Attack ChainAIDerived
Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain
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AccessLure victim to malicious RDP server
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DeliveryDeliver crafted server-side RDP response
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ExploitTrigger use-after-free in client
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ExecutionWin race and execute arbitrary code
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ImpactCompromise user's workstation
Vulnerability Assessment
| Weakness |
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK
2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up. |
| Exploitation Conditions | Exploitation requires the victim to establish a Remote Desktop session to an attacker-controlled or compromised RDP server (the UI:R interaction) - this is a client-side flaw, not a server listening-service bug, so an exposed RDP listener is not the attack surface. The attacker must also deliver specially crafted server-side RDP protocol data and win the use-after-free race condition reflected by AC:H, making reliable exploitation non-trivial. Limiting factors that reduce real-world risk: mandatory user interaction (connecting outbound), high attack complexity, and that no privileges are needed on the client but the attacker gains only the connecting user's context (S:U, no scope change). There is no indication of special non-default client configuration being required. |
| Impact | This is a client-side remote code execution flaw (CWE-416 use-after-free) in the Windows Remote Desktop Client, and the signals point to a meaningful-but-not-emergency priority. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R) confirms a network vector reachable by an unauthenticated attacker, but exploitation is gated by two important brakes: high attack complexity (AC:H, consistent with winning the race window typical of use-after-free bugs) and required user interaction (UI:R), meaning the victim must initiate an RDP session to an attacker-controlled or compromised server. CISA's SSVC decision data reinforces the measured view: Exploitation=none (no observed in-the-wild activity), Automatable=no (mass/scripted exploitation is not practical, aligning with UI:R + AC:H), and Technical Impact=total (full C:H/I:H/A:H compromise of the client host if successful). No EPSS score and no KEV listing were provided, and no public exploit is indicated - so the real-world exploitation signals are currently low despite the serious total technical impact. Note one metadata tension to verify: the input Tags include 'Denial Of Service,' yet both the description and CVSS impact metrics describe full code execution, so DoS appears to understate the actual impact. Net: treat as a priority patch for environments where users initiate RDP connections (especially to untrusted or internet-reachable hosts), but it is not a drop-everything mass-exploitation threat at time of analysis. |
| Exploit ScenarioDerived | An attacker stands up a malicious or compromised RDP server and lures a user into connecting to it (e.g., via a crafted .rdp file, phishing link, or a man-in-the-middle on an existing session). Malformed server-side RDP responses trigger a use-after-free in the Remote Desktop Client, giving the attacker arbitrary code execution in the context of the connecting user. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the high attack complexity (AC:H) means the attacker must reliably win the memory-reuse race. |
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Alert meAnalysisAIv1 – Oct 14, 2026
A use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Windows Remote Desktop Client (mstsc.exe / RDP client stack) allows remote code execution in the security context of the connecting user when that user establishes an outbound RDP session to an attacker-controlled or compromised RDP server. Exploitation is unauthenticated with respect to the client (CVSS 3.1 PR:N) but requires user interaction (UI:R) and is rated high attack complexity (AC:H), because the attacker must deliver crafted server-side RDP protocol data and win a race condition over the freed object; the resulting impact is full compromise of confidentiality, integrity and availability within the user's own security scope (S:U, no privilege escalation to SYSTEM). Microsoft has released a vendor patch covering Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, exploitation has not been observed by CISA SSVC assessment (Exploitation: none, Automatable: no), and no public exploit code was identified at the time of analysis.
