Buffer Overflow
Monthly
Stack-based buffer overflow in tinyobjloader-c's MTL material file parser allows an attacker who can supply a crafted 3D asset to corrupt the call stack of any application that loads it, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution. All versions of syoyo/tinyobjloader-c are affected because the only bounds guard in tinyobj_parse_and_index_mtl_file() is an assert() call that compiles to a no-op under -DNDEBUG - the standard flag for release builds - leaving memcpy(linebuf, p, p_len) completely unchecked. The identical vulnerable pattern is duplicated in a second function in the same header file, and no vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Domoticz's MochadTCP component allows an unauthenticated attacker on the local network to corrupt the Domoticz worker thread's stack and potentially achieve arbitrary code execution. The MochadTCP::MatchLine() handler in hardware/MochadTCP.cpp uses strcpy() to copy up to 1028 bytes of network-received data into a fixed 50-byte stack buffer (tempRFSECbuf) across three separate device-type branches, with no length validation whatsoever. No CISA KEV listing and no public exploit code have been identified at time of analysis; exploitation requires adjacency to the Domoticz host's network and benefits from the complete absence of authentication on port 1099.
Out-of-bounds write in the LINUXTCP demo port of FreeModbus (cwalter-at fork) lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker overflow the static aucTCPBuf receive buffer by sending a single crafted Modbus TCP (MBAP) frame. Because the xMBPortTCPPool() length validation uses a strict '>' instead of '>=' against the 263-byte MB_TCP_BUF_SIZE, a frame declaring Length 264 passes the check and recv() writes 7 bytes past the buffer into the adjacent usTCPBufPos variable, corrupting parser state. CVSS is 9.1 (I:H/A:H); there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV.
Heap buffer overflow in dr_libs dr_wav.h enables arbitrary code execution in 32-bit applications that parse untrusted W64 WAV files containing CUE chunk metadata. The flaw stems from a two-stage allocation mismatch: stage-1 capacity estimation silently truncates a 64-bit W64 chunk size to 32-bit size_t, under-allocating heap space, while stage-2 writes using the full attacker-controlled cuePointCount field without validating against that flawed estimate. The sole runtime guard (DRWAV_ASSERT) is compiled out under -DNDEBUG, the default for release builds, making exploitation silent in production. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Arbitrary-address memory write in the nanoMODBUS Modbus client library (through v1.23.0) allows a malicious or compromised Modbus server to corrupt the memory of any client that issues a Read Device Identification request. The flaw stems from an unchecked server-supplied object_id used as an array index, ultimately steering a strncpy() destination pointer with attacker-controlled data - a condition that typically leads to remote code execution or crash on embedded/IoT clients. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the assigned CVSS is 9.8, though exploitation requires the victim client to communicate with an attacker-controlled server.
Memory corruption in nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 allows a malicious or compromised Modbus server to crash or potentially execute arbitrary code on connecting clients by sending a crafted Read Device Identification response (FC 0x2B/MEI 0x0E) that triggers an out-of-bounds NUL byte write in recv_read_device_identification_res(). Any application embedding this library and invoking the Device Identification client function is exposed when connecting to an attacker-controlled server. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though the off-by-one NUL write primitive into adjacent heap or stack memory represents a realistic path to both denial of service and, depending on allocator layout, code execution.
Out-of-bounds heap/stack write in nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 lets an unauthenticated network client corrupt memory in the Modbus server via a single crafted Read File Record (FC 0x14) request. The server-side handle_read_file_record() function validates per-request and per-sub-request sizes but never checks the cumulative response size, and a uint8_t accumulator (response_data_size) silently overflows, allowing swap_regs() to write up to ~8490 bytes past the 260-byte receive buffer. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the flaw yields reliable denial of service and, on embedded/bare-metal targets lacking memory protection, potential remote code execution.
Slab-out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's ksmbd SMB2 server allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash the kernel or leak one byte of adjacent slab memory by sending a crafted compound SMB2 request. The vulnerable path in ksmbd_smb2_check_message() reads the 2-byte StructureSize2 field at offset 64 from each compound element without first confirming the element is at least 66 bytes, so a trailing element of exactly 64 bytes causes a one-byte overread beyond the receive buffer. No exploitation has been publicly confirmed (EPSS 0.16%, 5th percentile, not in CISA KEV), but the unauthenticated network attack vector (CVSS 8.2) makes any ksmbd-exposed host a realistic DoS target. Vendor-released patches are available across all maintained stable kernel series.
Slab-out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel btrfs free space cache loader allows a local attacker to trigger kernel memory corruption by supplying a crafted btrfs filesystem with an inflated num_entries value in the on-disk btrfs_free_space_header. All Linux kernel versions from commit 5b0e95bf607d through the patched stable releases across the 6.6, 6.12, 6.18, 7.1, and 7.2 series are affected. An attacker who can mount or cause the kernel to process such a crafted volume causes the io_ctl->index pointer to walk past the pages[] array boundary, with the overrun slot treated as a struct page and passed to crc32c(), culminating in a general protection fault with kernel code execution or information disclosure potential. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not in CISA KEV; EPSS places exploitation probability at the 5th percentile.
Kernel memory corruption in the Linux IPsec IP-TFS/AGGFRAG (xfrm iptfs) receive path allows crafted or normal traffic arriving on an IPTFS tunnel to corrupt kernel memory and panic affected hosts (introduced in Linux 6.14, fixed in 6.18.42, 7.1.6 and 7.2-rc4). Because iptfs_skb_add_frags() fails to propagate the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG flag when copying page-pool-backed shared frags, a subsequent nested transport-mode esp_input() takes the no-COW fast path and decrypts in place over pages still referenced by the outer SKB. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is low (0.15%), consistent with the narrow, non-default configuration required.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Apache Lucy (all versions) enables potential arbitrary code execution through crafted input triggering memory corruption in the retired C-based search library. All versions are affected with no patch planned, as the Apache Software Foundation has officially retired the project. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the absence of any future fix makes this a permanent unresolved risk for any remaining deployments.
Stack-based buffer overflow in UTT HiPER 1200GW firmware up to v2.5.3-170306 enables network-reachable authenticated attackers to corrupt stack memory and achieve arbitrary code execution on the device. The vulnerable C runtime function strcpy in the web management endpoint /goform/ConfigAdvideo performs no bounds validation on the timestart HTTP parameter, allowing oversized input to overwrite return addresses and redirect execution flow. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub; no vendor patch exists as UTT did not respond to the coordinated disclosure.
Out-of-bounds heap read and write in libXfont2's font server client (all versions prior to 2.0.9) allows a malicious or compromised network font server to corrupt X server heap memory, enabling privilege escalation when the X server runs as root or denial of service via crash in unprivileged configurations. The flaw arises because fs_read_glyphs() in src/fc/fserve.c allocates the encoding[] array based on num_extents from one protocol reply but indexes it using num_chars from a separate reply with no cross-validation, so a crafted server can send mismatched values to trigger OOB heap reads and attacker-controlled OOB heap writes. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; the vendor-released fix is confirmed in libXfont2-2.0.9.
Heap buffer overflow in libXfont2's font-server client allows a malicious or compromised font server to overflow the X server's heap with attacker-controlled content by sending overlapping glyph source offsets. Affected systems running X server as root are exposed to privilege escalation; unprivileged X server instances crash with denial of service. All libXfont2 versions prior to 2.0.9 are affected. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the attacker-controlled write primitive makes this a high-severity memory corruption issue.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the UTT HiPER 1250GW firmware (all versions up to v3.2.7-210907-180535) allows authenticated remote attackers to corrupt stack memory via the tempName argument of the /goform/getOneApConfTempEntry endpoint, with potential for arbitrary code execution on the device. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub, and the vendor did not respond to coordinated disclosure, leaving no patch path available. No CISA KEV listing exists, but the PoC availability combined with an unpatched network device significantly elevates practical risk for any exposed management interface.
Stack-based buffer overflow in UTT HiPER 1250GW firmware (all versions through 3.2.7-210907-180535) enables low-privileged remote attackers to corrupt stack memory and achieve arbitrary code execution by submitting an oversized value to the cipher parameter of the /goform/APSecurity_5g endpoint. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub, materially increasing opportunistic abuse risk. No vendor patch exists - the vendor failed to respond to responsible disclosure - leaving no fix-based remediation path at time of analysis.
Stack-based buffer overflow in OpenSIPS versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash worker processes by exploiting the watcherinfo XML generation path in the presence module. The attacker sends a SIP SUBSCRIBE with a From URI exceeding 200 characters, establishing an oversized watcher entry, then triggers presence.winfo generation to overflow a fixed-size stack buffer in create_winfo_xml() within notify.c. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the unauthenticated network vector and straightforward two-step attack path make this a credible denial-of-service risk for any SIP infrastructure exposing presence services.
Remote unauthenticated denial of service in Systerel S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3 is exploitable via the OPC UA AddNodes service, triggering a classic buffer overflow (CWE-120) in address_space_bs.c and sopc_node_mgt_helper_internal.c that crashes the server. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) confirms this is reachable from the network without credentials or user interaction, making it trivially automatable against exposed OPC UA endpoints. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, though the impact is particularly acute in OT/ICS environments where S2OPC is deployed, as availability loss in industrial control infrastructure can translate to physical process disruption.
Heap-based buffer overflow in lib60870-C 2.4.0 affects the server-side FileSegment ASDU encoding path, where FileSegment_encode() checks only the standalone segment length via FileSegment_GetMaxDataSize() but never verifies remaining capacity in the current ASDU frame before writing object fields and segment data. In IEC 60870-5-101/104 telecontrol servers using the library's file transfer functionality, this out-of-bounds heap write can corrupt memory, enabling denial of service and potentially remote code execution. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is tracked upstream as issue #201 against the current 2.4.0 release.
Denial-of-service via buffer overflow in open62541 v1.5.5 allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to crash an OPC UA server by sending a crafted Service_Call request with malformed input arguments. The flaw resides in the method-call service handler (ua_services_method.c), where input arguments are validated against runtime-resolved InputArguments metadata without proper bounds enforcement. No active exploitation or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the network-accessible attack surface and zero-privilege requirement make this a meaningful availability risk for any OPC UA server deployment based on this library version.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Systerel S2OPC 1.7.3 enables remote denial of service against OPC UA client applications. A malicious or compromised OPC UA server can send a crafted DeleteMonitoredItemsResponse message that triggers an overflow in LockedStaMac_ProcessMsg_DeleteMonitoredItemsResponse and SOPC_StaMac_NewDeleteMonitoredItems within the client_wrapper state machine, crashing the client process. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, though source code references confirm the vulnerable code path exists in the published repository.
