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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Gain authenticated local foothold (PR:L)
  2. Delivery
    Run crafted process targeting Secure Kernel Mode
  3. Exploit
    Trigger high-complexity disclosure condition
  4. Execution
    Read sensitive data across secure boundary
  5. Impact
    Use leaked system information for further escalation

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
OWASP Top 10:2025
A01:2025 - Broken Access Control
ASVS 5.0
V14 - Data Protection System info exposure prevention
Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already possess authenticated local access with at least low privileges (PR:L) on an affected Windows build, and to execute code against the Windows Secure Kernel Mode (VBS/VSM isolation) component. Exploitation is strongly limited by high attack complexity (AC:H) - per CISA SSVC the attack is not automatable and delivers only partial technical impact - implying reliance on difficult, likely timing- or state-dependent conditions rather than a simple deterministic call. There is no remote vector (AV:L) and no user interaction requirement (UI:N); impact is confined to disclosure of sensitive system information (C:H) with no integrity or availability effect. The flaw is only relevant on hosts where Secure Kernel Mode / virtualization-based security is present and the installed build predates the fixed versions listed in the EUVD data.

Impact

This is a genuinely moderate, not high-urgency, issue despite affecting a ubiquitous platform. The CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N, base 5.6) describes a locally-exploitable information disclosure requiring existing low-level privileges (PR:L) and a high-complexity attack (AC:H), meaning the attacker must already have an authenticated foothold and satisfy difficult, often race- or timing-dependent conditions. All real-world exploitation signals point the same direction and are mutually consistent: CISA's SSVC decision framework reports Exploitation=none, Automatable=no, and Technical Impact=partial, which aligns with the local vector, high complexity, and confidentiality-only (I:N/A:N) impact. There is no CISA KEV listing and no public proof-of-concept identified in the provided data, so there is no evidence of active exploitation. The scope change (S:C) is the most notable escalator - it reflects information crossing the Secure Kernel Mode trust boundary - but it does not change the fact that this is a disclosure-only, non-automatable, locally-gated flaw. Bottom line: a legitimate patch-management item (notable because of Windows' footprint) but NOT an emergency; it is a high-value-platform / low-real-risk combination rather than a priority zero-day.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already achieved authenticated, low-privileged local code execution on a Windows host runs a crafted program that abuses the Secure Kernel Mode flaw to read sensitive system information that should remain isolated behind the secure boundary. Because the attack is high-complexity (AC:H) and non-automatable per SSVC, it would require precise local conditions and would most plausibly be used as a post-compromise step to harvest secrets or defeat kernel isolation. No public exploit code was identified at the time of analysis.

This Month Plan within 30 days. Why: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9).
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Information disclosure in the Windows Secure Kernel Mode component lets a locally authenticated attacker with low privileges read sensitive system information that should remain isolated inside the hypervisor-protected secure kernel, affecting Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server 2016 through 2025 builds that predate Microsoft's fixed versions. Exploitation is constrained by high attack complexity and state-dependent conditions (CVSS AC:H, PR:L, AV:L), and there is no public exploit identified at time of analysis; CISA's SSVC assessment rates exploitation as none, the attack as non-automatable, and technical impact as partial. Microsoft has released patches, so this is a moderate-priority hardening item rather than an emergency response.

RemediationAI

Vendor-released patch: apply the current Microsoft cumulative update for the installed build, which brings affected systems to the fixed revisions cited in the EUVD advisory - 10.0.14393.9612 for Windows 10 1607 and Windows Server 2016, 10.0.17763.9376 for Windows 10 1809 and Windows Server 2019, 10.0.19044.7807 for Windows 10 21H2/22H2, 10.0.20348.5761 for Windows Server 2022, 10.0.26100.33650 for Windows Server 2025, 10.0.22631.7652 for Windows 11 23H2, 10.0.26100.9711 for Windows 11 24H2, 10.0.26200.9711 for Windows 11 25H2, 10.0.28000.3231 for Windows 11 26H1 and 10.0.26300.9711 for Windows 11 26H2, per https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-96865. Note that Windows 10 21H2/22H2 are beyond standard servicing, so confirm the applicable extended security update channel is being used before assuming the build is patched. No configuration workaround fully closes the flaw because it is an isolation-boundary defect in code rather than a feature that can be toggled off safely; disabling VBS/VSM does remove the Secure Kernel Mode attack surface but simultaneously disables Credential Guard, HVCI and other virtualization-based protections, a trade-off that leaves the host broadly weaker and is not recommended. Because the vector is AV:L/PR:L/AC:H with UI:N, near-term compensating controls are access-oriented: enforce least privilege so that untrusted users cannot execute code interactively or via scheduled/agent processes on these hosts, restrict local logon and RDP access to trusted administrators, and remove unnecessary local admin rights that could widen the pool of attackers who already meet the PR:L precondition. Given CISA SSVC's 'exploitation: none' and 'not automatable' ratings, patching can follow normal monthly maintenance rather than emergency change procedures, but hosts running VBS with untrusted local users should be prioritised within that cycle.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 16 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

Windows Secure Kernel Mode is the execution environment of Virtualization-Based Security (VBS) and Virtual Secure Mode (VSM), a second, more privileged kernel (VTL1) that runs under the Hyper-V hypervisor alongside the ordinary operating system kernel (VTL0) and hosts protections such as Credential Guard, HVCI and secure memory enclaves. The root cause class is CWE-497, Exposure of Sensitive System Information to an Unauthorized Control Sphere, meaning the boundary between the normal kernel and the isolated secure kernel does not adequately restrict access to information held on the protected side. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N) reflects exactly that cross-boundary character: the attacker must already run code locally with low privileges, needs no user interaction, and cannot use a remote vector, but an error in the isolation logic changes scope (S:C) and yields high confidentiality loss with no integrity or availability effect. AC:H plus the SSVC verdict of non-automatable and partial technical impact indicate exploitation depends on difficult timing, state or race-like conditions rather than a single deterministic call, and the flaw is only reachable on hosts where Secure Kernel Mode / VBS is actually present and enabled.

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 5.6 MEDIUM
AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
vuln.today AI 5.6 MEDIUM

Local-only disclosure (AV:L, C:H, I/A:N) needing an existing low-priv foothold (PR:L) and difficult trigger conditions (AC:H); S:C reflects data crossing the Secure Kernel trust boundary.

3.1 AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
4.0 AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
High
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None

Lifecycle Timeline

4
CVSS changed
Oct 28, 2026 - 17:07 NVD
4.7 (MEDIUM) 5.6 (MEDIUM)
CVSS changed
Oct 28, 2026 - 16:52 NVD
5.6 (MEDIUM) 4.7 (MEDIUM)
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:22 cve.org
MEDIUM 5.6

DescriptionCVE.org

Exposure of sensitive system information to an unauthorized control sphere in Windows Secure Kernel Mode allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 72% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Microsoft Windows client and server, deployed across most enterprise environments
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity MEDIUM
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision· derived
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact· derived
Medium
Technical Impact
Partial

Priority Score

28
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +28
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Information disclosure occurs when an application unintentionally exposes sensitive data that aids attackers in reconnaissance or directly compromises security.

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