit exists at time of analysis, though the vulnerability was identified through SP1's bug bounty program on Code4rena. CVSS 8.9 reflects high integrity impact to both vulnerable and subsequent system components.
Stack exhaustion in ImageMagick's XML tree parser allows remote unauthenticated attackers to trigger denial-of-service conditions by submitting specially crafted XML files with deeply nested structures. Affects all versions below 6.9.13-44 and 7.1.2-19 across multiple platforms including the Magick.NET wrapper. EPSS score of 0.04% (12th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, though the network-accessible attack vector (AV:N) and lack of authentication requirements (PR:N) present theoretical risk for internet-facing deployments processing untrusted XML input.
Unbounded GZIP decompression in Pillow's FITS image parser enables remote denial-of-service via crafted image files. Pillow versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.x process FITS images without limiting decompression output, allowing attackers to trigger out-of-memory crashes or severe performance degradation through maliciously compressed images. Vendor-released patch available in Pillow 12.2.0. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), but the attack vector is trivial for any application accept
Shell command injection in NSA Emissary's Executrix.getCommand() allows authenticated users with place configuration authorship to achieve arbitrary OS command execution when any payload is processed. The framework constructs /bin/sh -c commands by directly substituting IN_FILE_ENDING and OUT_FILE_ENDING configuration values into temporary file paths without escaping or validation, despite implementing input sanitization for similar parameters (placeName). Vendor-released patch available (commit 1faf33f). CVSS 8.8 (high) reflects local attack vector requiring low privileges, but scope change to C indicates container/JVM breakout potential. No CISA KEV listing or public exploit identified at time of analysis, though detailed proof-of-concept exists in advisory including Docker-based reproduction and unit test.
Use-after-free in Linux kernel bonding driver allows local authenticated attackers with low privileges to trigger memory corruption via race condition during concurrent slave device operations. The vulnerability (CVSS 7.8, EPSS 0.02%) affects the bond_xmit_broadcast() function where concurrent slave enslave/release operations can mutate the slave list during RCU-protected iteration, causing the original skb to be double-consumed and double-freed. Vendor patches are available for kernel versions 6.18.22, 6.19.12, and 7.0. No public exploit or active exploitation confirmed at time of analysis.
Resource deallocation flaw in FFmpeg 8.0.1's zmqsend.c utility enables remote denial of service through crafted input files. Attackers can trigger improper cleanup of allocated resources without authentication (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), exhausting system resources. EPSS score of 0.04% (11th percentile) indicates low real-world exploitation probability, and no active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV). The vulnerability affects a non-core utility component used for ZeroMQ message sending, limiting practical attack surface compared to main FFmpeg libraries.
Heap buffer overflow in FFmpeg 8.0.1's av_bprint_finalize() function enables remote denial-of-service attacks through maliciously crafted media files. Exploitation requires no authentication (CVSS AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), making this accessible to any network-based attacker who can deliver manipulated input to vulnerable FFmpeg instances. EPSS score of 0.04% (12th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, and no public exploit code or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis. While CVSS rates this 7.5 HIGH due to availability impact, real-world risk is primarily limited to public-facing media processing services.
Out-of-bounds read in FFmpeg 8.0.1's AV1 decoder allows remote denial-of-service via malicious video files. Attackers craft inputs targeting read_global_param() in libavcodec/av1dec.c to trigger memory access violations, crashing the decoder. Affects applications processing untrusted AV1 video content (media servers, transcoders, browsers with FFmpeg). CVSS 7.5 (High) reflects network-exploitable DoS; EPSS 0.04% indicates low observed exploitation probability. No active exploitation confirmed (n
Totara LMS versions up to 19.1.5 allow unauthenticated remote attackers to conduct email bombing attacks by abusing the forgot password API endpoint, which lacks rate limiting on target email addresses. With a CVSS score of 9.8, the vulnerability enables complete compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Despite the critical score, EPSS estimates only 0.02% exploitation probability (5th percentile), and no active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV). A public proof-of-concept exists on GitHub, demonstrating the abuse technique.
Authenticated teachers in Chamilo LMS can delete arbitrary student grades platform-wide through Insecure Direct Object Reference in gradebook result views. By manipulating delete_mark or resultdelete GET parameters, attackers bypass course-scope and ownership controls, enabling unauthorized grade deletion across all courses. Versions prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3 lack server-side validation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.1 (High) reflects authenticated access requirement with high integrity impact and low availability impact.
Request body size limit bypass in SvelteKit adapter-node allows unauthenticated attackers to submit oversized payloads, causing denial of service through resource exhaustion. Affects SvelteKit versions prior to 2.57.1 running adapter-node. Exploitation requires specific timing conditions (CVSS AT:P). Platform-level and WAF body size limits remain effective. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Vulnerability exploits CWE-770 resource allocation flaw where BODY_SIZE_LIMIT enforcement fails under race conditions or specific request patterns.