Out-of-bounds read in S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3's RepublishResponse message handler enables unauthenticated remote attackers to crash the OPC UA service via a crafted network message, resulting in denial of service. The vulnerable code paths span the subscription publish service layer (msg_subscription_publish_bs.c, msg_subscription_publish_ack_bs.c) and the common encoder module (sopc_encoder.c). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the CVSS:3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N vector indicates low-barrier remote exploitation requiring no authentication against reachable OPC UA endpoints.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Systerel S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3 enables remote denial of service by sending a crafted OPC UA PublishResponse containing malformed EventNotificationList data to the Alarm/Conditions client wrapper. The affected code paths - libs2opc_client_alarm_conditions.c, state_machine.c, and sopc_event_manager.c - process incoming subscription notification data without adequate bounds checking, allowing a malicious or compromised OPC UA server to crash any connected S2OPC client. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; however, the CVSS 7.5/High rating and unauthenticated network vector make this a meaningful risk in OPC UA-enabled industrial environments.
Memory corruption in the OpenSIPS SIP server (versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1) lets remote attackers overflow a fixed 1024-byte global buffer via an oversized SIP URI username, deterministically corrupting adjacent global state such as the disable_503_translation flag and altering the server's routing behavior for subsequent messages. Exploitation requires that the deployed routing script pass an attacker-controlled username into construct_uri(); where that pattern exists, the flaw affects integrity and availability without authentication. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, no CISA KEV listing, and no EPSS score was provided.
Heap-based buffer overflow in open62541 1.5.5 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash an OPC UA server by sending a crafted HistoryRead request when the default memory backend is in use, resulting in denial of service. The CVSS vector confirms network-accessible, unauthenticated exploitation with no interaction required, and SSVC classifies it as automatable with a proof-of-concept available. Despite these concerning attributes, EPSS at 0.14% (4th percentile) and absence from CISA KEV indicate limited real-world exploitation activity at time of analysis.
Remote denial-of-service in open62541 v1.5.5 is achievable by exploiting a buffer overflow in the OPC UA Discovery/Local Discovery Server (LDS) handling code. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a specially crafted OPC UA discovery request to crash the affected server process, resulting in full availability loss. No public exploit code has been confirmed and this vulnerability has not been added to the CISA KEV catalog at the time of analysis.
SIP message smuggling in OpenSIPS via unsigned integer overflow in TCP Content-Length parsing enables unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary SIP messages that bypass front-end SBC and proxy security policies, inherit connection authentication context, and evade rate limiting. All OpenSIPS instances with any TCP-based transport enabled (proto_tcp, proto_tls, proto_ws, proto_wss) running versions prior to 3.6.6 or 4.0.0-rc1 are affected, with no routing-script preconditions required. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the attack requires only a single malformed packet against a default TCP-enabled configuration.
Adjacent-buffer overflow in OpenSIPS 3.4.0-beta through 3.6.5 and 4.0.0-beta arises in the {s.b64encode} string transformation, where the size check only validates that the input fits the 64 KB transformation buffer but ignores the ~33% expansion that base64 encoding introduces. Remote attackers can send a SIP message with a header value of roughly 50,000+ bytes to overflow the buffer by up to 21,844 bytes into an adjacent transformation buffer, corrupting values used by chained transformations on the same message; exploitability hinges on the routing script applying {s.b64encode} to attacker-controlled input. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available in 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1.
Remote code execution and denial of service in OpenSIPS SIP server (versions 4.0.0 and prior) arises from a stack buffer overflow in the sip_to_json() function, where an attacker-controlled SIP header name longer than 255 bytes is memcpy'd into a fixed 255-byte stack buffer. Because both the length and content of the overwrite are attacker-controlled, a single unauthenticated UDP packet to SIP port 5060 can crash the process or, on builds lacking stack protections, hijack the saved return address for RCE. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the issue was not fixed at publication, making this an unpatched flaw affecting any deployment whose routing script invokes sip_to_json().
Remote code execution in Keysight IxChariot Endpoint and related Keysight network-test products (Hawkeye, IxTap, IxProbe, IxBypass) allows an unauthenticated attacker to run arbitrary code with administrative privileges by sending a single specially crafted packet. The flaw is a classic stack-based buffer overflow reachable over the network with no user interaction (CVSS 4.0 9.3). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the trivial attack complexity and lack of any authentication make it a high-priority patch for any environment running these test tools.
Out-of-bounds read in SSSD's PAM responder allows a local low-privileged attacker to crash the SSSD process and disclose sensitive memory contents by sending a crafted protocol v1 authentication request. Affected systems span all major Red Hat Enterprise Linux releases (6 through 10) and OpenShift Container Platform 4, representing a broad footprint in enterprise Linux environments. No active exploitation is confirmed (not listed in CISA KEV), and the EPSS score of 0.14% at the 3rd percentile reflects a very low observed exploitation probability at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds write in the multimodal serving topology of NVIDIA Dynamo for Linux allows remote unauthenticated attackers to corrupt memory, with a rated 9.8 CVSS potentially enabling remote code execution, privilege escalation, data tampering, information disclosure, and denial of service. NVIDIA (the reporting vendor) rates it critical with a network-reachable, no-privilege, no-interaction vector. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, so the score reflects potential rather than observed impact.
Out-of-bounds write in NVIDIA Dynamo for Linux enables remote unauthenticated attackers to cause denial of service or tamper with data via network-reachable attack surface, scoring CVSS 8.2 High. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) indicates no authentication, no special conditions, and no user interaction are required for exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA KEV listing is absent at time of analysis, but self-disclosure by NVIDIA and a High CVSS score warrant prompt patching in AI inference infrastructure environments.
Buffer overflow in the TP-Link Tapo P110 v1 smart plug's HTTP request handling allows an adjacent-network attacker to crash the web service process, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. The device's web service performs a memory copy of HTTP request body data without validating input length against the destination buffer, enabling an oversized payload to corrupt adjacent memory regions. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis; a vendor-released firmware patch is available via the TP-Link download portal.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon's fastboot command handler for audio framework configuration allows an attacker with physical USB access to a device in bootloader mode to send malformed input and trigger memory corruption with cross-scope impact - potentially reaching privileged firmware or TrustZone-adjacent components (S:C in the CVSS vector). The full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates the compromise can extend beyond the vulnerable component itself. No public exploit code exists and no CISA KEV entry is present at time of analysis.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon Wi-Fi/NAN firmware allows an attacker within wireless range to overflow a stack buffer by sending Neighbor Awareness Networking (NAN) Service Discovery Frames whose Device Capability Extended attributes carry invalid length values (CWE-121). With CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N and a scope-changed 9.6 score, an unauthenticated adjacent attacker can achieve high-impact compromise potentially crossing from the wireless subsystem into the host. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not on CISA KEV.
Transient denial of service in Qualcomm Snapdragon's Wi-Fi 6 stack allows adjacent, unauthenticated attackers to crash affected devices by transmitting a malformed Target Wake Time (TWT) channel usage response frame with an undersized packet payload. The CVSS scope change (S:C) indicates the crash propagates beyond the Wi-Fi subsystem to impact the broader host environment. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon IOCTL device driver handling enables a local low-privilege attacker to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the affected system. The flaw (CWE-822: Untrusted Pointer Dereference) allows a process to supply invalid pointer arguments via IOCTL calls that the driver dereferences without adequate validation, corrupting kernel memory. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; however, kernel-level driver bugs in Snapdragon have historically been chained with initial-access exploits to achieve full Android device compromise.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon's fingerprint Trusted Application (TA) allows a local low-privileged attacker to corrupt memory by sending malformed request parameters, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability resides within the TrustZone Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), making successful exploitation particularly severe as it targets the secure world isolated from the Android normal world. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, but the EPSS signal is absent from available data.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon platforms occurs when a packet with a size value near the maximum allowable limit is processed, triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) that leads to a buffer overflow condition. Affected Snapdragon chipsets - used extensively in Android smartphones, IoT, and automotive platforms - are exposed to local exploitation with low privileges, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing are identified at time of analysis; the vulnerability was disclosed via Qualcomm's August 2026 Security Bulletin.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Autodesk FBX SDK's fbxsdk::ExtractDrive function allows arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process when a user opens a maliciously crafted FBX file. Any application embedding the FBX SDK for 3D asset import - including game engines, VFX pipelines, and CAD tools - inherits this attack surface, making the blast radius broader than the SDK itself. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the high-impact CVSS score (7.8) and RCE primitive make this a priority for organizations ingesting untrusted 3D content.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Autodesk FBX SDK's binary file parser allows arbitrary code execution when a user opens a maliciously crafted FBX file. The vulnerable function `fbxsdk::FbxIO::BinaryReadSectionHeader` fails to properly bound-check attacker-controlled data from binary section headers, overflowing the call stack and enabling control-flow hijacking in the context of the host process. Any application embedding the affected SDK version - including Autodesk DCC tools and third-party game engine editors - is exposed when users import FBX assets from untrusted sources; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-buffer-overflow vulnerabilities in GIMP's APNG file loader and DDS plug-in allow code execution when a user opens a specially crafted image file. The APNG flaw is triggered when the fcTL chunk width exceeds the IHDR width, causing pixel data to overwrite memory beyond the heap allocation; the DDS flaw stems from a bits-per-pixel mismatch in load_layer(). Both affect GIMP as packaged on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 9. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Buffer overflow in open62541 1.5.5's Local Discovery Server (LDS) enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash the discovery service by sending a RegisterServer or RegisterServer2 request containing an abnormally large number of unique discoveryUrls, but only when the MDNSD multicast discovery backend is enabled at build time. The impact is a denial of service (A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity exposure. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code is identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in open62541 1.5.5 allows a malicious OPC UA server to crash connecting clients via a crafted namespace array response. The flaw resides in the client-side connection handler responseReadNamespacesArray() in src/client/ua_client_connect.c, triggered during the namespace discovery phase of the OPC UA session establishment. With a CVSS availability impact of High and no privileges required on the attacker side, the practical effect is a remotely-induced denial of service against any open62541-based OPC UA client that connects to an attacker-controlled server. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution via buffer over-read in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) versions prior to 151.0.4129.59 affects authenticated network attackers (PR:L per CVSS). The CWE-126 flaw allows an authorized attacker to corrupt memory and execute arbitrary code within the browser process over a network channel. No active exploitation is confirmed (not listed in CISA KEV, SSVC exploitation=none), and EPSS of 1.00% at the 59th percentile reflects above-median but still modest real-world exploitation probability.
