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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain low-privileged local access
  2. Delivery
    Run crafted program invoking kernel path
  3. Exploit
    Trigger heap buffer overflow in kernel
  4. Execution
    Corrupt kernel memory structures
  5. Impact
    Execute code as SYSTEM / elevate privileges

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Heap buffer bounds checking
MITRE ATT&CK

1 technique across 1 tactic: Execution

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already have local, authenticated access to the target host with at least low-level privileges (CVSS PR:L) and the ability to execute code locally - this is a privilege-escalation primitive, not a remote entry point. No user interaction is needed (UI:N) and no special non-default feature or configuration is called out in the description; any supported, unpatched Windows build in the listed version ranges (Windows 10/11 client editions 1607 through 25H2/26H2, and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations) is affected by default. The principal limiting factor is the local-access and authentication prerequisite (AV:L/PR:L): a purely external, unauthenticated attacker cannot use this directly and must first obtain a foothold.

Impact

This is a genuine, patch-now priority for Windows fleets despite being a 'high' (7.8) rather than 'critical' rating. The CVSS vector (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) describes a low-complexity local elevation-of-privilege flaw requiring only low-level authenticated access, with full High impact to Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (scope unchanged) - the classic profile of a post-compromise privilege escalation used after initial foothold (phishing, commodity malware, or a low-priv service). No EPSS probability was provided in the input, and the vulnerability is NOT on CISA KEV, with no public exploit code referenced, so there is no evidence of active exploitation at time of analysis. The signals are therefore internally consistent (no conflict between CVSS local vector and the 'elevate privileges locally' description), but exploitation-likelihood telemetry (EPSS) is missing. Kernel heap-overflow EOLs in Windows are historically high-value targets that are frequently weaponized and later added to KEV once exploited, so the low-visibility exploitation signals should be read as 'not yet observed/reported' rather than 'low value' - treat as high priority given ubiquitous deployment.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who already has a low-privileged foothold on a Windows host (e.g., via phishing, a compromised standard user account, or a low-privilege service) runs a crafted program that triggers the heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel to corrupt kernel memory and gain SYSTEM privileges. Because the CVSS vector is AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N, exploitation is local, low-complexity, authenticated, and needs no user interaction. No public proof-of-concept or exploit code was identified in the provided data.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.3% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel lets an authenticated attacker who already holds low-level local privileges escalate to full kernel-level code execution (SYSTEM) on the affected host, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability. The flaw is reachable across a very wide swath of supported builds - Windows 10 (1607 through 22H2), Windows 11 (23H2 through 26H2), and Windows Server 2012 through 2025, including Server Core installations - so any unpatched host in those ranges is exposed by default. Microsoft has published a fix, and at time of analysis there is no CISA KEV entry and no public exploit code identified; because the CVSS vector is AV:L/PR:L, the attacker must first obtain local authenticated access, which makes this a post-compromise privilege-escalation primitive rather than a remote entry point.

RemediationAI

Patch status: patch available per vendor advisory - Microsoft published the fix through the MSRC update guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-96312, so apply the current cumulative update that brings each host to or above the fixed build listed in the EUVD ranges (for example 10.0.22631.7652 for Windows 11 23H2, 10.0.26100.33650 for Server 2025 and Windows 11 24H2, 10.0.20348.5761 for Server 2022, 10.0.17763.9376 for Server 2019 and Windows 10 1809, and 10.0.14393.9612 for Server 2016 and Windows 10 1607). Note that Windows Server 2012 and 2012 R2 are long past mainstream support and only receive fixes under extended/ESU-style coverage, so confirm entitlement and build level (6.2.9200.26434 and 6.3.9600.23470) rather than assuming a routine update delivers the patch. Until every host is updated, the compensating controls that actually reduce exposure are those that shrink the AV:L/PR:L prerequisite: remove or tightly restrict interactive logon and RDP access for untrusted accounts, enforce least privilege so no user holds more than the low-level rights this primitive requires to start from, restrict which users may load or install software that could exercise kernel interfaces, and enable Credential Guard, HVCI and other kernel-integrity features as defense in depth. Trade-offs to weigh: hardening logon pathways and removing local admin rights can break legitimate administrative workflows and automation, and kernel-integrity features can be incompatible with older drivers, so pilot before fleet-wide rollout. Monitor for repeated kernel crashes or pool-corruption bugchecks, which frequently indicate exploitation attempts, but treat such monitoring as detection only - nothing short of applying the vendor patch removes the vulnerable code path.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 19 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The root cause is CWE-122, a heap-based buffer overflow, occurring in a kernel-mode component of Windows. Kernel pool allocations are written past their bounds, corrupting adjacent pool metadata; because the code runs at ring 0, a successful overwrite can be steered into controlled kernel execution rather than a mere crash, yielding SYSTEM privileges and the ability to disable security controls or persist below user-space visibility. The CVSS 3.1 vector AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H confirms the access model: the attacker needs local access (AV:L), holds at least low privileges (PR:L is 'authenticated' in vector terms), requires no user interaction (UI:N), and the scope is unchanged (S:U), meaning the impact stays within the same security authority while fully compromising confidentiality, integrity and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H). Reaching the vulnerable code path typically means issuing crafted calls or I/O requests to the kernel from an unprivileged process; because no non-default feature or configuration is called out, the exposure is effectively baseline across the listed builds.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Local kernel EOP from a low-privileged account (AV:L, PR:L), no special conditions or user interaction (AC:L, UI:N), yielding SYSTEM with full C/I/A impact, scope unchanged.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

Microsoft has patched a high-severity heap buffer overflow in the Windows Kernel (CVE-2026-96312) that allows an authenticated local attacker to escalate to SYSTEM-level code execution on a wide range of Windows 10, 11, and Server installations. While no public exploit identified at time of analysis, any unpatched host is vulnerable, and a compromised low-privilege account could be used to gain full control, impacting confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Leadership should prioritize patching to prevent post-compromise escalation and potential lateral movement.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.3%
Top 77% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Windows OS kernel spans client and server across most enterprise environments
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation Less Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.3%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

A buffer overflow occurs when a program writes more data to a memory buffer than it was allocated to hold, causing the excess data to spill into adjacent memory regions.

A heap overflow occurs when a program writes data beyond the bounds of a buffer allocated in the heap memory region.

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