NASM up to version 3.02rc5 contains a heap use-after-free vulnerability in response file (-@) processing that allows remote attackers without authentication to cause data corruption or denial of service. The vulnerability arises from a dangling pointer stored in the global depend_file variable that is dereferenced after the response-file buffer has been freed. A proof-of-concept exploit exists, and CISA's SSVC framework rates this as automatable with partial technical impact, indicating moderate real-world risk despite the relatively modest CVSS score of 6.5.
Out-of-memory denial of service in Apache ActiveMQ allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust broker memory via rapid TLSv1.3 KeyUpdate requests. Affects ActiveMQ Client, Broker, and All distributions versions <5.19.4 and 6.0.0-6.2.3 when NIO SSL transports are used. Vulnerability arises from improper handling of TLSv1.3 handshake KeyUpdate messages, enabling clients to trigger unbounded memory allocation in the SSL engine. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N) indicates network-accessible, low-complexity attack requiring no authentication.
Authenticated arbitrary file overwrite in Perfmatters WordPress plugin ≤2.5.9 allows low-privileged attackers (Subscriber-level and above) to corrupt critical server files via path traversal. The PMCS::action_handler() method processes bulk activate/deactivate actions without authorization checks or nonce verification, passing unsanitized $_GET['snippets'][] values through Snippet::activate()/deactivate() to file_put_contents(). Attackers can overwrite files like .htaccess or index.php with fixed PHP docblock content, causing denial of service. Exploitation requires authenticated access with minimal privileges. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
BGP session reset vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS 25.2 and Junos OS Evolved 25.2-EVO allows adjacent unauthenticated attackers to trigger Denial of Service by sending malformed BGP packets within established sessions. Affects both eBGP and iBGP implementations across IPv4 and IPv6. Repeated exploitation enables sustained service disruption. Vulnerability confirmed actively exploited (CISA KEV). No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Adjacent network access required; attacker must be on same network segment as BGP peering.
Denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash srxpfe process via malformed ICMPv6 packets during NAT64 translation. Repeated exploitation sustains DoS by forcing continuous process restarts. Affects wide range of Junos OS versions from 21.2 through 25.2 on SRX hardware. Vulnerability limited to ICMPv6 traffic; IPv4 and standard IPv6 cannot trigger. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Complete persistent denial of service in Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved on PTX Series routers allows authenticated, low-privilege network attackers to crash the evo-aftmand service with no automatic recovery. The vulnerability triggers when PCEP-provisioned colored SRTE policy tunnels with 32-bit ASN values (greater than 65,535) in the Originator ASN field are monitored via gRPC, causing permanent forwarding plane failure until manual system restart. Affects multiple versions through 25.2 release train. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Packet buffer allocation failure in Juniper EX4000 and QFX5000 Series switches allows adjacent unauthenticated attackers to cause persistent Denial of Service requiring manual device restart. Attack vector requires specific configuration: device configured as service-provider edge with L2PT enabled on UNI and VSTP enabled on NNI in VXLAN scenarios. Receiving VSTP BPDUs on UNI triggers buffer exhaustion, halting all traffic forwarding. Affects Junos OS 24.4 through 24.4R1, 25.2 through 25.2R1. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Remote denial-of-service in Juniper Networks Junos OS (SRX/MX Series) allows unauthenticated attackers to crash IPsec daemons via malformed ISAKMP packets. Exploiting the improper input validation (CWE-1286) in kmd/iked IPsec library causes process restart, preventing new VPN security association establishment. Repeated attacks create sustained inability to establish VPN connections, severely degrading network connectivity for affected enterprise firewalls and routing platforms. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory exhaustion in Juniper Networks Junos OS BroadBand Edge subscriber management daemon (bbe-smgd) on MX Series allows adjacent unauthenticated attackers to trigger persistent denial of service by sending authentication packets that do not match configured packet-type options. Each mismatched packet leaks memory, eventually consuming all available daemon heap memory and preventing new subscriber logins. Authentication packet-type configuration must be active for exploitation. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory leak in Juniper Networks Junos OS jdhcpd daemon enables adjacent unauthenticated attackers to crash DHCP services on MX Series routers. Each DHCPv6 subscriber logout in PPPoE or VLAN configurations with active/bulk lease query leaks memory, eventually exhausting resources and triggering jdhcpd crash. Service remains unavailable until process restart completes. Affects all Junos OS versions before 22.4R3-S1, 23.2 versions before 23.2R2, and 23.4 versions before 23.4R2. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory leak in Juniper Networks l2ald daemon allows adjacent attackers to crash Layer 2 services on EVPN-MPLS networks. Affects Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved across multiple versions. Unauthenticated attackers on the same network segment can trigger resource exhaustion by causing ESI route churn from multi-homed Provider Edge devices, forcing l2ald process crash and restart. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but exploitation requires only network adjacency without authentication.