Heap-based out-of-bounds write in the Zephyr RTOS hawkBit OTA update client (versions 2.4.0 through <4.5.0) allows a malicious or compromised hawkBit update server to corrupt device heap memory by sending a crafted HTTP response body. The off-by-one flaw in response_json_cb() allocates exactly the response body length with no room for the NUL terminator, writing one byte past the heap object and corrupting adjacent allocator metadata. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the SSVC framework rates this as automatable and the trigger is deterministic in Zephyr v4.0.0 and later for any response body exceeding 1100 bytes - a size normal for hawkBit deployment metadata.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Wavlink's lighttpd-based web interface allows network-adjacent authenticated attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution on at least thirteen SOHO router and range-extender models running firmware through 20260609. The vulnerable code path is the strcpy call within upload.cgi, which copies the HTTP_COOKIE request header into a fixed-size stack buffer without length validation. Publicly available exploit code exists on GitHub (0xcc12138/WAVLINK-vul); no CISA KEV listing is present, but the disclosed POC materially lowers the exploitation barrier for opportunistic actors targeting consumer networking gear.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Wavlink WL-NU516U1 NAS device's nas.cgi password change handler allows remote unauthenticated attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized User1Passwd argument to the change_password function. Affecting the MT7628 firmware variant (708c073-mt7628), this carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.9 with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact and no privileges or user interaction required. A public proof-of-concept has been published and a vendor-released firmware patch is available as of 2026-07-13; no confirmed CISA KEV listing at time of analysis.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Wavlink WL-NU516U1 (firmware 708c073-mt7628) router's nas.cgi handler lets remote unauthenticated attackers overflow a fixed-size stack buffer by manipulating the HTTP CONTENT_LENGTH value processed via fgets. Successful exploitation can crash the device or execute arbitrary code with full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. A public write-up (GitHub report2.md) exists, but the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV - no public weaponized exploit is confirmed at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in MediaTek modem firmware across 19 chipsets enables remote denial of service when a User Equipment (UE) is connected to an attacker-controlled rogue base station. The flaw stems from a missing bounds check (CWE-125) in modem protocol processing, crashing or disrupting the modem without requiring any user interaction or device-side privileges. No active exploitation is confirmed (no CISA KEV listing), and EPSS probability is very low at 0.21% (11th percentile), consistent with SSVC's 'exploitation: none' status - though the attack is classified as automatable once rogue infrastructure is in place.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the MediaTek WLAN AP driver enables an adjacent-network attacker to escalate privileges without credentials or user interaction on chipsets MT7986, MT7916, MT7915, MT7981, and MT6890. The missing bounds check in the driver's AP-mode frame processing allows memory corruption that yields high confidentiality and integrity impact on the affected device. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS remains very low at 0.17%, though SSVC rates technical impact as total - underscoring the severity if a capable, range-proximate attacker develops working exploit code.
Stack buffer over-read and stray one-byte NUL write in Zephyr RTOS's experimental OCPP 1.6 client allow a malicious or compromised OCPP central server - or an on-path attacker exploiting the commonly unencrypted ws:// transport - to crash a connected embedded device by sending a crafted WAMP RPC frame with an oversized uid or action field. The vulnerable helper extract_string_field() uses strncpy() without guaranteeing NUL-termination, causing a subsequent strchr() call to scan unbounded into adjacent stack memory; a secondary defect in extract_payload() compounds this on maximal-length frames. No active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV, but SSVC classification indicates publicly available proof-of-concept code, and EPSS sits at a low 0.19% (10th percentile), consistent with a niche embedded RTOS attack surface.
Integer overflow in FreeRDP's audio input redirection channel (audin) across ALSA, sndio, WinMM, and OpenSL ES backends affects all versions before 3.29.0, exploitable by a malicious or compromised RDP server. The server can supply a crafted FramesPerPacket value that causes allocation size wraparound, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow on Linux/ALSA - potentially enabling code execution - or denial of service on all supported platforms. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at the time of analysis; vendor-released patch (3.29.0) is available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in FreeRDP's Windows clipboard client (versions ≤ 3.29.0) allows a malicious or compromised RDP server to write attacker-controlled data beyond the bounds of a paste consumer's heap allocation. The flaw in CliprdrStream_Read trusts the server-supplied response length (req_fsize) rather than the caller-supplied buffer bound (cb), so any OLE paste consumer such as explorer.exe that calls IStream::Read against server-offered clipboard file contents can have its heap corrupted. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not in CISA KEV), no public exploit code has been identified, and a fix is available in FreeRDP 3.30.0.
Heap buffer overflow in FreeRDP's server-side RAIL channel handler (versions ≤ 3.28.0) allows any connecting RDP client to crash the FreeRDP server process through a crafted RAIL PDU. The root cause is an unchecked subtraction of RAIL_PDU_HEADER_LENGTH from a client-controlled orderLength field in rail_server_handle_messages(); values 0-3 cause an unsigned integer underflow to a very large size, which causes pointer arithmetic wraparound that defeats the Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity() guard, ultimately triggering an out-of-bounds heap write via WTSVirtualChannelRead(). No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available in FreeRDP 3.29.0.
Heap out-of-bounds read in FreeRDP's glyph cache subsystem (versions <= 3.28.0) allows a malicious or compromised RDP server to crash any connecting FreeRDP client by sending a GLYPH_FRAGMENT_ADD update with a server-controlled declared fragment size that exceeds the actual received buffer. The vulnerability exists because update_process_glyph_fragments() and glyph_cache_fragment_put() in libfreerdp/cache/glyph.c read a one-byte declared size and proceed to allocate and copy that many bytes without first validating that the declared size fits within the remaining data in the received packet. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 with AV:N/AC:L/PR:N reflects trivial remote exploitation requiring only a client connection to a rogue server.
Heap use-after-free in FreeRDP's asynchronous update message proxy (all versions before 3.29.0) enables a malicious or compromised RDP server to crash the connecting client or induce memory corruption by sending crafted RAIL WINDOW_STATE_ORDER and NOTIFY_ICON_STATE_ORDER update packets. The vulnerability surfaces only when the AsyncUpdate option is enabled on the client, limiting but not eliminating real-world exposure given the feature's performance benefits and common usage. Vendor-released patch version 3.29.0 is available; no public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Heap use-after-free in FreeRDP's async update message proxy allows a malicious or compromised RDP server to crash the client and corrupt heap memory through a crafted RAIL WINDOW_ORDER_ICON message. The flaw is gated on the AsyncUpdate feature being explicitly enabled via the /async-update flag - a non-default client configuration - which limits real-world exposure relative to the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7. All FreeRDP versions prior to 3.29.0 (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) are affected; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in FreeRDP's async update message proxy exposes clients to memory disclosure or process crash when connecting to a malicious or compromised RDP server with AsyncUpdate enabled. The flaw is in update_message_PolygonSC() and update_message_PolygonCB(), which allocate a fresh points array but copy data from the enclosing order structure's base address rather than from the correct ->points member, reading adjacent heap memory. All FreeRDP versions before 3.29.0 are affected; no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit code exist at time of analysis.
Heap-based remote code execution in the FreeRDP Windows client (all versions before 3.29.0) is triggered when a user pastes clipboard content sourced from a malicious RDP server. The client fails to validate the server-supplied data size in CLIPRDR_FILE_CONTENTS_RESPONSE PDUs against the destination buffer, allowing an oversized payload to corrupt heap memory. A publicly available vendor advisory (GHSA-cj9v-h4hq-29jr, reported by VulnCheck) documents the flaw; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap out-of-bounds read in FreeRDP's TSMF FFmpeg decoder allows a malicious RDP server to crash connecting client processes by sending malformed AVC1 MPEG2VIDEOINFO media type data with undersized ExtraData buffers. All FreeRDP releases prior to 3.29.0 are affected (CPE cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), with the root cause being fixed-offset heap reads in the media format parser that proceed without validating source buffer length - a CWE-125 pattern. No CISA KEV listing or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; the vendor has released a patch at version 3.29.0 and the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 reflects high availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity consequence per the provided vector.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Premiere Pro stems from an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) triggered when processing a specially crafted media or project file, running code in the context of the logged-in user. The attack is file-based and local, requiring an adversary to socially engineer a victim - a realistic threat vector for creative professionals who routinely receive media files from external sources. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but the high CVSS impact metrics (C:H/I:H/A:H) indicate full user-level compromise upon successful exploitation.
Heap memory disclosure in Coturn 4.5.2-4.14.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to extract up to ~870 bytes of adjacent process heap per request by sending a single HTTP GET to the ACME redirect plaintext TCP listener. The leaked memory originates from recycled, unzeroed network receive buffers and on busy relay servers can contain TURN credentials, OAuth tokens, or relayed session payloads from concurrent clients. Exploitation is trivially automatable against the affected configuration; no public exploit identified at time of analysis beyond the proof-of-concept test case shipped with the advisory.
Use-after-free in the Zephyr RTOS Bluetooth GATT client stack allows an adjacent Bluetooth peer acting as a GATT server to crash a Zephyr device or potentially redirect its execution by replying to a CCC-write with an ATT Error Response. The defect is a callback-ordering bug in gatt_write_ccc_rsp(): the API-documented termination signal notify(NULL) was emitted before subscribe(), so applications that free or recycle bt_gatt_subscribe_params in their termination handler dereference a dangling function pointer. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry exists; a vendor patch commit is available but a specific tagged release version has not been confirmed.
Remote unauthenticated denial of service in 389 Directory Server (389-ds-base, shipped as Red Hat Directory Server 11-13 and within RHEL 6-10) allows an attacker to crash the LDAP daemon by sending a crafted replication extended operation. The flaw is a stack buffer overflow in the RUV parsing path that triggers during payload decoding before any authorization check, so no credentials are needed. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; stack protectors constrain the outcome to a server crash rather than code execution.
Remote code execution via stack-based buffer overflow in Advantech ADAM-3600 EdgeLink's Cookie parsing logic affects all firmware versions prior to 2.8.5.1, exploitable by unauthenticated network attackers when the SafeEnhancement feature is enabled. The vulnerability (CWE-121) allows arbitrary code execution on the edge controller, an OT/IIoT device typically deployed in industrial automation environments. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS sits at 0.14% (4th percentile), though the industrial attack surface warrants heightened concern due to the operational consequences of device compromise. Notably, the provided CVSS vector (C:H/I:N/A:N) is inconsistent with the described code execution impact - a discrepancy that should be verified with the vendor.
