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Windows Kernel EUVDEUVD-2026-99636

| CVE-2026-85945 HIGH
Use After Free (CWE-416)
2026-10-13 secure@microsoft.com GHSA-9ww5-cg37-m53m
7.8
CVSS 3.1 · Vendor: microsoft
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Attack ChainAIDerived

Hypothetical attack flow derived from CVE metadata – not a confirmed exploit chain

  1. Access
    Obtain low-privileged local foothold
  2. Delivery
    Launch crafted exploit binary
  3. Exploit
    Trigger use-after-free in Windows Kernel
  4. Execution
    Corrupt kernel object and hijack execution
  5. Persist
    Execute code as SYSTEM
  6. Impact
    Full host compromise

Vulnerability Assessment

Weakness
CWE
ASVS 5.0
V15 - Secure Coding and Architecture Memory lifecycle management
MITRE ATT&CK

2 techniques across 2 tactics: Execution, Privilege Escalation

The technique list with ATT&CK links and the kill-chain view is part of the Basic plan and up.

Exploitation Conditions

Exploitation requires the attacker to already have authenticated, low-privileged local code execution on the target (PR:L, AV:L) - this is a post-compromise privilege-escalation primitive, not a remote entry point. No user interaction is needed (UI:N) and attack complexity is low (AC:L), so no special timing or race-window is implied by the vector. The affected component is the Windows Kernel in default configurations; the limiting factors are the need for a prior local foothold and that unpatched builds below the fixed revisions must be running (e.g., Windows 11 24H2 below 10.0.26100.9711, Server 2022 below 10.0.20348.5761, Server 2016 below 10.0.14393.9612). No special feature toggle or non-default setting is called out in the description.

Impact

The CVSS 3.1 vector (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H, base 7.8 HIGH) describes a locally-exploitable, low-complexity use-after-free (CWE-416) in the Windows Kernel that an already-authenticated low-privilege user (PR:L) can leverage to gain full confidentiality, integrity and availability impact - classic local privilege escalation to SYSTEM. There is no EPSS score, no CISA KEV listing, and no public POC indicated in the provided data, so this is 'no public exploit identified at time of analysis.' SSVC-style reasoning: exploitation is not known to be automatable (local access with an authenticated foothold is a prerequisite), but technical impact is total. The signals are internally consistent - nothing here conflicts: AV:L matches a kernel EoP, and PR:L correctly reflects that a local foothold is needed. In practice this is a meaningful priority for patching despite not being a remote/wormable issue, because kernel UAF EoP bugs are a staple second stage in real intrusions (after phishing or a browser compromise) and historically graduate to in-the-wild exploitation; however, with no KEV/POC/EPSS data it should be treated as a high-priority patch-management item rather than an active-exploitation emergency. Note the 'Denial Of Service' tag is plausible given a kernel UAF but the described primary impact is privilege elevation, not DoS.

Exploit ScenarioDerived

An attacker who has already obtained low-privileged code execution on a Windows host (e.g., via phishing, a malicious document, or a compromised standard user account) runs a crafted program that triggers the kernel use-after-free, corrupting kernel memory to execute code in kernel context and elevate to SYSTEM. No public exploit code is identified at time of analysis, and the low attack complexity (AC:L) with no user interaction (UI:N) means a reliable exploit, once developed, would be straightforward to run as a post-compromise escalation step.

This Week Schedule remediation this week. Why: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9).
Patch available 0.4% exploitation probability (EPSS)

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AnalysisAIv1 – Oct 13, 2026

Use-after-free in the Windows Kernel allows an authenticated, low-privileged local attacker (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N) to escalate privileges to SYSTEM-level, delivering high confidentiality, integrity and availability impact as a post-compromise LPE primitive. Affected systems are unpatched builds of Windows 10, Windows 11 and Windows Server 2012 through 2025 that fall below the fixed revisions in the vendor advisory. A vendor patch is available per the Microsoft MSRC update guide; no public exploit code or confirmed active exploitation was identified at time of analysis.