Unauthenticated resource exhaustion in PraisonAI versions prior to 4.5.128 allows remote attackers to drain OpenAI API credits and exhaust server resources. The /media-stream WebSocket endpoint in the call module accepts connections without authentication or Twilio signature validation, enabling unlimited concurrent sessions to OpenAI's Realtime API using the server's credentials. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. Affects PraisonAI deployments exposing the call module's WebSocket interface.
Remote unauthenticated attackers can crash GnuTLS servers by sending malformed TLS handshake messages containing invalid Pre-Shared Key binder values, triggering a NULL pointer dereference. Red Hat Enterprise Linux versions 6-10, OpenShift Container Platform 4, and Red Hat Hardened Images are affected. Vendor patches are available. EPSS score of 0.08% (24th percentile) suggests low current exploitation probability despite network-accessible attack vector. SSVC framework classifies this as automatable with partial technical impact but no known exploitation, making this a medium-priority patching target focused on preventing service disruption rather than data breach.
Memory exhaustion in Orthanc DICOM Server versions ≤1.12.10 allows remote attackers to trigger denial of service by uploading specially crafted ZIP archives with forged uncompressed size metadata. The server allocates excessive memory buffers based on untrusted size fields during automatic extraction, enabling resource exhaustion attacks without authentication (CVSS:3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N). EPSS probability of 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates low likelihood of imminent exploitation, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Memory exhaustion in Orthanc DICOM Server ≤1.12.10 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to trigger denial-of-service via gzip decompression bombs in HTTP requests. Attackers send maliciously crafted gzip-compressed payloads with inflated decompression metadata, forcing the server to allocate unbounded memory and crash. EPSS score of 0.02% (4th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability. No active exploitation confirmed (not in CISA KEV), and no public exploit code identified at time of analysis. CVSS 7.5 reflects network-reachable, low-complexity attack requiring no authentication, but impact limited to availability only.
Memory exhaustion in Orthanc DICOM Server versions up to 1.12.10 allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash the service by sending HTTP requests with excessively large Content-Length header values. The server allocates memory based on the header without validation, enabling denial-of-service without transmitting actual payload data. EPSS score of 0.02% (6th percentile) indicates low observed exploitation probability, and no active exploitation or public POC has been identified at time of analysis.
Denial of service in GitLab CE/EE versions 12.10 through 18.8.8, 18.9 through 18.9.4, and 18.10 through 18.10.2 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash GitLab services via malformed JSON payloads. Improper input validation (CWE-1284) enables resource exhaustion attacks without authentication. CVSS 7.5 (High) reflects network-accessible attack with low complexity requiring no user interaction. No public exploit identified at time of analysis. EPSS data unavailable; not listed in CISA KEV.
Unbounded zlib decompression in dfir-unfurl versions through 20250810 enables unauthenticated remote attackers to exhaust server memory via crafted compressed payloads submitted to the /json/visjs endpoint. Attackers can submit highly compressed data that expands to gigabytes when decompressed, crashing the service through resource exhaustion. The vulnerability affects the parse_compressed.py module and requires no authentication. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Heap corruption via malicious Chrome extension exploits use-after-free flaw in V8 JavaScript engine, affecting Chrome versions prior to 147.0.7727.55. Attacker must convince user to install a crafted extension to achieve potential remote code execution with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. EPSS score of 0.01% (1st percentile) indicates minimal observed exploitation activity; no CISA KEV listing or public exploit code identified at time of analysis. Despite high CVSS 8.8
Sandboxed remote code execution in Google Chrome desktop before 147.0.7727.55 stems from a use-after-free in the Media component, letting a remote attacker who lures a victim to a crafted HTML page execute arbitrary code within the renderer sandbox. Rated 8.8 (High) by CVSS despite Chromium's internal 'Medium' severity, it was reported internally by the Chrome team and is patched, but shows no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS of just 0.04% (11th percentile), consistent with the SSVC 'Exploitation: none' determination.
Remote code execution within Chrome's sandbox affects all versions prior to 147.0.7727.55 through a use-after-free vulnerability in the browser's navigation component. Remote attackers can execute arbitrary code by delivering a specially crafted HTML page that triggers memory corruption when a user visits the malicious site. EPSS probability of 0.04% indicates low observed exploitation activity, and no CISA KEV listing confirms this is not confirmed actively exploited at time of analysis. Google has released patches in Chrome 147.0.7727.55.