Remote code execution in Advantech ADAM-3600 EdgeLink industrial edge controllers is possible through a stack-based buffer overflow in the device's log message handling functionality, exploitable by unauthenticated network attackers on versions prior to 2.8.5.1. Reported by the Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA), the vulnerability carries a CWE-121 classification - a well-understood root cause class with a history of weaponizable exploits, particularly in embedded and OT/ICS devices. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS sits at 0.14% (4th percentile), though the network-accessible, unauthenticated nature of the flaw and the industrial deployment context elevate operational risk above what the percentile alone suggests.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Advantech ADAM-3600 EdgeLink's password handling routine enables unauthenticated remote code execution when the SafeEnhancement feature is active. All firmware versions prior to 2.8.5.1 are affected. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the network-accessible, zero-authentication attack surface on an industrial IoT edge device warrants prompt patching given OT environment exposure.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Tenda W6-S wireless router (firmware 1.0.0.4(510)) lets remote attackers corrupt stack memory by sending oversized 'GO' and 'index' parameters to the /goform/wifiSSIDset endpoint, where the formwrlSSIDset handler copies them into a fixed 64-byte buffer via unbounded sprintf. Successful exploitation can crash the device or achieve arbitrary code execution with full impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Publicly available exploit code exists in the form of a detailed technical write-up, though there is no public exploit identified as weaponized and no confirmed active exploitation.
Denial-of-service in an IEC 61850 GOOSE subscriber component allows an adjacent, unauthenticated attacker on the same Layer-2 network to crash the message-processing process by sending a crafted GOOSE frame (EtherType 0x88B8) with an undersized UTC timestamp field, triggering a heap out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The flaw was reported by DHS ICS-CERT and documented in CISA ICS advisory ICSA-26-211-10; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS 4.0 vector scores availability impact only (VA:H) with no confidentiality or integrity effect.
Denial-of-service in an IEC 61850 GOOSE subscriber implementation allows an attacker with access to the substation process bus to crash the subscriber process using a single unauthenticated Layer-2 multicast frame. An off-by-one boundary error in the GOOSE parser triggers a heap out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that reliably terminates the process. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; this is not listed in CISA KEV, and no EPSS score was provided.
Denial-of-service in an IEC 61850 MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification) protocol implementation allows an attacker with an established MMS session to crash the MMS handling process by sending a malformed BER-encoded confirmed-request message over TCP port 102. The flaw is a heap out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the BER decoder's boundary handling. No public exploit or active exploitation is identified at time of analysis; the CVSS 4.0 score of 7.1 reflects a high availability impact with low required privileges and no user interaction.
Heap buffer over-read in MZ Automation GmbH's libiec61850 (versions prior to 1.6.2) allows an unauthenticated adjacent-network attacker to crash the MMS service process by sending a crafted BER-encoded message with an invalid length value in a BOOLEAN or INTEGER field. The MMS BER decoder performs no bounds validation on the attacker-supplied length, causing a read past the end of a heap-allocated buffer and subsequent process termination. CISA ICS-CERT issued advisory ICSA-26-211-10 for this vulnerability; no public exploit code or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Denial-of-service in MZ Automation's libiec61850 (versions before 1.6.2) allows an unauthenticated attacker on the process bus to crash IEC 61850 subscriber processes with a single crafted GOOSE frame. The GOOSE payload parser mishandles nested length fields, so an inner element length that exceeds its enclosing length forces a one-byte out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that reliably terminates the subscriber. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CISA ICS advisory (ICSA-26-211-10) and a vendor patch are available.
Remote unauthenticated denial of service in MZ Automation's libiec61850 (all versions before 1.6.2) allows an attacker to crash IEC 61850/MMS server processes by opening a crafted TCP/102 connection. The flaw sits in the ISO Presentation layer's normal-mode negotiation, where a missing length check on an attacker-controlled zero-length field triggers a bounded heap out-of-bounds read that terminates the process before any MMS session is even established. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV, but the pre-authentication network reach and low complexity make it a credible availability threat to exposed OT/ICS devices.
Heap buffer overflow in GoAccess 1.10.2's parse_browser() routine lets a remote attacker corrupt or crash the analyzer by planting a crafted User-Agent string in a web server access log that an operator later processes. Because the code assumes any Opera-matched token starts with the literal 'Opera' and relocates the trailing version substring to a fixed match+5 offset, a specially formed UA drives a memmove that writes one to four attacker-influenced bytes past a heap allocation. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is fixed in version 1.11.
Integer overflow in the UA_Variant arrayDimensions product computation in open62541 (versions 1.3.0-1.3.18, 1.4.0-1.4.17, 1.5.0-1.5.5) enables a remote attacker to trigger an out-of-bounds heap write, with potential for denial of service or arbitrary code execution in industrial OPC UA servers and gateways. CISA coordinated disclosure as ICSA-26-211-08 on 2026-07-30, citing risk to critical manufacturing, energy, and transportation infrastructure sectors worldwide. No public exploit identified at time of analysis - PoC code exists but was withheld at o6 Automation's request; the CVE is not in CISA KEV.
Stack-based buffer overflow in IBM Db2's setgid helper binary db2flacc allows a local user with low privileges to overwrite the stack frame and execute arbitrary code with the elevated group permissions of the binary. Both Db2 11.5.x (through 11.5.9) and 12.1.x (through 12.1.4) are affected. No public exploit has been identified and exploitation status is confirmed as none per SSVC, though IBM has released a patch and the SSVC technical impact is rated total, warranting prompt remediation on shared-access Db2 hosts.
OS memory integrity compromise and hypervisor denial of service in IBM PowerVM Hypervisor (firmware FW950, FW1060, and FW1110 families) allows a low-privileged actor inside a logical partition to issue a carefully crafted hypervisor call that crashes the PowerVM hypervisor or corrupts OS memory. Because the flaw crosses the partition-to-hypervisor trust boundary (CVSS scope change), a single guest partition can impact the integrity and availability of the shared virtualization layer serving other partitions. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; IBM, the reporter, has released a fix.
Information disclosure and host-process Denial-of-Service affects VMware ESX, Workstation, and Fusion via an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) reachable by an actor holding VM deployment privileges. On ESX the flaw can crash or leak memory from the host VMX process (a guest-to-host scope crossing), while on Workstation and Fusion the impact is limited to information disclosure. Reported by VMware/Broadcom with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing.
Guest-to-host escape in VMware ESX (and the ESX component of Cloud Foundation, vSphere Foundation, and Telco Cloud Platform) lets an attacker with administrative privileges inside a virtual machine execute code on the underlying hypervisor host via an out-of-bounds write in the VMXNET3 virtual network adapter. Only VMs configured with the VMXNET3 adapter are affected; other virtual NIC types are not. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the vendor-issued Broadcom/VMware advisory and the CVSS 9.3 score reflect a critical host-compromise impact.
Out-of-bounds write in PHP's BCMath bccomp() function allows attacker-controlled inputs to corrupt stack and heap memory in PHP 8.4.x before 8.4.24 and 8.5.x before 8.5.9, with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact per the vendor CVSS 4.0 score of 8.1. Exploitation requires an application to pass attacker-influenced values into bccomp() with the BCMath extension enabled; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis (CVSS E:U, no KEV listing). Memory corruption of this class can lead to crashes and, potentially, arbitrary code execution within the PHP process.
Denial of service (and potentially remote code execution) affects the File Explorer component of ASUSTOR's ADM operating system across ADM 4.1.0-4.3.3.RUN1 and 5.0.0-5.1.3.RI81, where a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121) lets an authenticated network attacker crash the underlying CGI process by supplying oversized decoded input. Only DoS is vendor-confirmed; the advisory notes further impact may be possible depending on runtime protections, and the vendor-assigned CVSS 4.0 of 8.7 assumes full confidentiality/integrity/availability compromise. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the Dawn (WebGPU) component of Google Chrome before 151.0.7922.72 lets a remote attacker read memory outside intended bounds when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. Google's Chrome team reported it and a fixed Stable-channel build is available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.17%, 7th percentile). Notably, Chromium internally rated the security severity 'Low' even though the NVD-style CVSS base score is 8.1, so real-world impact is likely narrower than the raw score implies.
Out-of-bounds memory access in Google Chrome's Frame component affects all Desktop builds prior to 151.0.7922.72, letting a remote attacker read memory outside intended bounds when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. Chromium rated the underlying flaw Low severity, yet NVD scores it 8.8 (High) and tags flag potential RCE; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is a low 0.18% (8th percentile). A vendor patch is available and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Google Chrome's WebRTC component (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) lets a remote attacker disclose heap memory when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. The flaw is a CWE-122 heap buffer overflow that Chromium itself rated Low severity, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS probability of 0.19% (9th percentile). CISA's SSVC assessment records no observed exploitation and marks the issue as not automatable, though technical impact is rated total.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome desktop before 151.0.7922.72 arises from a heap buffer overflow in the browser's media Codecs component (CWE-122), letting a remote attacker who serves a crafted HTML page corrupt heap memory and run arbitrary code - though execution is confined inside the renderer sandbox rather than the host OS. Google rates the Chromium severity as Low despite the NVD-style 8.8 CVSS, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low at 0.24% (15th percentile) and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as none. A vendor patch is available in the 151.0.7922.72 stable channel release.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Chrome's WebXR component allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive renderer process memory or crash the browser tab by luring a victim to a crafted HTML page. All Google Chrome releases prior to 151.0.7922.72 are affected across all platforms, with the vendor confirming a patch in the stable channel update. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and an EPSS of 0.18% (8th percentile) indicates low near-term exploitation probability despite the high CVSS base score of 8.1.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's media codec handling affects all Chrome desktop builds prior to 151.0.7922.72, where an integer overflow while parsing a maliciously crafted video file can let a remote attacker break out of the renderer sandbox. Exploitation requires the victim to load attacker-controlled media (UI:R), and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.17%, 6th percentile) and the flaw is not on CISA KEV. Notably, Chromium's own triage rated this 'Medium' severity, which conflicts with the NVD-style 9.6 Critical score.
Stack-based buffer overflow in tinyobjloader-c's MTL material file parser allows an attacker who can supply a crafted 3D asset to corrupt the call stack of any application that loads it, potentially achieving arbitrary code execution. All versions of syoyo/tinyobjloader-c are affected because the only bounds guard in tinyobj_parse_and_index_mtl_file() is an assert() call that compiles to a no-op under -DNDEBUG - the standard flag for release builds - leaving memcpy(linebuf, p, p_len) completely unchecked. The identical vulnerable pattern is duplicated in a second function in the same header file, and no vendor-released patch has been identified at time of analysis. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Domoticz's MochadTCP component allows an unauthenticated attacker on the local network to corrupt the Domoticz worker thread's stack and potentially achieve arbitrary code execution. The MochadTCP::MatchLine() handler in hardware/MochadTCP.cpp uses strcpy() to copy up to 1028 bytes of network-received data into a fixed 50-byte stack buffer (tempRFSECbuf) across three separate device-type branches, with no length validation whatsoever. No CISA KEV listing and no public exploit code have been identified at time of analysis; exploitation requires adjacency to the Domoticz host's network and benefits from the complete absence of authentication on port 1099.