RemediationAI
Vendor-released patch: Microsoft has published fixes for CVE-2026-69986 through the MSRC update guide (https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-69986); apply the update applicable to each branch so the client build reaches at least the recorded fixed thresholds - 10.0.28000.3231 (Windows 11 26H1), 10.0.26300.9711 (26H2), 10.0.26200.9711 (Windows 11 25H2), 10.0.26100.9711 (Windows 11 24H2) or 10.0.26100.33650 (Windows Server 2025/Server Core), 10.0.22631.7652 (Windows 11 23H2), 10.0.19044.7807 (Windows 10 21H2/22H2), 10.0.17763.9376 (Windows 10 1809 and Windows Server 2019), 10.0.14393.9612 (Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2016), 10.0.20348.5761 (Windows Server 2022), 6.3.9600.23470 (Windows Server 2012 R2) and 6.2.9200.26434 (Windows Server 2012). Because this is a client-side defect rather than a listener bug, do not treat an exposed RDP service on the vulnerable host as the exposure path and do not rely on firewall filtering of inbound 3389 as a fix; the exposure is outbound connections to untrusted or compromised RDP servers, so the primary operational control is patching the client everywhere it exists, including servers and jump hosts that administrators use to initiate outbound sessions. Until patching is complete, restrict or prohibit outbound RDP to non-approved, fully trusted endpoints and treat any third-party or externally hosted RDP server as untrusted input; this is effective but breaks legitimate remote-access workflows and is impractical for IT support staff who routinely connect to varied hosts. Supplementary mitigations include enabling Windows Defender Exploit Protection mitigations (Control Flow Guard, Arbitrary Code Guard, and heap integrity options where compatible) for mstsc.exe, and disabling client-side resource redirection (clipboard, drive, printer and COM-port redirection) - these do not remove the use-after-free but reduce post-exploitation data theft and lateral movement, at the cost of functionality loss and occasional application instability. Running the client as a non-administrative standard user is worth enforcing since the assessed scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the attacker only inherits the connecting user's rights and not SYSTEM, so avoiding privileged RDP client sessions materially limits the blast radius. Note that SSVC rates Exploitation as none and Automatable as no, so this can be scheduled into normal patch cycles rather than treated as an emergency, while remaining prioritized given a total technical impact rating and CVSS 7.5.
Affected VersionsENISA
Affected Packages
Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)
Affects your stack
Affects 20 packages in euvd
Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.
Technical ContextAI · show details
The flaw is a use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Remote Desktop Protocol client-side implementation that ships across Windows client and server SKUs. Unlike most heavily-exploited RDP issues, this is a client-side parsing/memory-management defect: the vulnerable component is the code that consumes and processes RDP handshake and channel data received from the server, not the Remote Desktop Services listener (TermService/3389). During an outbound connection, the client handles server-supplied protocol structures and can free an object while a stale reference to it remains reachable; an attacker who controls the RDP endpoint can then shape heap activity so the freed memory is reused with attacker-influenced contents, redirecting execution through the dangling pointer - a classic use-after-free to memory-corruption chain that the advisory tags as Memory Corruption and Denial of Service, with technical impact assessed as total. The CVSS vector CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H encodes the key characteristics: network-reachable, no client-side authentication or privileges required, mandatory victim interaction, high complexity reflecting non-deterministic heap/race grooming, and unchanged scope, meaning code runs as the connecting user rather than SYSTEM. Because the same RDP client code is maintained in parallel branches for Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H2), and Windows Server 2012, 2012 R2, 2016, 2019, 2022 and 2025, the vulnerable surface is present on essentially the entire supported Windows estate, and each branch requires its own build-level update. EUVD records the fix as version thresholds per build (for example 10.0.26100.9711 for Windows 11 24H2, 10.0.19044.7807 for Windows 10 21H2/22H2, 10.0.17763.9376 for Windows Server 2019 and Windows 10 1809, and 10.0.14393.9612 for Windows Server 2016/Windows 10 1607).
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Severity by source
AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Client connects over the network to a malicious server (AV:N, UI:R), no auth needed (PR:N); use-after-free race gives AC:H, and successful RCE yields full C/I/A within the user's context (S:U).
Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).
CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft
Lifecycle Timeline
2DescriptionCVE.org
Use after free in Remote Desktop Client allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.
Executive ViewAI
The Windows Remote Desktop Client (mstsc.exe) is affected by a high-severity remote code execution vulnerability that can be triggered when a user initiates an outbound RDP connection to a malicious or compromised server, potentially allowing an attacker to compromise the user's session and access sensitive data. There is no public exploit identified at time of analysis, and a vendor patch is available; leadership should ensure that all affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 systems are updated promptly to mitigate risk to users who connect to external RDP endpoints.
Apply vendor patch.
Threat Intelligence Overview
How this decision was reached
The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.
What every action level means
SSVC AssessmentENISA
Priority Score
Attack Technique
Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.
Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.
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EUVD-2026-99845
GHSA-jpj8-pj36-4w62
NVD
CVE.org
EPSS
Vulnrichment
Exploit-DB