RemediationAI

Apply the Microsoft vendor-released security update for CVE-2026-85945 as documented at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-85945, which brings the affected builds to or above the fixed revisions listed in the EUVD data: Windows 11 24H2 to 10.0.26100.9711, 25H2 to 10.0.26200.9711, 26H2 to 10.0.26300.9711, 26H1 to 10.0.28000.3231, and 23H2 to 10.0.22631.7652; Windows 10 21H2/22H2 to 10.0.19044.7807, 1607/Server 2016 to 10.0.14393.9612, and 1809/Server 2019 to 10.0.17763.9376; Windows Server 2012 to 6.2.9200.26434, Server 2012 R2 to 6.3.9600.23470, Server 2022 to 10.0.20348.5761, and Server 2025 to 10.0.26100.33650. Because this is a local privilege-escalation primitive requiring a pre-existing authenticated foothold, patch deployment is the only complete fix; compensating controls reduce the attack surface but do not remove the bug. Practical interim measures include enforcing least privilege so that interactive users are not local administrators (side effect: some legacy applications requiring elevation may need shims or vendor updates), applying WDAC/AppLocker or Smart App Control to prevent execution of untrusted binaries that could be used to trigger the kernel corruption (side effect: administrative overhead and possible blocking of legitimate unsigned tooling), restricting interactive logon and RDP access to only trusted operators (side effect: reduced operational flexibility for helpdesk and remote administration), and monitoring for suspicious token-manipulation or SYSTEM-spawning behavior from non-privileged processes. None of these controls should be treated as a substitute for installing the cumulative update, and enterprises should prioritize hosts where unprivileged local code execution is routinely available, such as multi-user workstations, RDP jump servers and terminal servers.

Affected VersionsENISA

Windows 11 Version 24H2 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.9711
Windows 11 Version 26H2 10.0.26300.0 <10.0.26300.9711
Windows 11 Version 23H2 10.0.22631.0 <10.0.22631.7652
Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows 10 Version 22H2 10.0.19045.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 10 Version 21H2 10.0.19044.0 <10.0.19044.7807
Windows 11 version 26H1 10.0.28000.0 <10.0.28000.3231
Windows Server 2025 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows 11 Version 25H2 10.0.26200.0 <10.0.26200.9711
Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation) 10.0.26100.0 <10.0.26100.33650
Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows Server 2012 R2 6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.23470
Windows Server 2012 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2019 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows 10 Version 1607 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612
Windows 10 Version 1809 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2022 10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.5761
Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) 10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.9376
Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) 6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.26434
Windows Server 2016 10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.9612

Affected Packages

euvd windows_10_version_1607 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_10_version_1809 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_10_version_21h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_10_version_22h2 fix: 10.0.19044.7807
euvd windows_11_version_23h2 fix: 10.0.22631.7652
euvd windows_11_version_24h2 fix: 10.0.26100.9711
euvd windows_11_version_25h2 fix: 10.0.26200.9711
euvd windows_11_version_26h1 fix: 10.0.28000.3231
euvd windows_11_version_26h2 fix: 10.0.26300.9711
euvd windows_server_2012 fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2012_r2 fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_r2_server_core_installation fix: 6.3.9600.23470
euvd windows_server_2012_server_core_installation fix: 6.2.9200.26434
euvd windows_server_2016 fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2016_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.14393.9612
euvd windows_server_2019 fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2019_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.17763.9376
euvd windows_server_2022 fix: 10.0.20348.5761
euvd windows_server_2025 fix: 10.0.26100.33650
euvd windows_server_2025_server_core_installation fix: 10.0.26100.33650

Source: OSV (Open Source Vulnerabilities)

Affects your stack

Affects 20 packages in euvd

Checking this CVE against your own stacks and servers is part of the Basic plan and up.

Technical ContextAI · show details

The flaw is a memory-safety defect classified as CWE-416 (Use After Free) in the Windows Kernel. Underlying this class of bug is kernel pool memory management: a kernel object or pool allocation is freed while a stale pointer or dangling reference to it remains live, and a subsequent dereference of that reference operates on memory that may already have been reallocated and filled with attacker-controlled data. Because the corruption occurs in kernel mode, successful reuse of the freed chunk can subvert kernel control structures - for example by overwriting a function pointer or a process token - which is how a low-privileged local process (PR:L) turns a memory-corruption primitive into full SYSTEM privileges (S:U, C:H/I:H/A:H). Associated advisory tags (Denial Of Service, Memory Corruption, Use After Free, Microsoft) are consistent with a locally-triggerable kernel pool corruption rather than a remotely reachable flaw. The assessed vector shows AC:L and UI:N, so no race window, timing dependency, or user interaction is implied; exploitation requires only that the attacker already holds authenticated local code execution on the box and that the build predates the fixed revision. Per the EUVD data, the vulnerable component ships across the entire supported Windows client and server line, from the legacy 6.2.9200/6.3.9600 Windows Server 2012/2012 R2 kernels through the 10.0.2xxxx Windows 11 24H2/25H2/26H1/26H2 and Windows Server 2025 kernels.