Out-of-bounds write in the LINUXTCP demo port of FreeModbus (cwalter-at fork) lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker overflow the static aucTCPBuf receive buffer by sending a single crafted Modbus TCP (MBAP) frame. Because the xMBPortTCPPool() length validation uses a strict '>' instead of '>=' against the 263-byte MB_TCP_BUF_SIZE, a frame declaring Length 264 passes the check and recv() writes 7 bytes past the buffer into the adjacent usTCPBufPos variable, corrupting parser state. CVSS is 9.1 (I:H/A:H); there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV.
Heap buffer overflow in dr_libs dr_wav.h enables arbitrary code execution in 32-bit applications that parse untrusted W64 WAV files containing CUE chunk metadata. The flaw stems from a two-stage allocation mismatch: stage-1 capacity estimation silently truncates a 64-bit W64 chunk size to 32-bit size_t, under-allocating heap space, while stage-2 writes using the full attacker-controlled cuePointCount field without validating against that flawed estimate. The sole runtime guard (DRWAV_ASSERT) is compiled out under -DNDEBUG, the default for release builds, making exploitation silent in production. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis.
Arbitrary-address memory write in the nanoMODBUS Modbus client library (through v1.23.0) allows a malicious or compromised Modbus server to corrupt the memory of any client that issues a Read Device Identification request. The flaw stems from an unchecked server-supplied object_id used as an array index, ultimately steering a strncpy() destination pointer with attacker-controlled data - a condition that typically leads to remote code execution or crash on embedded/IoT clients. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the assigned CVSS is 9.8, though exploitation requires the victim client to communicate with an attacker-controlled server.
Memory corruption in nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 allows a malicious or compromised Modbus server to crash or potentially execute arbitrary code on connecting clients by sending a crafted Read Device Identification response (FC 0x2B/MEI 0x0E) that triggers an out-of-bounds NUL byte write in recv_read_device_identification_res(). Any application embedding this library and invoking the Device Identification client function is exposed when connecting to an attacker-controlled server. No public exploit code or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis, though the off-by-one NUL write primitive into adjacent heap or stack memory represents a realistic path to both denial of service and, depending on allocator layout, code execution.
Out-of-bounds heap/stack write in nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 lets an unauthenticated network client corrupt memory in the Modbus server via a single crafted Read File Record (FC 0x14) request. The server-side handle_read_file_record() function validates per-request and per-sub-request sizes but never checks the cumulative response size, and a uint8_t accumulator (response_data_size) silently overflows, allowing swap_regs() to write up to ~8490 bytes past the 260-byte receive buffer. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the flaw yields reliable denial of service and, on embedded/bare-metal targets lacking memory protection, potential remote code execution.
Slab-out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel's ksmbd SMB2 server allows remote unauthenticated attackers to crash the kernel or leak one byte of adjacent slab memory by sending a crafted compound SMB2 request. The vulnerable path in ksmbd_smb2_check_message() reads the 2-byte StructureSize2 field at offset 64 from each compound element without first confirming the element is at least 66 bytes, so a trailing element of exactly 64 bytes causes a one-byte overread beyond the receive buffer. No exploitation has been publicly confirmed (EPSS 0.16%, 5th percentile, not in CISA KEV), but the unauthenticated network attack vector (CVSS 8.2) makes any ksmbd-exposed host a realistic DoS target. Vendor-released patches are available across all maintained stable kernel series.
Slab-out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel btrfs free space cache loader allows a local attacker to trigger kernel memory corruption by supplying a crafted btrfs filesystem with an inflated num_entries value in the on-disk btrfs_free_space_header. All Linux kernel versions from commit 5b0e95bf607d through the patched stable releases across the 6.6, 6.12, 6.18, 7.1, and 7.2 series are affected. An attacker who can mount or cause the kernel to process such a crafted volume causes the io_ctl->index pointer to walk past the pages[] array boundary, with the overrun slot treated as a struct page and passed to crc32c(), culminating in a general protection fault with kernel code execution or information disclosure potential. No public exploit has been identified and this vulnerability is not in CISA KEV; EPSS places exploitation probability at the 5th percentile.
Kernel memory corruption in the Linux IPsec IP-TFS/AGGFRAG (xfrm iptfs) receive path allows crafted or normal traffic arriving on an IPTFS tunnel to corrupt kernel memory and panic affected hosts (introduced in Linux 6.14, fixed in 6.18.42, 7.1.6 and 7.2-rc4). Because iptfs_skb_add_frags() fails to propagate the SKBFL_SHARED_FRAG flag when copying page-pool-backed shared frags, a subsequent nested transport-mode esp_input() takes the no-COW fast path and decrypts in place over pages still referenced by the outer SKB. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is low (0.15%), consistent with the narrow, non-default configuration required.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Apache Lucy (all versions) enables potential arbitrary code execution through crafted input triggering memory corruption in the retired C-based search library. All versions are affected with no patch planned, as the Apache Software Foundation has officially retired the project. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, but the absence of any future fix makes this a permanent unresolved risk for any remaining deployments.
Stack-based buffer overflow in UTT HiPER 1200GW firmware up to v2.5.3-170306 enables network-reachable authenticated attackers to corrupt stack memory and achieve arbitrary code execution on the device. The vulnerable C runtime function strcpy in the web management endpoint /goform/ConfigAdvideo performs no bounds validation on the timestart HTTP parameter, allowing oversized input to overwrite return addresses and redirect execution flow. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub; no vendor patch exists as UTT did not respond to the coordinated disclosure.
Out-of-bounds heap read and write in libXfont2's font server client (all versions prior to 2.0.9) allows a malicious or compromised network font server to corrupt X server heap memory, enabling privilege escalation when the X server runs as root or denial of service via crash in unprivileged configurations. The flaw arises because fs_read_glyphs() in src/fc/fserve.c allocates the encoding[] array based on num_extents from one protocol reply but indexes it using num_chars from a separate reply with no cross-validation, so a crafted server can send mismatched values to trigger OOB heap reads and attacker-controlled OOB heap writes. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; the vendor-released fix is confirmed in libXfont2-2.0.9.
Heap buffer overflow in libXfont2's font-server client allows a malicious or compromised font server to overflow the X server's heap with attacker-controlled content by sending overlapping glyph source offsets. Affected systems running X server as root are exposed to privilege escalation; unprivileged X server instances crash with denial of service. All libXfont2 versions prior to 2.0.9 are affected. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the attacker-controlled write primitive makes this a high-severity memory corruption issue.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the UTT HiPER 1250GW firmware (all versions up to v3.2.7-210907-180535) allows authenticated remote attackers to corrupt stack memory via the tempName argument of the /goform/getOneApConfTempEntry endpoint, with potential for arbitrary code execution on the device. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub, and the vendor did not respond to coordinated disclosure, leaving no patch path available. No CISA KEV listing exists, but the PoC availability combined with an unpatched network device significantly elevates practical risk for any exposed management interface.
Stack-based buffer overflow in UTT HiPER 1250GW firmware (all versions through 3.2.7-210907-180535) enables low-privileged remote attackers to corrupt stack memory and achieve arbitrary code execution by submitting an oversized value to the cipher parameter of the /goform/APSecurity_5g endpoint. A public proof-of-concept exploit is available on GitHub, materially increasing opportunistic abuse risk. No vendor patch exists - the vendor failed to respond to responsible disclosure - leaving no fix-based remediation path at time of analysis.
Stack-based buffer overflow in OpenSIPS versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to crash worker processes by exploiting the watcherinfo XML generation path in the presence module. The attacker sends a SIP SUBSCRIBE with a From URI exceeding 200 characters, establishing an oversized watcher entry, then triggers presence.winfo generation to overflow a fixed-size stack buffer in create_winfo_xml() within notify.c. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, but the unauthenticated network vector and straightforward two-step attack path make this a credible denial-of-service risk for any SIP infrastructure exposing presence services.
Remote unauthenticated denial of service in Systerel S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3 is exploitable via the OPC UA AddNodes service, triggering a classic buffer overflow (CWE-120) in address_space_bs.c and sopc_node_mgt_helper_internal.c that crashes the server. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) confirms this is reachable from the network without credentials or user interaction, making it trivially automatable against exposed OPC UA endpoints. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, though the impact is particularly acute in OT/ICS environments where S2OPC is deployed, as availability loss in industrial control infrastructure can translate to physical process disruption.
Heap-based buffer overflow in lib60870-C 2.4.0 affects the server-side FileSegment ASDU encoding path, where FileSegment_encode() checks only the standalone segment length via FileSegment_GetMaxDataSize() but never verifies remaining capacity in the current ASDU frame before writing object fields and segment data. In IEC 60870-5-101/104 telecontrol servers using the library's file transfer functionality, this out-of-bounds heap write can corrupt memory, enabling denial of service and potentially remote code execution. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is tracked upstream as issue #201 against the current 2.4.0 release.
Denial-of-service via buffer overflow in open62541 v1.5.5 allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to crash an OPC UA server by sending a crafted Service_Call request with malformed input arguments. The flaw resides in the method-call service handler (ua_services_method.c), where input arguments are validated against runtime-resolved InputArguments metadata without proper bounds enforcement. No active exploitation or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the network-accessible attack surface and zero-privilege requirement make this a meaningful availability risk for any OPC UA server deployment based on this library version.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Systerel S2OPC 1.7.3 enables remote denial of service against OPC UA client applications. A malicious or compromised OPC UA server can send a crafted DeleteMonitoredItemsResponse message that triggers an overflow in LockedStaMac_ProcessMsg_DeleteMonitoredItemsResponse and SOPC_StaMac_NewDeleteMonitoredItems within the client_wrapper state machine, crashing the client process. No public exploit or active exploitation has been identified at time of analysis, though source code references confirm the vulnerable code path exists in the published repository.
Out-of-bounds read in S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3's RepublishResponse message handler enables unauthenticated remote attackers to crash the OPC UA service via a crafted network message, resulting in denial of service. The vulnerable code paths span the subscription publish service layer (msg_subscription_publish_bs.c, msg_subscription_publish_ack_bs.c) and the common encoder module (sopc_encoder.c). No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis, but the CVSS:3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N vector indicates low-barrier remote exploitation requiring no authentication against reachable OPC UA endpoints.
Heap-based buffer overflow in Systerel S2OPC Toolkit 1.7.3 enables remote denial of service by sending a crafted OPC UA PublishResponse containing malformed EventNotificationList data to the Alarm/Conditions client wrapper. The affected code paths - libs2opc_client_alarm_conditions.c, state_machine.c, and sopc_event_manager.c - process incoming subscription notification data without adequate bounds checking, allowing a malicious or compromised OPC UA server to crash any connected S2OPC client. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and no CISA KEV listing; however, the CVSS 7.5/High rating and unauthenticated network vector make this a meaningful risk in OPC UA-enabled industrial environments.
Memory corruption in the OpenSIPS SIP server (versions prior to 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1) lets remote attackers overflow a fixed 1024-byte global buffer via an oversized SIP URI username, deterministically corrupting adjacent global state such as the disable_503_translation flag and altering the server's routing behavior for subsequent messages. Exploitation requires that the deployed routing script pass an attacker-controlled username into construct_uri(); where that pattern exists, the flaw affects integrity and availability without authentication. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, no CISA KEV listing, and no EPSS score was provided.
Heap-based buffer overflow in open62541 1.5.5 allows unauthenticated remote attackers to crash an OPC UA server by sending a crafted HistoryRead request when the default memory backend is in use, resulting in denial of service. The CVSS vector confirms network-accessible, unauthenticated exploitation with no interaction required, and SSVC classifies it as automatable with a proof-of-concept available. Despite these concerning attributes, EPSS at 0.14% (4th percentile) and absence from CISA KEV indicate limited real-world exploitation activity at time of analysis.
Remote denial-of-service in open62541 v1.5.5 is achievable by exploiting a buffer overflow in the OPC UA Discovery/Local Discovery Server (LDS) handling code. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a specially crafted OPC UA discovery request to crash the affected server process, resulting in full availability loss. No public exploit code has been confirmed and this vulnerability has not been added to the CISA KEV catalog at the time of analysis.
SIP message smuggling in OpenSIPS via unsigned integer overflow in TCP Content-Length parsing enables unauthenticated remote attackers to inject arbitrary SIP messages that bypass front-end SBC and proxy security policies, inherit connection authentication context, and evade rate limiting. All OpenSIPS instances with any TCP-based transport enabled (proto_tcp, proto_tls, proto_ws, proto_wss) running versions prior to 3.6.6 or 4.0.0-rc1 are affected, with no routing-script preconditions required. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the attack requires only a single malformed packet against a default TCP-enabled configuration.
Adjacent-buffer overflow in OpenSIPS 3.4.0-beta through 3.6.5 and 4.0.0-beta arises in the {s.b64encode} string transformation, where the size check only validates that the input fits the 64 KB transformation buffer but ignores the ~33% expansion that base64 encoding introduces. Remote attackers can send a SIP message with a header value of roughly 50,000+ bytes to overflow the buffer by up to 21,844 bytes into an adjacent transformation buffer, corrupting values used by chained transformations on the same message; exploitability hinges on the routing script applying {s.b64encode} to attacker-controlled input. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV; a vendor patch is available in 3.6.6 and 4.0.0-rc1.
Remote code execution and denial of service in OpenSIPS SIP server (versions 4.0.0 and prior) arises from a stack buffer overflow in the sip_to_json() function, where an attacker-controlled SIP header name longer than 255 bytes is memcpy'd into a fixed 255-byte stack buffer. Because both the length and content of the overwrite are attacker-controlled, a single unauthenticated UDP packet to SIP port 5060 can crash the process or, on builds lacking stack protections, hijack the saved return address for RCE. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; the issue was not fixed at publication, making this an unpatched flaw affecting any deployment whose routing script invokes sip_to_json().
Remote code execution in Keysight IxChariot Endpoint and related Keysight network-test products (Hawkeye, IxTap, IxProbe, IxBypass) allows an unauthenticated attacker to run arbitrary code with administrative privileges by sending a single specially crafted packet. The flaw is a classic stack-based buffer overflow reachable over the network with no user interaction (CVSS 4.0 9.3). No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the trivial attack complexity and lack of any authentication make it a high-priority patch for any environment running these test tools.
Out-of-bounds read in SSSD's PAM responder allows a local low-privileged attacker to crash the SSSD process and disclose sensitive memory contents by sending a crafted protocol v1 authentication request. Affected systems span all major Red Hat Enterprise Linux releases (6 through 10) and OpenShift Container Platform 4, representing a broad footprint in enterprise Linux environments. No active exploitation is confirmed (not listed in CISA KEV), and the EPSS score of 0.14% at the 3rd percentile reflects a very low observed exploitation probability at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds write in the multimodal serving topology of NVIDIA Dynamo for Linux allows remote unauthenticated attackers to corrupt memory, with a rated 9.8 CVSS potentially enabling remote code execution, privilege escalation, data tampering, information disclosure, and denial of service. NVIDIA (the reporting vendor) rates it critical with a network-reachable, no-privilege, no-interaction vector. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, so the score reflects potential rather than observed impact.
Out-of-bounds write in NVIDIA Dynamo for Linux enables remote unauthenticated attackers to cause denial of service or tamper with data via network-reachable attack surface, scoring CVSS 8.2 High. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) indicates no authentication, no special conditions, and no user interaction are required for exploitation. No public exploit code has been identified and CISA KEV listing is absent at time of analysis, but self-disclosure by NVIDIA and a High CVSS score warrant prompt patching in AI inference infrastructure environments.
Buffer overflow in the TP-Link Tapo P110 v1 smart plug's HTTP request handling allows an adjacent-network attacker to crash the web service process, resulting in a denial-of-service condition. The device's web service performs a memory copy of HTTP request body data without validating input length against the destination buffer, enabling an oversized payload to corrupt adjacent memory regions. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing exists at time of analysis; a vendor-released firmware patch is available via the TP-Link download portal.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon's fastboot command handler for audio framework configuration allows an attacker with physical USB access to a device in bootloader mode to send malformed input and trigger memory corruption with cross-scope impact - potentially reaching privileged firmware or TrustZone-adjacent components (S:C in the CVSS vector). The full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (C:H/I:H/A:H) indicates the compromise can extend beyond the vulnerable component itself. No public exploit code exists and no CISA KEV entry is present at time of analysis.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon Wi-Fi/NAN firmware allows an attacker within wireless range to overflow a stack buffer by sending Neighbor Awareness Networking (NAN) Service Discovery Frames whose Device Capability Extended attributes carry invalid length values (CWE-121). With CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N and a scope-changed 9.6 score, an unauthenticated adjacent attacker can achieve high-impact compromise potentially crossing from the wireless subsystem into the host. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not on CISA KEV.
Transient denial of service in Qualcomm Snapdragon's Wi-Fi 6 stack allows adjacent, unauthenticated attackers to crash affected devices by transmitting a malformed Target Wake Time (TWT) channel usage response frame with an undersized packet payload. The CVSS scope change (S:C) indicates the crash propagates beyond the Wi-Fi subsystem to impact the broader host environment. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon IOCTL device driver handling enables a local low-privilege attacker to achieve full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact on the affected system. The flaw (CWE-822: Untrusted Pointer Dereference) allows a process to supply invalid pointer arguments via IOCTL calls that the driver dereferences without adequate validation, corrupting kernel memory. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis; however, kernel-level driver bugs in Snapdragon have historically been chained with initial-access exploits to achieve full Android device compromise.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon's fingerprint Trusted Application (TA) allows a local low-privileged attacker to corrupt memory by sending malformed request parameters, resulting in full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability resides within the TrustZone Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), making successful exploitation particularly severe as it targets the secure world isolated from the Android normal world. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis, but the EPSS signal is absent from available data.
Memory corruption in Qualcomm Snapdragon platforms occurs when a packet with a size value near the maximum allowable limit is processed, triggering an integer overflow (CWE-190) that leads to a buffer overflow condition. Affected Snapdragon chipsets - used extensively in Android smartphones, IoT, and automotive platforms - are exposed to local exploitation with low privileges, yielding high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact. No public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing are identified at time of analysis; the vulnerability was disclosed via Qualcomm's August 2026 Security Bulletin.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Autodesk FBX SDK's fbxsdk::ExtractDrive function allows arbitrary code execution in the context of the current process when a user opens a maliciously crafted FBX file. Any application embedding the FBX SDK for 3D asset import - including game engines, VFX pipelines, and CAD tools - inherits this attack surface, making the blast radius broader than the SDK itself. No public exploit code or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the high-impact CVSS score (7.8) and RCE primitive make this a priority for organizations ingesting untrusted 3D content.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Autodesk FBX SDK's binary file parser allows arbitrary code execution when a user opens a maliciously crafted FBX file. The vulnerable function `fbxsdk::FbxIO::BinaryReadSectionHeader` fails to properly bound-check attacker-controlled data from binary section headers, overflowing the call stack and enabling control-flow hijacking in the context of the host process. Any application embedding the affected SDK version - including Autodesk DCC tools and third-party game engine editors - is exposed when users import FBX assets from untrusted sources; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Heap-buffer-overflow vulnerabilities in GIMP's APNG file loader and DDS plug-in allow code execution when a user opens a specially crafted image file. The APNG flaw is triggered when the fcTL chunk width exceeds the IHDR width, causing pixel data to overwrite memory beyond the heap allocation; the DDS flaw stems from a bits-per-pixel mismatch in load_layer(). Both affect GIMP as packaged on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 through 9. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV.
Buffer overflow in open62541 1.5.5's Local Discovery Server (LDS) enables an unauthenticated remote attacker to crash the discovery service by sending a RegisterServer or RegisterServer2 request containing an abnormally large number of unique discoveryUrls, but only when the MDNSD multicast discovery backend is enabled at build time. The impact is a denial of service (A:H) with no confidentiality or integrity exposure. No active exploitation is confirmed (not in CISA KEV) and no public exploit code is identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in open62541 1.5.5 allows a malicious OPC UA server to crash connecting clients via a crafted namespace array response. The flaw resides in the client-side connection handler responseReadNamespacesArray() in src/client/ua_client_connect.c, triggered during the namespace discovery phase of the OPC UA session establishment. With a CVSS availability impact of High and no privileges required on the attacker side, the practical effect is a remotely-induced denial of service against any open62541-based OPC UA client that connects to an attacker-controlled server. No public exploit identified at time of analysis.
Remote code execution via buffer over-read in Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) versions prior to 151.0.4129.59 affects authenticated network attackers (PR:L per CVSS). The CWE-126 flaw allows an authorized attacker to corrupt memory and execute arbitrary code within the browser process over a network channel. No active exploitation is confirmed (not listed in CISA KEV, SSVC exploitation=none), and EPSS of 1.00% at the 59th percentile reflects above-median but still modest real-world exploitation probability.