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  • Exploit and PoC references, threat intelligence from 22 sources

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Severity by source

Vendor (microsoft) PRIMARY 7.8 HIGH
AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
vuln.today AI 7.8 HIGH

Kernel UAF reachable only from an authenticated local process, so AV:L and PR:L; low complexity (AC:L) and SYSTEM-level outcome give full C/I/A impact with unchanged scope.

3.1 AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.0 AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Primary rating from Vendor (microsoft).

CVSS VectorVendor: microsoft

Attack Vector
Local
Attack Complexity
Low
Privileges Required
Low
User Interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High

Lifecycle Timeline

2
Patch available
Oct 13, 2026 - 20:20 EUVD
CVE Published
Oct 13, 2026 - 19:21 cve.org
HIGH 7.8

DescriptionCVE.org

Use after free in Windows Kernel allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Executive ViewAI

Why It Matters

A privilege-escalation flaw in the Windows kernel could let an attacker who already has a foothold on a workstation or server elevate to SYSTEM-level control, effectively turning a limited intrusion into full control of the machine. Because the affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server 2012-2025 builds are widely deployed across the enterprise, unpatched endpoints and servers represent a broad, systemic risk to business operations and data protection. Leadership should treat remediation as a priority patch-management action, as this class of flaw is commonly used by ransomware and advanced threat actors to move from a single compromised account to complete system takeover.

Business Impact: High
Compensating Controls

Apply vendor patch.

Threat Intelligence Overview

EPSS Score
0.4%
Top 71% exploitable
Prevalence
Ubiquitous
Windows OS/Server kernel present in a huge fraction of enterprise and consumer environments
Vendor Status
Publicly Disclosed:No
Exploited:No
Latest Software Release:Exploitation More Likely
Data Quality
5 sources
Confidence: Medium

How this decision was reached

The engine reads each signal below and applies a fixed list of rules from top to bottom. The first rule that matches sets the recommended action – like a statement, every line is shown.

SignalValue
Severity HIGH
CISA KEV No
Public POC No
EPSS 0.4%
Patch available Yes
Active threat No
Deciding rule
HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9)
What every action level means
Emergency Immediate action required. Criteria: CRITICAL + in CISA KEV (actively exploited) without patch, OR CRITICAL + EPSS > 30% without patch, OR CRITICAL + active threat signals without patch.
Act Now Prioritize within 24-48h. Criteria: in KEV with patch available, OR CRITICAL + public POC, OR HIGH + EPSS > 10%, OR CRITICAL + active threat, OR any CRITICAL severity.
This Week Schedule remediation this week. Criteria: HIGH severity (CVSS 7.0-8.9). Patch within normal change window.
This Month Plan within 30 days. Criteria: MEDIUM severity (CVSS 4.0-6.9), lower exploitation probability. Include in regular patch cycle.
Monitor Track and reassess. Criteria: LOW severity (CVSS 0.1-3.9), minimal exploitation risk. No immediate action needed.

SSVC AssessmentENISA

SSVC Decision
Defer
Exploitation
None
System Exposure· derived
Small
Automatable
No
Human Impact
High
Technical Impact
Total

Priority Score

39
Low Medium High Critical
KEV: 0
EPSS: 0
CVSS: +39
PoC: 0
Weaponized: 0
Threat intel: 0
Gov advisory: 0

Attack Technique

Use-after-free vulnerabilities occur when a program continues to access memory through a pointer after that memory has been deallocated.

Memory corruption occurs when a program writes data beyond the boundaries of allocated memory regions or accesses memory in unintended ways, violating the integrity of the process's address space.

Denial of Service attacks render applications or systems unavailable by overwhelming resources or triggering failure conditions.

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