Heap-based out-of-bounds write in the Zephyr RTOS hawkBit OTA update client (versions 2.4.0 through <4.5.0) allows a malicious or compromised hawkBit update server to corrupt device heap memory by sending a crafted HTTP response body. The off-by-one flaw in response_json_cb() allocates exactly the response body length with no room for the NUL terminator, writing one byte past the heap object and corrupting adjacent allocator metadata. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, but the SSVC framework rates this as automatable and the trigger is deterministic in Zephyr v4.0.0 and later for any response body exceeding 1100 bytes - a size normal for hawkBit deployment metadata.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Wavlink's lighttpd-based web interface allows network-adjacent authenticated attackers to achieve arbitrary code execution on at least thirteen SOHO router and range-extender models running firmware through 20260609. The vulnerable code path is the strcpy call within upload.cgi, which copies the HTTP_COOKIE request header into a fixed-size stack buffer without length validation. Publicly available exploit code exists on GitHub (0xcc12138/WAVLINK-vul); no CISA KEV listing is present, but the disclosed POC materially lowers the exploitation barrier for opportunistic actors targeting consumer networking gear.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Wavlink WL-NU516U1 NAS device's nas.cgi password change handler allows remote unauthenticated attackers to potentially execute arbitrary code by supplying an oversized User1Passwd argument to the change_password function. Affecting the MT7628 firmware variant (708c073-mt7628), this carries a CVSS 4.0 score of 8.9 with full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact and no privileges or user interaction required. A public proof-of-concept has been published and a vendor-released firmware patch is available as of 2026-07-13; no confirmed CISA KEV listing at time of analysis.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Wavlink WL-NU516U1 (firmware 708c073-mt7628) router's nas.cgi handler lets remote unauthenticated attackers overflow a fixed-size stack buffer by manipulating the HTTP CONTENT_LENGTH value processed via fgets. Successful exploitation can crash the device or execute arbitrary code with full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. A public write-up (GitHub report2.md) exists, but the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV - no public weaponized exploit is confirmed at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in MediaTek modem firmware across 19 chipsets enables remote denial of service when a User Equipment (UE) is connected to an attacker-controlled rogue base station. The flaw stems from a missing bounds check (CWE-125) in modem protocol processing, crashing or disrupting the modem without requiring any user interaction or device-side privileges. No active exploitation is confirmed (no CISA KEV listing), and EPSS probability is very low at 0.21% (11th percentile), consistent with SSVC's 'exploitation: none' status - though the attack is classified as automatable once rogue infrastructure is in place.
Heap-based buffer overflow in the MediaTek WLAN AP driver enables an adjacent-network attacker to escalate privileges without credentials or user interaction on chipsets MT7986, MT7916, MT7915, MT7981, and MT6890. The missing bounds check in the driver's AP-mode frame processing allows memory corruption that yields high confidentiality and integrity impact on the affected device. No public exploit has been identified and EPSS remains very low at 0.17%, though SSVC rates technical impact as total - underscoring the severity if a capable, range-proximate attacker develops working exploit code.
Stack buffer over-read and stray one-byte NUL write in Zephyr RTOS's experimental OCPP 1.6 client allow a malicious or compromised OCPP central server - or an on-path attacker exploiting the commonly unencrypted ws:// transport - to crash a connected embedded device by sending a crafted WAMP RPC frame with an oversized uid or action field. The vulnerable helper extract_string_field() uses strncpy() without guaranteeing NUL-termination, causing a subsequent strchr() call to scan unbounded into adjacent stack memory; a secondary defect in extract_payload() compounds this on maximal-length frames. No active exploitation has been confirmed by CISA KEV, but SSVC classification indicates publicly available proof-of-concept code, and EPSS sits at a low 0.19% (10th percentile), consistent with a niche embedded RTOS attack surface.
Integer overflow in FreeRDP's audio input redirection channel (audin) across ALSA, sndio, WinMM, and OpenSL ES backends affects all versions before 3.29.0, exploitable by a malicious or compromised RDP server. The server can supply a crafted FramesPerPacket value that causes allocation size wraparound, leading to a heap-based buffer overflow on Linux/ALSA - potentially enabling code execution - or denial of service on all supported platforms. No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at the time of analysis; vendor-released patch (3.29.0) is available.
Heap-based buffer overflow in FreeRDP's Windows clipboard client (versions ≤ 3.29.0) allows a malicious or compromised RDP server to write attacker-controlled data beyond the bounds of a paste consumer's heap allocation. The flaw in CliprdrStream_Read trusts the server-supplied response length (req_fsize) rather than the caller-supplied buffer bound (cb), so any OLE paste consumer such as explorer.exe that calls IStream::Read against server-offered clipboard file contents can have its heap corrupted. No active exploitation has been confirmed (not in CISA KEV), no public exploit code has been identified, and a fix is available in FreeRDP 3.30.0.
Heap buffer overflow in FreeRDP's server-side RAIL channel handler (versions ≤ 3.28.0) allows any connecting RDP client to crash the FreeRDP server process through a crafted RAIL PDU. The root cause is an unchecked subtraction of RAIL_PDU_HEADER_LENGTH from a client-controlled orderLength field in rail_server_handle_messages(); values 0-3 cause an unsigned integer underflow to a very large size, which causes pointer arithmetic wraparound that defeats the Stream_EnsureRemainingCapacity() guard, ultimately triggering an out-of-bounds heap write via WTSVirtualChannelRead(). No public exploit or active exploitation (CISA KEV) has been identified at time of analysis; a vendor patch is available in FreeRDP 3.29.0.
Heap out-of-bounds read in FreeRDP's glyph cache subsystem (versions <= 3.28.0) allows a malicious or compromised RDP server to crash any connecting FreeRDP client by sending a GLYPH_FRAGMENT_ADD update with a server-controlled declared fragment size that exceeds the actual received buffer. The vulnerability exists because update_process_glyph_fragments() and glyph_cache_fragment_put() in libfreerdp/cache/glyph.c read a one-byte declared size and proceed to allocate and copy that many bytes without first validating that the declared size fits within the remaining data in the received packet. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 with AV:N/AC:L/PR:N reflects trivial remote exploitation requiring only a client connection to a rogue server.
Heap use-after-free in FreeRDP's asynchronous update message proxy (all versions before 3.29.0) enables a malicious or compromised RDP server to crash the connecting client or induce memory corruption by sending crafted RAIL WINDOW_STATE_ORDER and NOTIFY_ICON_STATE_ORDER update packets. The vulnerability surfaces only when the AsyncUpdate option is enabled on the client, limiting but not eliminating real-world exposure given the feature's performance benefits and common usage. Vendor-released patch version 3.29.0 is available; no public exploit code and no CISA KEV listing have been identified at time of analysis.
Heap use-after-free in FreeRDP's async update message proxy allows a malicious or compromised RDP server to crash the client and corrupt heap memory through a crafted RAIL WINDOW_ORDER_ICON message. The flaw is gated on the AsyncUpdate feature being explicitly enabled via the /async-update flag - a non-default client configuration - which limits real-world exposure relative to the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7. All FreeRDP versions prior to 3.29.0 (CPE: cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*) are affected; no public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Out-of-bounds read in FreeRDP's async update message proxy exposes clients to memory disclosure or process crash when connecting to a malicious or compromised RDP server with AsyncUpdate enabled. The flaw is in update_message_PolygonSC() and update_message_PolygonCB(), which allocate a fresh points array but copy data from the enclosing order structure's base address rather than from the correct ->points member, reading adjacent heap memory. All FreeRDP versions before 3.29.0 are affected; no CISA KEV listing and no public exploit code exist at time of analysis.
Heap-based remote code execution in the FreeRDP Windows client (all versions before 3.29.0) is triggered when a user pastes clipboard content sourced from a malicious RDP server. The client fails to validate the server-supplied data size in CLIPRDR_FILE_CONTENTS_RESPONSE PDUs against the destination buffer, allowing an oversized payload to corrupt heap memory. A publicly available vendor advisory (GHSA-cj9v-h4hq-29jr, reported by VulnCheck) documents the flaw; no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Heap out-of-bounds read in FreeRDP's TSMF FFmpeg decoder allows a malicious RDP server to crash connecting client processes by sending malformed AVC1 MPEG2VIDEOINFO media type data with undersized ExtraData buffers. All FreeRDP releases prior to 3.29.0 are affected (CPE cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*), with the root cause being fixed-offset heap reads in the media format parser that proceed without validating source buffer length - a CWE-125 pattern. No CISA KEV listing or public exploit code has been identified at time of analysis; the vendor has released a patch at version 3.29.0 and the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.7 reflects high availability impact with no confidentiality or integrity consequence per the provided vector.
Arbitrary code execution in Adobe Premiere Pro stems from an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) triggered when processing a specially crafted media or project file, running code in the context of the logged-in user. The attack is file-based and local, requiring an adversary to socially engineer a victim - a realistic threat vector for creative professionals who routinely receive media files from external sources. No public exploit code has been identified and the vulnerability is not listed in CISA KEV at time of analysis, but the high CVSS impact metrics (C:H/I:H/A:H) indicate full user-level compromise upon successful exploitation.
Heap memory disclosure in Coturn 4.5.2-4.14.0 allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to extract up to ~870 bytes of adjacent process heap per request by sending a single HTTP GET to the ACME redirect plaintext TCP listener. The leaked memory originates from recycled, unzeroed network receive buffers and on busy relay servers can contain TURN credentials, OAuth tokens, or relayed session payloads from concurrent clients. Exploitation is trivially automatable against the affected configuration; no public exploit identified at time of analysis beyond the proof-of-concept test case shipped with the advisory.
Use-after-free in the Zephyr RTOS Bluetooth GATT client stack allows an adjacent Bluetooth peer acting as a GATT server to crash a Zephyr device or potentially redirect its execution by replying to a CCC-write with an ATT Error Response. The defect is a callback-ordering bug in gatt_write_ccc_rsp(): the API-documented termination signal notify(NULL) was emitted before subscribe(), so applications that free or recycle bt_gatt_subscribe_params in their termination handler dereference a dangling function pointer. No public exploit code or CISA KEV entry exists; a vendor patch commit is available but a specific tagged release version has not been confirmed.
Remote unauthenticated denial of service in 389 Directory Server (389-ds-base, shipped as Red Hat Directory Server 11-13 and within RHEL 6-10) allows an attacker to crash the LDAP daemon by sending a crafted replication extended operation. The flaw is a stack buffer overflow in the RUV parsing path that triggers during payload decoding before any authorization check, so no credentials are needed. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; stack protectors constrain the outcome to a server crash rather than code execution.
Remote code execution via stack-based buffer overflow in Advantech ADAM-3600 EdgeLink's Cookie parsing logic affects all firmware versions prior to 2.8.5.1, exploitable by unauthenticated network attackers when the SafeEnhancement feature is enabled. The vulnerability (CWE-121) allows arbitrary code execution on the edge controller, an OT/IIoT device typically deployed in industrial automation environments. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS sits at 0.14% (4th percentile), though the industrial attack surface warrants heightened concern due to the operational consequences of device compromise. Notably, the provided CVSS vector (C:H/I:N/A:N) is inconsistent with the described code execution impact - a discrepancy that should be verified with the vendor.
Remote code execution in Advantech ADAM-3600 EdgeLink industrial edge controllers is possible through a stack-based buffer overflow in the device's log message handling functionality, exploitable by unauthenticated network attackers on versions prior to 2.8.5.1. Reported by the Cyber Security Agency of Singapore (CSA), the vulnerability carries a CWE-121 classification - a well-understood root cause class with a history of weaponizable exploits, particularly in embedded and OT/ICS devices. No public exploit has been identified at time of analysis, and EPSS sits at 0.14% (4th percentile), though the network-accessible, unauthenticated nature of the flaw and the industrial deployment context elevate operational risk above what the percentile alone suggests.
Stack-based buffer overflow in Advantech ADAM-3600 EdgeLink's password handling routine enables unauthenticated remote code execution when the SafeEnhancement feature is active. All firmware versions prior to 2.8.5.1 are affected. No public exploit or CISA KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis, but the network-accessible, zero-authentication attack surface on an industrial IoT edge device warrants prompt patching given OT environment exposure.
Stack-based buffer overflow in the Tenda W6-S wireless router (firmware 1.0.0.4(510)) lets remote attackers corrupt stack memory by sending oversized 'GO' and 'index' parameters to the /goform/wifiSSIDset endpoint, where the formwrlSSIDset handler copies them into a fixed 64-byte buffer via unbounded sprintf. Successful exploitation can crash the device or achieve arbitrary code execution with full impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Publicly available exploit code exists in the form of a detailed technical write-up, though there is no public exploit identified as weaponized and no confirmed active exploitation.
Denial-of-service in an IEC 61850 GOOSE subscriber component allows an adjacent, unauthenticated attacker on the same Layer-2 network to crash the message-processing process by sending a crafted GOOSE frame (EtherType 0x88B8) with an undersized UTC timestamp field, triggering a heap out-of-bounds read (CWE-125). The flaw was reported by DHS ICS-CERT and documented in CISA ICS advisory ICSA-26-211-10; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the CVSS 4.0 vector scores availability impact only (VA:H) with no confidentiality or integrity effect.
Denial-of-service in an IEC 61850 GOOSE subscriber implementation allows an attacker with access to the substation process bus to crash the subscriber process using a single unauthenticated Layer-2 multicast frame. An off-by-one boundary error in the GOOSE parser triggers a heap out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that reliably terminates the process. No public exploit identified at time of analysis; this is not listed in CISA KEV, and no EPSS score was provided.
Denial-of-service in an IEC 61850 MMS (Manufacturing Message Specification) protocol implementation allows an attacker with an established MMS session to crash the MMS handling process by sending a malformed BER-encoded confirmed-request message over TCP port 102. The flaw is a heap out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the BER decoder's boundary handling. No public exploit or active exploitation is identified at time of analysis; the CVSS 4.0 score of 7.1 reflects a high availability impact with low required privileges and no user interaction.
Heap buffer over-read in MZ Automation GmbH's libiec61850 (versions prior to 1.6.2) allows an unauthenticated adjacent-network attacker to crash the MMS service process by sending a crafted BER-encoded message with an invalid length value in a BOOLEAN or INTEGER field. The MMS BER decoder performs no bounds validation on the attacker-supplied length, causing a read past the end of a heap-allocated buffer and subsequent process termination. CISA ICS-CERT issued advisory ICSA-26-211-10 for this vulnerability; no public exploit code or KEV listing has been identified at time of analysis.
Denial-of-service in MZ Automation's libiec61850 (versions before 1.6.2) allows an unauthenticated attacker on the process bus to crash IEC 61850 subscriber processes with a single crafted GOOSE frame. The GOOSE payload parser mishandles nested length fields, so an inner element length that exceeds its enclosing length forces a one-byte out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) that reliably terminates the subscriber. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and it is not listed in CISA KEV; the CISA ICS advisory (ICSA-26-211-10) and a vendor patch are available.
Remote unauthenticated denial of service in MZ Automation's libiec61850 (all versions before 1.6.2) allows an attacker to crash IEC 61850/MMS server processes by opening a crafted TCP/102 connection. The flaw sits in the ISO Presentation layer's normal-mode negotiation, where a missing length check on an attacker-controlled zero-length field triggers a bounded heap out-of-bounds read that terminates the process before any MMS session is even established. No public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not on CISA KEV, but the pre-authentication network reach and low complexity make it a credible availability threat to exposed OT/ICS devices.
Heap buffer overflow in GoAccess 1.10.2's parse_browser() routine lets a remote attacker corrupt or crash the analyzer by planting a crafted User-Agent string in a web server access log that an operator later processes. Because the code assumes any Opera-matched token starts with the literal 'Opera' and relocates the trailing version substring to a fixed match+5 offset, a specially formed UA drives a memmove that writes one to four attacker-influenced bytes past a heap allocation. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the flaw is fixed in version 1.11.
Integer overflow in the UA_Variant arrayDimensions product computation in open62541 (versions 1.3.0-1.3.18, 1.4.0-1.4.17, 1.5.0-1.5.5) enables a remote attacker to trigger an out-of-bounds heap write, with potential for denial of service or arbitrary code execution in industrial OPC UA servers and gateways. CISA coordinated disclosure as ICSA-26-211-08 on 2026-07-30, citing risk to critical manufacturing, energy, and transportation infrastructure sectors worldwide. No public exploit identified at time of analysis - PoC code exists but was withheld at o6 Automation's request; the CVE is not in CISA KEV.
Stack-based buffer overflow in IBM Db2's setgid helper binary db2flacc allows a local user with low privileges to overwrite the stack frame and execute arbitrary code with the elevated group permissions of the binary. Both Db2 11.5.x (through 11.5.9) and 12.1.x (through 12.1.4) are affected. No public exploit has been identified and exploitation status is confirmed as none per SSVC, though IBM has released a patch and the SSVC technical impact is rated total, warranting prompt remediation on shared-access Db2 hosts.
OS memory integrity compromise and hypervisor denial of service in IBM PowerVM Hypervisor (firmware FW950, FW1060, and FW1110 families) allows a low-privileged actor inside a logical partition to issue a carefully crafted hypervisor call that crashes the PowerVM hypervisor or corrupts OS memory. Because the flaw crosses the partition-to-hypervisor trust boundary (CVSS scope change), a single guest partition can impact the integrity and availability of the shared virtualization layer serving other partitions. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV; IBM, the reporter, has released a fix.
Information disclosure and host-process Denial-of-Service affects VMware ESX, Workstation, and Fusion via an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) reachable by an actor holding VM deployment privileges. On ESX the flaw can crash or leak memory from the host VMX process (a guest-to-host scope crossing), while on Workstation and Fusion the impact is limited to information disclosure. Reported by VMware/Broadcom with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and no CISA KEV listing.
Guest-to-host escape in VMware ESX (and the ESX component of Cloud Foundation, vSphere Foundation, and Telco Cloud Platform) lets an attacker with administrative privileges inside a virtual machine execute code on the underlying hypervisor host via an out-of-bounds write in the VMXNET3 virtual network adapter. Only VMs configured with the VMXNET3 adapter are affected; other virtual NIC types are not. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV, but the vendor-issued Broadcom/VMware advisory and the CVSS 9.3 score reflect a critical host-compromise impact.
Out-of-bounds write in PHP's BCMath bccomp() function allows attacker-controlled inputs to corrupt stack and heap memory in PHP 8.4.x before 8.4.24 and 8.5.x before 8.5.9, with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact per the vendor CVSS 4.0 score of 8.1. Exploitation requires an application to pass attacker-influenced values into bccomp() with the BCMath extension enabled; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis (CVSS E:U, no KEV listing). Memory corruption of this class can lead to crashes and, potentially, arbitrary code execution within the PHP process.
Denial of service (and potentially remote code execution) affects the File Explorer component of ASUSTOR's ADM operating system across ADM 4.1.0-4.3.3.RUN1 and 5.0.0-5.1.3.RI81, where a stack-based buffer overflow (CWE-121) lets an authenticated network attacker crash the underlying CGI process by supplying oversized decoded input. Only DoS is vendor-confirmed; the advisory notes further impact may be possible depending on runtime protections, and the vendor-assigned CVSS 4.0 of 8.7 assumes full confidentiality/integrity/availability compromise. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and it is not listed in CISA KEV.
Out-of-bounds memory read in the Dawn (WebGPU) component of Google Chrome before 151.0.7922.72 lets a remote attacker read memory outside intended bounds when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. Google's Chrome team reported it and a fixed Stable-channel build is available; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS exploitation probability is low (0.17%, 7th percentile). Notably, Chromium internally rated the security severity 'Low' even though the NVD-style CVSS base score is 8.1, so real-world impact is likely narrower than the raw score implies.
Out-of-bounds memory access in Google Chrome's Frame component affects all Desktop builds prior to 151.0.7922.72, letting a remote attacker read memory outside intended bounds when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. Chromium rated the underlying flaw Low severity, yet NVD scores it 8.8 (High) and tags flag potential RCE; there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis and EPSS is a low 0.18% (8th percentile). A vendor patch is available and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Google Chrome's WebRTC component (versions prior to 151.0.7922.72) lets a remote attacker disclose heap memory when a victim opens a crafted HTML page. The flaw is a CWE-122 heap buffer overflow that Chromium itself rated Low severity, with no public exploit identified at time of analysis and an EPSS probability of 0.19% (9th percentile). CISA's SSVC assessment records no observed exploitation and marks the issue as not automatable, though technical impact is rated total.
Remote code execution in Google Chrome desktop before 151.0.7922.72 arises from a heap buffer overflow in the browser's media Codecs component (CWE-122), letting a remote attacker who serves a crafted HTML page corrupt heap memory and run arbitrary code - though execution is confined inside the renderer sandbox rather than the host OS. Google rates the Chromium severity as Low despite the NVD-style 8.8 CVSS, and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low at 0.24% (15th percentile) and CISA SSVC lists exploitation as none. A vendor patch is available in the 151.0.7922.72 stable channel release.
Out-of-bounds memory read in Chrome's WebXR component allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive renderer process memory or crash the browser tab by luring a victim to a crafted HTML page. All Google Chrome releases prior to 151.0.7922.72 are affected across all platforms, with the vendor confirming a patch in the stable channel update. No public exploit identified at time of analysis, and an EPSS of 0.18% (8th percentile) indicates low near-term exploitation probability despite the high CVSS base score of 8.1.
Sandbox escape in Google Chrome's media codec handling affects all Chrome desktop builds prior to 151.0.7922.72, where an integer overflow while parsing a maliciously crafted video file can let a remote attacker break out of the renderer sandbox. Exploitation requires the victim to load attacker-controlled media (UI:R), and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; EPSS is low (0.17%, 6th percentile) and the flaw is not on CISA KEV. Notably, Chromium's own triage rated this 'Medium' severity, which conflicts with the NVD-style 9.6 Critical score.